Morgenbesser’s Coin

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-328
Author(s):  
Yael Loewenstein
Keyword(s):  
Compelling Reason ◽  
Causal Independence ◽  
Coin Tossing ◽  
Reductive Analysis

AbstractBefore a fair, indeterministic coin is tossed, Lucky, who is causally isolated from the coin-tossing mechanism, declines to bet on heads. The coin lands heads. The consensus is that the following counterfactual is true:(M:) If Lucky had bet heads, he would have won the bet.It is also widely believed that to rule (M) true, any plausible semantics for counterfactuals must invoke causal independence. But if that’s so, the hope of giving a reductive analysis of causation in terms of counterfactuals is undermined. Here I argue that there is compelling reason to question the assumption that (M) is true.

Indirect measurements in micro-space with the EM

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 598-599
Author(s):  
Sterling P. Newberry
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Storage Space ◽  
Indirect Measurements ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
Compelling Reason ◽  
The Standard Model

At the 1958 meeting of our society, then known as EMSA, the author introduced the concept of microspace and suggested its use to provide adequate information storage space and the use of electron microscope techniques to provide storage and retrieval access. At this current meeting of MSA, he wishes to suggest an additional use of the power of the electron microscope.The author has been contemplating this new use for some time and would have suggested it in the EMSA fiftieth year commemorative volume, but for page limitations. There is compelling reason to put forth this suggestion today because problems have arisen in the “Standard Model” of particle physics and funds are being greatly reduced just as we need higher energy machines to resolve these problems. Therefore, any techniques which complement or augment what we can accomplish during this austerity period with the machines at hand is worth exploring.

The Failure of Conceptual Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer McKitrick
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Possible Worlds ◽  
Causal Power ◽  
Possible Worlds Semantics ◽  
Conditional Statements ◽  
Reductive Analysis

Dispositions are often regarded with suspicion. Consequently, some philosophers try to semantically reduce disposition ascriptions to sentences containing only non-dispositional vocabulary. Typically, reductionists attempt to analyze disposition ascriptions in terms of conditional statements. These conditional statements, like other modal claims, are often interpreted in terms of possible worlds semantics. However, conditional analyses are subject to a number of problems and counterexamples, including random coincidences, void satisfaction, masks, antidotes, mimics, altering, and finks. Some analyses fail to reduce disposition ascriptions to non-modal vocabulary. If reductive analysis of disposition ascriptions fails, then perhaps there can be metaphysical reduction of dispositions without semantic reduction. However, the reductionist still owes us an account of what makes disposition ascriptions true. But to posit a causal power for every unreduced dispositional predicate is an overreaction to the failure of conceptual analysis.

Runs in Coin Tossing: Randomness Revealed

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey C. Berresford
Keyword(s):  
Coin Tossing

Ethical Basis for Repealing Religious Exemptions From Child Abuse Statutes

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-652
Author(s):  
NANCY S. JECKER
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Moral Argument ◽  
Compelling Reason ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Medical Neglect ◽  
Recent Statement ◽  
Ethical Basis

In a recent statement, the American Academy of peatrics' Committee on Bioethics maintained that "all child abuse, neglect, and medical neglect statutes should be applied without potential or actual exemption from religious beliefs." The AAP recommendation should be hailed. But sufficient attention should also be paid to the justification for it in philosophical and moral argument. This will ensure that the recommendation is followed in the long run, by providing physicians and others with a compelling reason to challenge present statutes that oppose it.

scholarly journals Coin Tossing is Strictly Weaker than Bit Commitment

1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (25) ◽  
pp. 5382-5384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Kent
Keyword(s):  
Bit Commitment ◽  
Coin Tossing

Xerxes' hubris and Darius in Aeschylus' Persae

Mnemosyne ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loukas Papadimitropoulos Priestley
Keyword(s):  
Compelling Reason ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis paper discusses lines 60-3 of Alcman's Partheneion 1. It contends that there is no compelling reason to accept the scholiast Sosiphanes' claim that the ϕαρoς is a plough. It also argues that Alcman's style elsewhere in the poem and the way that the formula νυκτα δι' αμβρoσíην is used in Homer suggest that ατε σηριoν αστρo;ν does not refer to ταì Πεληαδες, but to ϕαρoς. When the syntax is interpreted in this way, it seems probable that the ϕαρoς is indeed a robe (rather than a plough): comparisons of robes to stars are found in both the Iliad and the Odyssey and comparisons of robes to the heavens are found outside of Homer. In addition, Homeric comparisons of armour and weaponry to stars may help to explain the passage's otherwise perplexing use of martial imagery.

Optimally-secure Coin-tossing against a Byzantine Adversary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Amini Khorasgani ◽  
Hemanta K. Maji ◽  
Mingyuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Coin Tossing
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