The use of inverse geotherms for determining underground water flow at the Ombla karst spring near Dubrovnik, Croatia

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Ravnik ◽  
D Rajver
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Karst Spring

Analysis of the Response of Karst Spring to Precipitation in Longzici karst Area, Southern Shanxi province, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Qiao ◽  
Dawei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Karst Spring ◽  
Flow Response ◽  
Spring Area ◽  
Spring Flow

<p>In recent decades, the frequent occurrence of extreme weather events, coupled with the continuous increase in the intensity of artificial mining led to a general decline in the groundwater level in the karst areas of northern China. Some large springs even dried up.</p><p>Under the background of climate change, the analysis of spring water dynamic characteristics and its response to the atmospheric precipitation are of great significance to reveal the internal relation of groundwater system in karst spring area and the prediction and protection of spring water flow.</p><p>This paper selected a typical karst spring Longzici in southern Shanxi province as the object where the karst aquifer developed well. Based on the long time series precipitation monitoring and spring water flow data from 1987-2018, this paper analyzed the characteristics of spring and rainfall and found that they both have some periodicity. The precipitation has 2-3-year peak cycle and the annual average spring flow rate is 3.82 m<sup>3</sup>/s which had a dynamic fluctuation period of spring about 10 years. The result of regression model analysis of spring flow response to precipitation shows that the spring flow response has a time lag of four years to precipitation. It is most affected by its own spring flow in the previous year and different degrees affection of precipitation in the previous year and three years ago. It is also found that the sensitivity of spring flow to precipitation is influenced by precipitation amount. The effect of annual precipitation with abundant water and dry water on the flow rate of springs is with different delay length. The spring flow response to precipitation in the dry year is more pronounced. The trend analysis shows the groundwater in spring area is greatly influenced by spring own storage capacity and human exploitation.</p>

scholarly journals Determining the directions and characteristics of underground water flow in karst for the purpose of traffic routes construction: the case of the new Divača-Koper railway line (SW Slovenia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Metka Petrič ◽  
Nataša Ravbar ◽  
Luca Zini ◽  
Chiara Calligaris ◽  
Riccardo Corazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Tracer Test ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Hazard Control ◽  
Negative Impacts

The new railway line between Divača and Koper/Capodistria in south-western Slovenia is being built, a part of which crosses the southern outskirts of the Classical Karst plateaux. It will run through two tunnels, the northern tunnel T1 (6.7 km long) and the southern T2 (6 km long), which partially cross karst aquifer system. A multi-tracer test with injections of fluorescent dyes uranine and naphthionate, bypassing the karst vadose zone, was carried out to define the directions and dynamics of the underground water flow. The main goals were better understanding of the complex hydrogeological conditions in the area and assessment of possible environmental impacts on the nearby water sources. With tracing of uranine injected into a nearby cave stream, the direction of flow from the northern T1 tunnel mainly towards the Reka-Timavo aquifer system and further towards the Timava/Timavo springs was proved. The peak velocities, as determined from the peaks of the tracer breakthrough curves, range from 29 m/h to 36 m/h. Through the wider and well-connected conduits of the Reka-Timavo system, the peak velocities can reach up to 88 m/h. The recovery of uranine in an intermediate cave, i.e., Jama 1 v Kanjaducah, amounted to approximately 74 %. The northern section of the southern T2 tunnel is a part of a wider bifurcation zone between the Osapska Reka and the Boljunec/Bagnoli springs, where peak flow velocities between 10 and 13 m/h have been determined by tracing of naphthionate injected into a borehole located in the line of the planned tunnel. It has been estimated that about 25 % of the injected naphthionate flew out through the Osapska Reka spring and about 5 % through the Boljunec/ Bagnoli springs. Based on this research, proper monitoring of any potential negative impacts of the new railway line will be made possible. The study presents an approach to better planning of hazard control of traffic routes in complex and highly karstified rock settings.

ESTIMATION OF MASS TRANSFER OF PRINCIPLE IONS, IRON, AND METHANE DURING THE DISCHARGE OF UNDERGROUND WATER OF THE QUATERNARY AQUIFER COMPLEX TO THE SEA OF AZOV

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-115
Author(s):  
E. A. ZUBKOV ◽  
◽  
A. M. NIKANOROV ◽  
D. N. GAR’KUSHA ◽  
YU. A. FEDOROV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Deterministic Models ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Quaternary Aquifer ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
Sulphate Chloride ◽  
Quaternary Complex ◽  
Aquifer Complex

The specificity of the chemical composition of underground waters of the Quaternary aquifer complex of the Azov sea catchment basin, which dominates the flow volume, is considered. Using deterministic models, the volumes of runoff of the main ions, common iron, and methane are calculated. The predominant ones are sulphate, chloride-sulphate or sulphate-chloride, less often bicarbonate and chloride waters, usually of a sodium or calcium cationic composition. The average annual volume of underground water flow in the Quaternary complex is about 0.024 km3/year (66,300 m3/day). The average annual value of underground ion runoff is ~387,000 t/year, with 47.2% of this value being accounted for by sulfate ions. The average annual underground runoff of total iron and methane is ~0.968 t/year and ~0.037 t/year, respectively. The dominant contribution (over 98%) to the volume of underground runoff of the main ions, common iron and methane is made by their runoff from the Northern sections of the sea catchment basin, which is mainly due to the distribution of the module of underground water flow.

scholarly journals Artifisial replenishment of the deep aquifers

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00025
Author(s):  
Anatoly Hurynovich ◽  
Valiantsin Ramanouski
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Deep Aquifers ◽  
Well Design ◽  
Quality Water

On the basis of the analysis, laboratory and pilot studies that have been conducted, schemes of artificial replenishment of deep aquifers are proposed. These schemes allow a groundwater recharge in order to water intake with generate electricity using the energy of the water flow and provide clear water, which serves to replenish underground water. Experimental section of this technological scheme was designed and built in the region of water intake in Brest (Belarus), on which were carried out hydrogeological surveys. Based on the above results, it was suggested to use the energy of the water flow in a water-inject well to convert it into electrical energy. A method for artificial groundwater recharge, which simultaneously allows groundwater recharge to the target groundwater without expending energy, generation of electricity using the power of the water flow and produces high quality water through the use of ozonation, which serves to replenish the groundwater was proposed. This is achieved through the use of hydraulic ram pump water-lifting devices, combined with electric generators, and a device for water purification such as an ozone generator. The proposed scheme and well design also allows the removal of iron and manganese from underground water and can be organized by two options, depending on the water source.

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