Chapter 17 Intraoperative recording of the very fast oscillatory activities evoked by median nerve stimulation in the human thalamus

2006 ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
R. Hanajima ◽  
R. Chen ◽  
Peter Ashby ◽  
A.M. Lozano ◽  
W.D. Hutchison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Median Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Human Thalamus ◽  
Intraoperative Recording

Very Fast Oscillations Evoked by Median Nerve Stimulation in the Human Thalamus and Subthalamic Nucleus

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 3171-3182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritsuko Hanajima ◽  
Robert Chen ◽  
Peter Ashby ◽  
Andres M. Lozano ◽  
William D. Hutchison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Medial Lemniscus ◽  
Median Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Human Thalamus ◽  
Sensory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Sensory Evoked ◽  
Fast Oscillations ◽  
Low Amplitude

Very fast oscillations (VFOs; 500–1,500 Hz) are associated with sensory-evoked potentials (SEPs), but their origin is unknown. To characterize the origins of VFOs, we studied 35 patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes [15 with thalamic and 20 with the subthalamic nucleus (STN) electrodes]. We recorded median nerve stimulation–evoked SEPs from the thalamus and STN with microelectrodes during stereotactic surgery and from the contacts of the DBS electrodes postoperatively. We also examined the firing of individual neurons in thalamus in relation to the VFOs. In the thalamus, VFOs with frequencies around 1,000 Hz were superimposed on slow potentials. Both slow and fast SEP components showed phase reversals in the somatosensory thalamus [ventralis caudalis (Vc)]. Median nerve poststimulus time histograms showed that single thalamic neurons fired at preferred times at intervals between 0.8 to 1.2 ms that were synchronous with the VFOs, although the neurons fired only once or a few times per trial. In the STN, low-amplitude SEPs with VFOs were observed at a latency similar to the thalamic SEPs. The VFOs from STN probably represent volume conduction, possibly from the medial lemniscus. We conclude that the thalamic VFOs are generated within Vc and that they induce time-locked firing in a network of neurons.

Recovery of peripheral and central responses to median nerve stimulation

1988 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo C. Reisin ◽  
Douglas S. Goodin ◽  
Michael J. Aminoff ◽  
Mary M. Mantle
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Median Nerve Stimulation

scholarly journals Median nerve stimulation induces analgesia via orexin-initiated endocannabinoid disinhibition in the periaqueductal gray

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (45) ◽  
pp. E10720-E10729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Hung Chen ◽  
Hsin-Jung Lee ◽  
Ming Tatt Lee ◽  
Ya-Ting Wu ◽  
Yen-Hsien Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Periaqueductal Gray ◽  
Orexin A ◽  
Median Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Opioid Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Nociceptive Responses

Adequate pain management remains an unmet medical need. We previously revealed an opioid-independent analgesic mechanism mediated by orexin 1 receptor (OX1R)-initiated 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) signaling in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG). Here, we found that low-frequency median nerve stimulation (MNS) through acupuncture needles at the PC6 (Neiguan) acupoint (MNS-PC6) induced an antinociceptive effect that engaged this mechanism. In mice, MNS-PC6 reduced acute thermal nociceptive responses and neuropathy-induced mechanical allodynia, increased the number of c-Fos–immunoreactive hypothalamic orexin neurons, and led to higher orexin A and lower GABA levels in the vlPAG. Such responses were not seen in mice with PC6 needle insertion only or electrical stimulation of the lateral deltoid, a nonmedian nerve-innervated location. Directly stimulating the surgically exposed median nerve also increased vlPAG orexin A levels. MNS-PC6–induced antinociception (MNS-PC6-IA) was prevented by proximal block of the median nerve with lidocaine as well as by systemic or intravlPAG injection of an antagonist of OX1Rs or cannabinoid 1 receptors (CB1Rs) but not by opioid receptor antagonists. Systemic blockade of OX1Rs or CB1Rs also restored vlPAG GABA levels after MNS-PC6. A cannabinoid (2-AG)-dependent mechanism was also implicated by the observations that MNS-PC6-IA was prevented by intravlPAG inhibition of 2-AG synthesis and was attenuated inCnr1−/−mice. These findings suggest that PC6-targeting low-frequency MNS activates hypothalamic orexin neurons, releasing orexins to induce analgesia through a CB1R-dependent cascade mediated by OX1R-initiated 2-AG retrograde disinhibition in the vlPAG. The opioid-independent characteristic of MNS-PC6–induced analgesia may provide a strategy for pain management in opioid-tolerant patients.

Differential effects of stimulus intensity on peripheral and neuromagnetic cortical responses to median nerve stimulation

NeuroImage ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 909-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Yang Lin ◽  
Yang-Hsin Shih ◽  
Jen-Tse Chen ◽  
Jen-Chuen Hsieh ◽  
Tzu-Chen Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Median Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Cortical Responses
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