Mapping visual analogue scale health state valuations onto standard gamble and time trade-off values

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to empirically explore whether individuals take their expected income into consideration when directly valuing predefined health states. This was intended to help determine how to handle productivity costs due to morbidity in a cost-effectiveness analysis.Methods:Two hundred students each valued four hypothetical health states by using time trade-off (TTO) and a visual analogue scale (VAS). The students were randomly assigned to two groups. One group was simply asked, without mentioning income, to value the different health states (the non-income group). The other group was explicitly asked to consider their expected income in relation to the health states in their valuations (the income group).Results:For health states that are usually assumed to have a large effect on income, the valuations made by the income group seemed to be lower than the valuations made by the non-income group. Among the students in the non-income group, 96 percent stated that they had not thought about their expected income when they valued the health states. In the income group, 40 percent believed that their expected income had affected their valuations of the health states.Conclusion:The results show that, as long as income is not mentioned, most individuals do not seem to consider their expected income when they value health states. This indicates that productivity costs due to morbidity are not captured within individuals' health state valuations. These findings, therefore, suggest that productivity costs due to morbidity should be included as a cost in cost-effectiveness analyses.

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Estimating the utility value of hypoglycaemia according to severity and frequency using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and time trade-off (TTO) survey

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders ◽

10.1007/s40200-018-0369-z ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 269-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Asrul Akmal Shafie ◽

Chin Hui Ng ◽

Subramaniam Thanimalai ◽

Norliza Haron ◽

Anita Bhajan Manocha

Keyword(s):

Visual Analogue Scale ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Utility Value ◽

Trade Off

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Self vs. other, child vs. adult. An experimental comparison of valuation perspectives for valuation of EQ-5D-Y-3L health states

The European Journal of Health Economics ◽

10.1007/s10198-021-01377-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. A. Lipman ◽

V. T. Reckers-Droog ◽

M. Karimi ◽

M. Jakubczyk ◽

A. E. Attema

Keyword(s):

Child Health ◽

Visual Analogue Scale ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Experimental Comparison ◽

Adult Health ◽

Health States ◽

Trade Off ◽

Considerable Heterogeneity

Abstract Objectives EQ-5D-Y-3L health states are valued by adults taking the perspective of a 10-year-old child. Compared to valuation of adult EQ-5D instruments, this entails two changes to the perspective: (i) child health states are valued instead of adult health states and: (ii) health states are valued for someone else instead of for oneself. Although earlier work has shown that these combined changes yield different values for child and adult health states that are otherwise equal, it currently remains unclear why. Hence, we aimed to disentangle the effects of both changes. Methods A sample of 205 students (mean age: 19.48) was surveyed. Each respondent completed visual analogue scale (VAS) and time trade-off (TTO) tasks for five EQ-5D-Y-3L states, using four randomly ordered perspectives: (i) self-adult (themselves), (ii) other-adult (someone their age), (iii) self-child (themselves as a 10-year-old), (iv) other-child (a child of 10 years old). We compared how each perspective impacted outcomes, precision and quality of EQ-5D-Y-3L valuation. Results Overall, differences between perspectives were consistent, with their direction being dependent on the health states and respondents. For VAS, the effect on outcomes of valuation depended on severity, but variance was higher in valuation with child perspectives. For TTO, we observed that EQ-5D-Y-3L states valued on behalf of others (i.e., children or adults) received higher valuations, but lower variances. Conclusion The use of a different perspective appears to yield systematic differences in EQ-5D-Y-3L valuation, with considerable heterogeneity between health states and respondents. This may explain mixed findings in earlier work.

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PMC6 ESTIMATING EQ-5D TARIFFS FOR MALAYSIA USING TIME TRADE OFF AND VISUAL ANALOGUE SCALE

Value in Health ◽

10.1016/s1098-3015(11)73310-1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. A552

Author(s):

F Aryani Md Yusof ◽

A Goh ◽

S Azmi

Keyword(s):

Visual Analogue Scale ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Trade Off

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Similar responses to EQ-5D-3L by two elicitation methods: visual analogue scale and time trade-off

BMC Medical Research Methodology ◽

10.1186/s12874-020-01008-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiuying Wang ◽

Lin Zhuo ◽

Yifei Ma ◽

Ting Cai ◽

Aviva Must ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Analogue Scale ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Trade Off ◽

Elicitation Methods

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Impact of caregiver and parenting status on time trade-off and standard gamble utility scores for health state descriptions

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes ◽

10.1186/1477-7525-12-48 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 48 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Louis S Matza ◽

Kristina S Boye ◽

David H Feeny ◽

Joseph A Johnston ◽

Lee Bowman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Standard Gamble ◽

Health State ◽

Trade Off ◽

Utility Scores

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Direct and indirect utilities of patients with mild to moderate versus severe carpal tunnel syndrome

Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) ◽

10.1177/1753193420922791 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (8) ◽

pp. 832-837

Author(s):

Annie M. Q. Wang ◽

Helene Retrouvey ◽

Murray Krahn ◽

Steven J. McCabe ◽

Heather L. Baltzer

Keyword(s):

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Visual Analogue Scale ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Standard Gamble ◽

Short Form ◽

Health Utility ◽

Health Utilities ◽

Euroqol 5D ◽

Tunnel Syndrome

Health utility is a quantitative global measure of patients’ health status. This retrospective cohort study aimed to compare health utilities of patients with mild to moderate versus severe carpal tunnel syndrome and determine inter-instrumental agreement. Health utilities of 29 patients with varying severity of carpal tunnel syndrome were measured indirectly by Short-Form Sixth Dimension and EuroQol 5D questionnaire and directly by Chained Standard Gamble and a visual analogue scale. Health utility was 0.69 for Short-Form Sixth Dimension, 0.78 for EuroQol 5D Questionnaire, 0.98 for Chained Standard Gamble, and 0.76 for the visual analogue scale. There was a significant inter-instrumental agreement between three of the instruments, but not the Chained Standard Gamble. The difference in health utilities between patients with mild or moderate versus severe carpal tunnel syndrome was significant only for the EuroQol 5D questionnaire. We conclude based on our results that there are no clear indications on how health utilities can be integrated into decision analysis models and economic evaluation regarding carpal tunnel syndrome of various severities . Level of evidence: IV

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Age dependency of EQ-5D-Youth health states valuations on a visual analogue scale

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes ◽

10.1186/s12955-020-01638-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jim G. A. Retra ◽

Brigitte A. B. Essers ◽

Manuela A. Joore ◽

Silvia M. A. A. Evers ◽

Carmen D. Dirksen

Keyword(s):

Visual Analogue Scale ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Future Research ◽

Health State ◽

Older Children ◽

Health States ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Severe Health State ◽

Health Domains ◽

Regular Classes

Abstract Background Examine whether the use of different ages has an impact on the valuation of EQ-5D-Y health states for a hypothetical child or adolescent. Methods A survey was administered during regular classes among a convenience sample of university students in the Netherlands. Respondents first valued 6 EQ-5D-Y health states (2 mild, 2 moderate, 2 severe) describing a hypothetical child/adolescent of a certain age on a visual analogue scale (VAS). After 1 h respondents valued the same six health states again but this time the age of the child was different. Age differed between 4, 10 and 16 year old. Results Number of respondents was 311. No significant differences in valuation of the six health states were found between the age of 10 and 16. One moderate health state was valued significantly better for a 4-year old compared to a 10 and a 16 year old. The same applied for one severe health state that was valued higher for a 4-year old compared to a 16-year old. Conclusion Our study shows that, except for one moderate and one severe health state, other EQ-5D-Y health states were not valued significantly different when description of age differed. It is possible that problems in specific health domains are considered more severe for older children/adolescents compared to younger children who might still be dependent on their caregivers. Future research should examine whether our findings are also present in a broader set of EQ-5D-Y health states, with a choice-based method like TTO or DCE, and a more heterogeneous sample.

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