In-vitro scolicidal activity of Mallotus philippinensis (Lam.) Muell Arg. fruit glandular hair extract against hydatid cyst Echinococcus granulosus

Hydatidosis is characterized by the long-term coexistence of larvaEchinococcus granulosusand its host without effective rejection. Previous studies demonstrated nitric oxide (NO) production (in vivo and in vitro) during hydatidosis. In this study, we investigated the direct in vitro effects of NO species: nitrite (NO2−), nitrate (NO3−) and peroxynitrite (ONOO−) on protoscolices (PSCs) viability and hydatid cyst layers integrity for 24 hours and 48 hours. Our results showed protoscolicidal activity ofNO2−andONOO−24 hours and 3 hours after treatment with 320 μM and 80 μM respectively. Degenerative effects were observed on germinal and laminated layers. The comparison of the in vitro effects of NO species on the PSCs viability indicated thatONOO−is more cytotoxic thanNO2−. In contrast,NO3−has no effect. These results suggest possible involvement ofNO2−andONOO−in antihydatic action and point the efficacy of these metabolites as scolicidal agents.

Download Full-text

Kunitz type protease inhibitor EgKI-1 from the canine tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus as a promising anti-cancer therapeutic

10.1101/357590 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Shiwanthi L Ranasinghe ◽

Glen M Boyle ◽

Katja Fischer ◽

Jeremy Potriquet ◽

Jason P Mulvenna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Growth ◽

Protease Inhibitor ◽

Hydatid Cyst ◽

Echinococcus Granulosus ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Kunitz Type ◽

Kunitz Type Protease Inhibitor

AbstractEgKI-1, a member of the Kunitz type protease inhibitor family, is highly expressed by the oncosphere of the canine tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, the stage that is infectious to humans and ungulates, giving rise to a hydatid cyst localized to the liver and other organs. Larval protoscoleces, which develop within the hydatid cyst, have been shown to possess anti-cancer properties, although the precise molecules involved have not been identified. We show that recombinant EgKI-1 inhibits the growth and migration of a range of human cancers including breast, melanoma and cervical cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner in vitro without affecting normal cell growth. Furthermore, EgKI-1 treatment arrested the cancer cell growth by disrupting the cell cycle and induced apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro. An in vivo model of triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) in BALB/c nude mice showed significant tumor growth reduction in EgKI-1-treated mice compared with controls. These findings indicate that EgKI-1 shows promise for future development as an anti-cancer therapeutic.

Download Full-text

Echinococcus granulosus: developmentin vitrofrom oncosphere to immature hydatid cyst

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000047089 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 417-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

D. D. Heath ◽

S. B. Lawrence

Keyword(s):

Hydatid Cyst ◽

Echinococcus Granulosus ◽

Amorphous Layer ◽

Proliferating Cells ◽

Mean Diameter

Echinococcus granulosuscysts were culturedin vitrofrom the oncosphere, and cyst morphogenesis is described. Cysts grew to a mean diameter of 16 mm in 120 days, with a maximum of 20 mm. An amorphous layer was apparent around the larvae during early post-oncospheral re-organization. Organisms became vesicular at 6 days and laminations appeared in the amorphous layer at 10 days. Confluence of proliferating cells to form the syncytium of the germinal membrane was observed.

Download Full-text

Comparative cytotoxicity of secondary hydatid cysts, protoscoleces, and in vitro developed microcysts of Echinococcus granulosus

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x00012700 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 124-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

D. Janssen ◽

A. Osuna ◽

J. Lazuen ◽

P. H. De Rycke

Keyword(s):

Hydatid Cyst ◽

Echinococcus Granulosus ◽

Peritoneal Macrophages ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Hydatid Cysts ◽

Trypan Blue Exclusion ◽

Trypan Blue Exclusion Test ◽

Concomitant Immunity ◽

Immunological Reactions

ABSTRACTInfection with the metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus is characterized by a concomitant immunity. Survival of established and developing hydatid cysts in the intermediate host implies a mechanism to modulate its immunological reactions. In order to investigate this mechanism, secondary hydatid cysts were isolated from intraperitoneally infected laboratory white mice (strain NMRI) 12 months p.i. A number of hydatid cysts were freed from the surrounding host adventitial tissue. Monolayer cultures of non-stimulated peritoneal macrophages of NMRI mice were prepared and incubated in the presence of the hydatid cysts. By means of a trypan blue exclusion test and by measuring the incorporation of tritium labelled uridine, it was found that the presence of hydatid cysts reduced the viability of the macrophages in vitro. Toxic substances are probably secreted since the medium of cultured hydatid cysts also displayed cytotoxic activity. Hydatid cysts with adventitia, as well as culture medium of those cysts, were less toxic. When toxins, partially purified from hydatid cyst fluid, were previously incubated on a collagen coated surface, a reduced level of toxicity was found, suggesting that collagen of the host adventitia may play a role in controlling the liberation of toxins by the hydatid cyst. Virtually no toxicity was exerted by protoscoleces or by the medium of cultured protoscoleces, in contrast to in vitro vesiculated protoscoleces (so called microcysts). The results reveal a novel feature of hydatid cysts that may play a role in the survival of the parasite in the immunized host.

Download Full-text

In vitro lethal effect of Zingiber officinale R. on protoscolices of hydatid cyst from sheep liver

Microbiology Research ◽

10.4081/mr.2011.e25 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 25 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mohammad Moazeni ◽

Ali Nazer

Keyword(s):

Hydatid Cyst ◽

Echinococcus Granulosus ◽

Hydatid Disease ◽

Cystic Echinococcosis ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Lethal Effect ◽

Ginger Extract ◽

Scolicidal Agent

Cystic echinococcosis (Hydatid disease) is a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus. The aim of this study, was to evaluate the scolicidal activity of methanolic extract of Zingiber officinale (Rosc.) family Zingibe - raceae, against protoscolices of hydatid cyst. Protoscolices were collected aseptically from sheep livers containing hydatid cyst and were exposed to different concentrations of ginger extract for various exposure times. Scolicidal activity of Z. officinale extract at concentration of 25 mg/mL was 25.6%, 39.1%, 56.7%, 83.7%, 98.1% and 100% after 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min of exposure respectively. Scolicidal effect of this extract at concentration of 50 mg/mL was 52%, 85.8 %, 99.6% and 100% after 10, 20, 30 and 40 min of exposure respectively. Z. officinale extract at concentration of 100 mg/mL killed 76.5 %, 87% and 100 % of protoscolices after 10, 20 and 30 min respectivly. The results of this study showed that the methanolic extract of Z. officinale has high scolicidal activity and might be used as a natural scolicidal agent.

Download Full-text

Study the effect of the mixture aquatic extract of Peganum harmala seeds and Pericarp of Punica granutum on viability of protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus in vitro and in vivo

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.9.2.200-206 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 200-206

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Hydatid Cyst ◽

Echinococcus Granulosus ◽

Negative Group ◽

Peganum Harmala ◽

Positive Group

This study included the preparation of the mixture aquatic extracts of Peganum harmala seeds and Pericarp of Punica granutum at concentration (10+50) ?(15+55)? (20+60) mgml .To study the influence of the mixture on the percentage of vitality of the protoscolices of E. granulosus In vitro, as the vitality of protoscolices had caused complete death when the using concentration at time 120,90,60 minute respectively. Also study the effect of mixture in white mice with infectious protoscolices In vivo and study the change occurred in the averages of the weights of the liver and spleen and the averages of its distension In vivo in processed group with mixture at concentration (15+55) , (10+50)mgml ,as which was approach to the negative group and the lowering significantly of these average occurred in processed groups with mixture and about of the positive group this study at appeared the possibility of using the mixture it a capability of the mixture which caused to the prohibition of the development of the protoscolices to the secondary hydatid cyst .

Download Full-text