scholarly journals Leadership Competition and Disagreement at Party National Congresses

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Greene ◽  
Matthias Haber
Keyword(s):  
Text Classification ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Preference Heterogeneity ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Intraparty Politics ◽  
Automated Text Classification ◽  
Relative Preferences ◽  
Party Congress

Theories often explain intraparty competition based on electoral conditions and intraparty rules. This article further opens this black box by considering intraparty statements of preferences. In particular, it predicts that intraparty preference heterogeneity increases after electoral losses, but that candidates deviating from the party’s median receive fewer intraparty votes. Party members grant candidates greater leeway to accommodate competing policy demands when in government. The study tests the hypotheses using a new database of party congress speeches from Germany and France, and uses automated text classification to estimate speakers’ relative preferences. The results demonstrate that speeches at party meetings provide valuable insights into actors’ preferences and intraparty politics. The article finds evidence of a complex relationship between the governing context, the economy and intraparty disagreement.

scholarly journals Semi-automated text classification

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Text Classification ◽  
Automated Text Classification

Multidimensional Text Warehousing for Automated Text Classification

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-183
Author(s):  
Jiyun Kim ◽  
Han-joon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Text Classification ◽  
Document Retrieval ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Data Organization ◽  
Order Tensor ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Data Manipulation ◽  
Textual Representation ◽  
Automated Text Classification ◽  
Effective Analysis

This article describes how, in the era of big data, a data warehouse is an integrated multidimensional database that provides the basis for the decision making required to establish crucial business strategies. Efficient, effective analysis requires a data organization system that integrates and manages data of various dimensions. However, conventional data warehousing techniques do not consider the various data manipulation operations required for data-mining activities. With the current explosion of text data, much research has examined text (or document) repositories to support text mining and document retrieval. Therefore, this article presents a method of developing a text warehouse that provides a machine-learning-based text classification service. The document is represented as a term-by-concept matrix using a 3rd-order tensor-based textual representation model, which emphasizes the meaning of words occurring in the document. As a result, the proposed text warehouse makes it possible to develop a semantic Naïve Bayes text classifier only by executing appropriate SQL statements.

scholarly journals Deep Text Classification Can be Fooled

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liang ◽  
Hongcheng Li ◽  
Miaoqiang Su ◽  
Pan Bian ◽  
Xirong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Text Classification ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Text Classifiers ◽  
The Cost

In this paper, we present an effective method to craft text adversarial samples, revealing one important yet underestimated fact that DNN-based text classifiers are also prone to adversarial sample attack. Specifically, confronted with different adversarial scenarios, the text items that are important for classification are identified by computing the cost gradients of the input (white-box attack) or generating a series of occluded test samples (black-box attack). Based on these items, we design three perturbation strategies, namely insertion, modification, and removal, to generate adversarial samples. The experiment results show that the adversarial samples generated by our method can successfully fool both state-of-the-art character-level and word-level DNN-based text classifiers. The adversarial samples can be perturbed to any desirable classes without compromising their utilities. At the same time, the introduced perturbation is difficult to be perceived.

De lijstensamenstelling in de BSP

Res Publica ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 373-385
Author(s):  
Jan Ceuleers
Keyword(s):  
Political Party ◽  
Socialist Party ◽  
Candidate List ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
Members Of Parliament ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Age Limit ◽  
Party Congress

Until 1971 the Belgian Socialist Party (BSP) was the only political, party that closely and systematically involved its members in the designation of socialist candidates for parliamentary elections. This was achieved through a system of pre-elections within the party («polling»).The trend away from «polling», already perceptible in 1971, has asserted itself in 1974. Hardly 56 % of the elected members of Parliament owe their seat to their place on the candidate-list at the «poll».More than 40 % of them were designated by a party-congress. This change is noticeably true in Flanders.Nevertheless the choice between a «poll» and a congress as a  decisionmaking technique is not relevant as to the renewal of parliamentary groups. This renewal is mainly due to the introduction of an age-limit (65) and of a gain in seats. Research also showed a growing lack of interest of party members in the composition of candidate-lists : participation has again slightly declined.

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