scholarly journals Predictive flow control for TCP-friendly end-to-end real-time video on the Internet

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 1230-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeali S. Sun ◽  
Fu-Ming Tsou ◽  
Meng Chang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Tcp Friendly ◽  
End To End

Multicast of Multimedia Data

2008 ◽  
pp. 1781-1788
Author(s):  
Christos Bouras ◽  
Apostolos Gkamas ◽  
Dimitris Primpas ◽  
Kostas Stamos
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Heterogeneous Network ◽  
Multimedia Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Service Guarantees ◽  
Tcp Friendly ◽  
Real Time Applications

The heterogeneous network environment that Internet provides to real time applications as well as the lack of sufficient QoS (Quality of Service) guarantees, many times forces applications to embody adaptation schemes in order to work efficiently. In addition, any application that transmits data over the Internet should have a friendly behaviour towards the other flows that coexist in today’s Internet and especially towards the TCP flows that comprise the majority of flows. We define as TCP friendly flow, a flow that consumes no more bandwidth than a TCP connection, which is traversing the same path with that flow (Pandhye 1999).

Multicast of Multimedia Data

2008 ◽  
pp. 316-322
Author(s):  
Christos Bouras ◽  
Apostolos Gkamas ◽  
Dimitris Primpas ◽  
Kostas Stamos
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Heterogeneous Network ◽  
Multimedia Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Service Guarantees ◽  
Tcp Friendly ◽  
Real Time Applications

The heterogeneous network environment that Internet provides to real time applications as well as the lack of sufficient QoS (Quality of Service) guarantees, many times forces applications to embody adaptation schemes in order to work efficiently. In addition, any application that transmits data over the Internet should have a friendly behaviour towards the other flows that coexist in today’s Internet and especially towards the TCP flows that comprise the majority of flows. We define as TCP friendly flow, a flow that consumes no more bandwidth than a TCP connection, which is traversing the same path with that flow (Pandhye 1999).

scholarly journals Dynamic Control Architecture Based on Software Defined Networking for the Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Michele Bonanni ◽  
Francesco Chiti ◽  
Romano Fantacci ◽  
Laura Pierucci
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Software Defined Networking ◽  
Life Time ◽  
The Internet ◽  
End To End ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Software Defined Networking (SDN) provides a new perspective for the Internet of Things (IoT), since, with the separation of the control from the data planes, it is viable to optimise the traditional networks operation management. In particular, the SDN Controller has a global vision of the network of sensors/actuators domain, allowing real-time network nodes and data flows reconfiguration. As a consequence, devices, usually facing limited communications and computing resources, are relieved of the route selection task in a distributed and, thus, suboptimal way. This paper proposes a SDN-IoT architecture, specifically focusing on the Controller design, which dynamically optimises in real time the end-to-end flows delivery. In particular, the dynamic routing policy adaptation is based on the real-time estimation of the network status and it allows jointly minimising the end-to-end latency and energy consumption and, consequently, to improve the network life time. The performance of the proposed approach is analysed in terms of the average latency, energy consumption and overhead, pointing out a better behaviour in comparison with the existing distributed approaches.

Simulation-Based Comparison of TCP and TCP-Friendly Protocols

2009 ◽  
pp. 1307-1315
Author(s):  
Gábor Hosszú
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Congestion Control ◽  
Streaming Media ◽  
Transport Protocol ◽  
Receiver Side ◽  
Tcp Friendly ◽  
Congestion Collapse ◽  
End To End ◽  
Technical Simplicity ◽  
Uniform Manner

Internet streaming media changed the Web from a static medium into a multimedia platform, which supports audio and video content delivery. In our days streaming media turns into the standard way of global media broadcasting and distribution. The low costs, worldwide accessibility, and technical simplicity of this telecommunication way make media streams very attractive for content providers. Streaming works by cutting the compressed media content into packets, which are sent to the receiver. Packets are reassembled and decompressed on the receiver side into a format that can be played by the user. To achieve smooth playback, packets are buffered on the receiver side. However, in case of a network congestion, the stream of packets slows down, and the player application runs out of data, which results in poor playback quality. This article presents the comparison of different transport level congestion control schemes, including variants of the TCP. The protocol mechanisms, implemented in various protocols, are hard to investigate in a uniform manner; therefore, the simulator SimCast (Simulator for multiCast) is developed for traffic analysis of the unicast and multicast streams. In this article the TCP and other transport protocol mechanisms will be compared using the SimCast simulator (Orosz & Tegze, 2001). The simulated results are presented through examples. Due to spreading of traffic lacking end-to-end congestion control, congestion collapse may arise in the Internet (Floyd & Fall, 1999). This form of congestion collapse is caused by congested links that are sending packets to be dropped only later in the network. The essential factor behind this form of congestion collapse is the absence of end-to-end feedback. On the one hand an unresponsive flow fails to reduce its offered load at a router in response to an increased packet drop rate, and on the other hand a disproportionate-bandwidth flow uses considerably more bandwidth than other flows in time of congestion. In order to achieve accurate multicast traffic simulation—being not so TCP-friendly yet—the effects of the flow control of the TCP protocol should be determined (Postel, 1981). However, there are many different kinds of TCP and other unicast transport protocol implementations with various flow control mechanisms, which make this investigation rather difficult (He, Vicat-Blanc Primet, & Welzl, 2005).

scholarly journals Haptic data transferring through converging networks

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Γεώργιος Κοκκώνης
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Quality Of Experience ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Transport Protocols ◽  
Sensory Data ◽  
High Level ◽  
Data Transferring

As the Internet spreads, new web applications come to light. One promising sector that is still in its infancy is supermedia applications. Supermedia applications manipulate video, audio, haptic and other sensory data. With the word haptic we refer to the sense of touch that the user feels when he uses a “Haptic” service. The haptic feeling has the ability to increase the sense of reality, to excite the user and improve the quality of experience. To carry out this sense through the Internet was, until recently, impracticable due to processing inefficiencies and/or protocol performance in capabilities, such as throughput and jitter constraints. This thesis presents a survey of transport protocols for supermedia applications. It outlines the Haptic data transmission characteristics and the necessary QoS requirements for the maximization of the Quality of Experience for Haptic users. It also depicts the qualitative features that transport and application layer protocols should contain in order to carry haptic data. It also describes a Haptic system architecture. A new network adaptive flow control algorithm is proposed. The new algorithm combines most of the known flow control algorithms while taking into account the network conditions οf the Internet and the significant haptic events. It analyses the metrics that have to be taken into consideration for the evaluation of Haptic transferring. These metrics are the delay, the jitter, the throughput, the efficiency, the packet loss and the proposed by the authors, packet arrival deviation. Based on these metrics, evaluation of the most commonly used real time transport protocols is performed. It also presents experiments for real time Haptic data transferring that have been carried out by the authors through different networks and locations. Extensive simulations and experiments for the performance evaluation of transport protocols for real time transferring HEVC streams with supermedia data are carried out. Complements, differences and relevancies between simulation and real world experiments are discussed. The simulation tests reveal which protocols could be used for the transfer of real-time supermedia data with a HEVC video stream.As far as video transmission is concerned, this thesis presents the related work on High Efficiency Video Coding. It points out the challenges and the synchronization techniques that have being proposed for synchronizing video and haptic data. Comparative tests between H.264 and HEVC are undertaken. Measurements for the network conditions of the Internet are carried out. The equations for the transferring delay of all the inter prediction configurations of the HEVC are defined. Furthermore, it proposes a new efficient algorithm for transferring a real-time High Efficient Video Coding stream with haptic data through the Internet.Furthermore, it presents the design of a novel real time wireless multisensory smart surveillance system with 3D HEVC features. The proposed high level system architecture of this surveillance system is analyzed. The advantages of the new HEVC encoding are presented. The synchronization issues between the multiple streams are described and solved. All the available wireless standard are presented and compared. A network adaptive transmission protocol for a reliable real-time multisensory surveillance system is proposed. Adaptive Packet Frame Grouping and quantization is enforced in order maximum Quality of Experience to be fulfilled. Measurements from the proposed protocol have given satisfactory results comparing to existing transport protocols.It also deals with the wireless transfer of real-time high update rate supermedia data over the Internet of Things. It presents the related work on supermedia data transferring and QoE requirements. It proposes a high level architectural design for the transport of wireless multiple supermedia streams over IoT. The most known compression techniques and flow controls for wireless sensory data transferring are analyzed. Based on these compression techniques a new network adaptive flow control algorithm is proposed. Measurements for multihop wireless transferring of high update rate supermedia packets over IoT are presented

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