Oil Spill Modeling towards the Close of the 20th Century: Overview of the State of the Art

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Reed ◽  
Øistein Johansen ◽  
Per Johan Brandvik ◽  
Per Daling ◽  
Alun Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Oil Spill Modeling

ADVANCE PLANNING FOR DISPERSANT USE/NON-USE

1985 ◽  
Vol 1985 (1) ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Advance Planning ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT Guidelines are suggested for advance planning for the use or non-use of dispersants to combat oil spills. These guidelines are intended to expedite the decision to use dispersants in the event of an oil spill, where that will minimize environmental damage. These guidelines can be applied readily to any geographical area to answer the following questions: (1) Are there locations where dispersant application should normally be allowed? (2) In these locations, what rate of dispersant application should be allowed? (3) Are there locations where dispersant application should normally be avoided? The logic behind these guidelines is explained so that exceptions can be identified and so that changes in the guidelines can be made as advances are made in the state of the art. These guidelines provide for control over dispersant usage while allowing application (in most instances) at rates which can disperse floating oil effectively.

scholarly journals Australian message sticks: Old questions, new directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-152
Author(s):  
Piers Kelly
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Graphic Communication ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Museum Archives

Message sticks are tools of graphic communication, once used across the Australian continent. While their styles vary, a typical message stick is a flattened or cylindrical length of wood with motifs engraved on all sides. Carried by special messengers over long distances, their motifs were intended to complement a verbally produced communication such as an invitation, a declaration of war, or news of a death. It was only in the late 1880s that message sticks first became a subject of formal anthropological enquiry at a time when the practice was already in steep transition; very little original research has been published in the 20th century and beyond. In this article, the author reviews colonial efforts to understand these objects, as recorded in documentary and museum archives, and describes transformations of message stick communication in contemporary settings. He summarizes the state-of-the-art in message stick research and identifies the still unanswered questions concerning their origins, adaptations and significance.

scholarly journals Rational design of materials interface at nanoscale towards intelligent oil–water separation

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzheng Ge ◽  
Chunyan Cao ◽  
Jianying Huang ◽  
Xinnan Zhang ◽  
Yuxin Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Emulsified Oil ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

Oil–water separation is critical for the water treatment of oily wastewater or oil-spill accidents. In this review, we present the state-of-the-art developments in the rational design of materials at the nanoscale with special wettability for separation of immiscible/emulsified oil–water mixtures.

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