Philippine Collaboration in World War II. By David Joel Steinberg. (Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1967. Pp. 235. $7.50.)

This article examines the World War I service of the University of Michigan historian Ulrich Bonnell Phillips (1877–1934). Phillips worked first with black recruits as a volunteer officer for the Young Men's Christian Association at Camp Gordon, Georgia, and later as a U.S. Army Military Intelligence officer in Washington, DC. In these years, Phillips ranked as America's foremost authority on the antebellum South generally and of African American slavery in particular. In 1918 he published his landmarkAmerican Negro Slavery. While on leave from Ann Arbor, Phillips taught English and French, planned educational and recreational programs, and supervised the management and construction of buildings at Camp Gordon's segregated facilities. Phillips's daily interactions with black troops in the cantonment reaffirmed—at least as he saw it—his conclusions that North American slavery had been a relatively benign institution, his belief in the virtues of plantation paternalism and in the management of subject peoples by educated whites, and his attitude that contemporary race relations were generally harmonious. Phillips's observations of African American recruits validated his conviction that blacks benefited most from white-run, regimented organizations and strengthened his belief in economic assimilation and social segregation. His military intelligence work confirmed Phillips's overall commitment to conservative change, whether in foreign or race relations.

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Generational Change and the Decline of Party Identification in America: 1952–1974

American Political Science Review ◽

10.2307/1959651 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 469-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Paul R. Abramson

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

World War Ii ◽

Party Identification ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

University Of Michigan ◽

Wide Spread ◽

World War ◽

Generational Change ◽

Partisan Identification ◽

The University

A large and growing proportion of Americans claims to be neither Republican nor Democratic, and partisan independence is most wide-spread among young adults. A time-series cohort analysis of eleven surveys conducted by the Survey Research Center of the University of Michigan between 1952 and 1974 strongly suggests that the low level of partisan identification among young adults results largely from fundamental differences between their socialization and that of their elders. The overall decline in party identification results largely from generational change. High levels of partisan identification persist among persons who entered the electorate before World War II, but among those who entered the electorate more recently levels of identification are low. The analysis strongly suggests that overall levels of party identification will continue to decline, and permits examination of one process by which party loyalties among mass electorates gradually are transformed.

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The Linguistic Society of America and North American Linguistics, 1950–1968

Historiographia Linguistica ◽

10.1075/hl.18.1.04hil ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 49-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Archibald A. Hill

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

World War Ii ◽

North America ◽

North American ◽

The United States ◽

University Of Michigan ◽

World War ◽

Post World War Ii ◽

The University ◽

Annual Summer

Summary The author, Secretary-Treasurer of the Linguistic Society of America during the crucial phase of the post-World War II growth of linguistics as an autonomous academic speciality, 1950–1968, reports on the events that shaped the LSA and the discipline in North America in general. Whereas the Society counted only 829 members, individual and institutional, in 1950, the total number had risen to 4,375 by 1968. The author narrates, in a year-by-year manner, the acitivities that held the Society together during this period and furthered the exchange of ideas among the different generations of linguists, namely, (1) the annual meetings, traditionally held at the end of December, at which both established scholars and fledgling researchers presented papers and had them discussed; (2) the annual summer institutes, first held for a number of years in a row at the University of Michigan and subsequently at several other campuses in the United States, and (3) the publication of Language, the Society’s organ, ably edited by Bernard Bloch from 1941 until his death in 1965.

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Science in the Age of Invincible Surmise

Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences ◽

10.1525/hsns.2021.51.2.179 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 179-208

Author(s):

Joseph D. Martin

Keyword(s):

World War Ii ◽

Nuclear Research ◽

Government Support ◽

University Of Michigan ◽

World War ◽

Physical Sciences ◽

Post World War Ii ◽

Research Initiative ◽

Government Secrecy ◽

The University

The Michigan Memorial–Phoenix Project at the University of Michigan was an unusual specimen of the post–World War II nuclear research initiative. Its origins were modest; it sprang from a student-led effort to construct a living war memorial—a mission it maintained even as it grew into a peaceful-atom program. Rather than taking advantage of the copious government support for scientific research available after World War II, it drew funds from Michigan alumni and from industry, based on the conviction that these routes offered greater possibility of academic freedom. And its architects conceived of nuclear research unusually broadly, including not just the physical sciences and engineering, but also the biological, social, and human sciences, law, education, medicine, and other areas. These ways in which the Phoenix Project was exceptional nevertheless tell us much about how it was exemplary. The optimism that animated the project contrasts with widespread and well-documented currents of nuclear fear, but indicates a stable vein of nuclear optimism in the early post–World War II era. The suspicion of government secrecy regimes harbored by its founders led them to pursue unorthodox patronage relationships for a nuclear research initiative, which nevertheless reveals the flexibility of the contemporary funding context. And the project’s unusually broad notion of nuclear research indicates the local flexibility of nuclearity in the late 1940s and early 1950s. This paper is part of a special issue entitled “Revealing the Michigan Memorial–Phoenix Project.”

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ROBERT E. WARD

Political Science and Politics ◽

10.1017/s1049096510000399 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 43 (02) ◽

pp. 379-380

Author(s):

Ralph J. Gerson

Keyword(s):

World War Ii ◽

Political Science ◽

University Of California ◽

Professor Emeritus ◽

International Studies ◽

Stanford University ◽

University Of Michigan ◽

World War ◽

Japanese Studies ◽

The University

Professor Emeritus Robert E. Ward of Stanford University died at the age of 93 on December 7, 2009, in Portola Valley, California. Dr. Ward was a professor of political science and the first director of the Center for Research in International Studies at Stanford University from 1973 to 1987. He was also a senior fellow of the Hoover Institution. Dr. Ward received his B.A. degree from Stanford University in 1936 and his Ph.D. from the University of California (Berkeley) in 1948. During World War II, he served in U.S. Naval Intelligence, receiving the Legion of Merit award. From 1948 to 1973, Dr. Ward was on the faculty of the University of Michigan. Professor Ward joined the Stanford faculty in 1973, serving as a professor of political science from 1973 to 1987 and Director of the Center for Japanese Studies from 1965 to 1968 and 1971 to 1973.

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