Exocellular polysaccharides from cyanobacteria and their possible applications

The exocellular polysaccharides of Penicillium charlesii, P. chrysogenum, P. raistrickii, P. claviforme, and P. patulum contain galactofuranosyl residues since galactose is released by mild acid hydrolysis. Antisera from rabbits injected with whole cells of P. charlesii cross reacted with the exocellular polysaccharides from each species. The exocellular polymer from Penicillium various contained no galactose labile to mild acid treatment, and showed no cross reactivity with antisera to P. charlesii. No antigenic reactivity was observed in exocellular polysaccharides modified by mild acid hydrolysis. Oligosaccharides produced by mild acid hydrolysis which contained galactofuranosyl moieties as well as methyl α-D- and methyl β-D-galactofuranosides inhibited precipitate formation when the antigen was incubated with antisera. Treatment of the polysaccharides with 1 N NaOH did not alter its reactivity toward the antisera. It was concluded that several species of Penicillium elaborate exocellular polysaccharides containing galactofuranosyl residues and that these residues contribute to the antigenic specificity of the organism.

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PYRUVIC ACID CONTENT AND CONSTITUENT SUGARS OF EXOCELLULAR POLYSACCHARIDES FROM DIFFERENT SPECIES OF THE GENUS XANTHOMONAS

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m63-055 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 427-430 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Danute G. Orentas ◽

J. H. Sloneker ◽

Allene Jeanes

Keyword(s):

Pyruvic Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Exocellular Polysaccharides

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Production of exocellular polysaccharides by Alternaria solani

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m68-179 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 1063-1068 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

James L. Goatley

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Nitrogen Content ◽

Alternaria Solani ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Shake Culture ◽

Chromatographic Techniques ◽

Polysaccharide Production ◽

Exocellular Polysaccharide ◽

Exocellular Polysaccharides ◽

Fraction I

Alternaria solani produced two homogeneous exocellular polysaccharide fractions when grown in shake culture with fructose as the carbon source and the NH4NO3 concentration of the medium 1.7 g/l. Chromatographic techniques indicated that fraction I contained glucose, galactose, and glucosamine in a 2.4:1:1 ratio whereas fraction II contained glucose, galactose, and mannose in a 6.4:1:1.2 ratio. Fraction I was found at levels seven times greater than II. Total polysaccharide produced was 1.8% of the dry weight of the mycelium and 1.2% of the available carbohydrate.Growth and polysaccharide production were greatest with fructose as the carbon source. Decreasing levels of growth occurred with mannitol, glucose, and sucrose, respectively. Exocellular polysaccharides were not detected with mannitol as carbon source. At 10 days, growth on fructose is maximum at NH4NO3 concentrations of 1.5 to 2.5 g/l, but exocellular polysaccharide production is maximum at 0.8 g/l. When produced on a medium of 2.0 g/l NH4NO3 the nitrogen content of I is double that when the medium is 0.8 g/l NH4NO3. In addition the ratio of I to II is about four times greater.

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