scholarly journals Labor Unrest and Incipient Collective Bargaining in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 159-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarosh Kuruvilla ◽  
Hao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Future ◽  
Political Process Theory ◽  
Chinese Workers

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we argue that both labor unrest and collective bargaining are increasing in China. Using McAdam's political process theory, we argue that Chinese workers are striking more and offensively in support of their economic demands. We identify the state's interests in promoting collective bargaining, and through an analysis of union and employers’ organizations, attempt to predict the future trajectory of collective bargaining in China. Using new data about strikes, we confirm our argument that strikes in China are increasing. Based on very limited past and current research, we create a taxonomy of baseline collective bargaining in China against which future developments can be compared.

Activist Christians, the Human Rights Movement, and Democratization in Latin America

2020 ◽  
pp. 216-236
Author(s):  
Nick Rowell
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Political Process ◽  
National Level ◽  
Church Leaders ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Human Rights Movement ◽  
Political Process Theory

This chapter is a critical literature review of recent social science research describing and analyzing the participation of Christian churches in various phases of the human rights movement in Latin America. Spanning the period from 1964 to the present, such human rights activism took place in the contexts of authoritarian rule, civil war, democratic transitions, and the consolidation of democracy. The chapter focuses on the influence of Christian church leaders, laity, organizations, and resources on the origins, growth, and maturation of human rights-oriented social movement organizations (SMOs). Drawing on Douglas McAdam, Sidney Tarrow, and Charles Tilly’s work on political process theory, this literature emphasizes the invaluable role of religious organizations in providing space, resources, protection, and framing to nascent human rights movements in the region during the 1960s-70s. Even so, the literature also grapples with the diverse range of political stances taken by Christian church leaders and activists, both within and across national-level cases. With the maturation of the movement and the transition to democracy, political process theory remained relevant, but failed to capture some of the key challenges and opportunities experienced by Christian activists, as opposed to social activists in general. Thus, scholarship shifted focus to organized religion’s capacity to build social capital and sustain meaningful Christian social and human rights activism.

Comparative political process theory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Gardbaum
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Normative Theory ◽  
Representative Democracy ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Political Process Theory

Abstract What, if anything, do recent constitutional court decisions requiring a legislature to create a customized presidential impeachment procedure, invalidating a government’s prorogation of parliament, rejecting the disbanding of an independent anticorruption unit, and striking down legislation for inadequate deliberation have in common? They are all examples of courts protecting the political processes of representative democracy against threats or failures. Yet none of these various types of failure appear in the work that is synonymous with a political process theory of judicial review: John Hart Ely’s Democracy and Distrust. This article argues that when we look beyond the United States and at the comparative context generally, a political process theory has a great deal of relevance and application to constitutional law and courts around the world, both descriptively and normatively. Especially now when the structures and processes of representative democracy are under assault in so many places. However, for comparative purposes, Ely’s account takes too narrow a view of what types of political process failures exist and are of concern, and what types of judicial review or other protective mechanisms they may call for. It is also an interpretive theory of one system, but what is needed in the comparative context is a broader, normative theory of the role of courts and other actors in protecting democratic politics. Accordingly, suitably expanded and adapted, a comparative political process theory can make a valuable contribution to the field of comparative constitutional law. This article seeks to explore and further develop such a theory.

The Puzzling Resistance to Political Process Theory

1991 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Klarman
Keyword(s):  
Political Process ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Political Process Theory
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