Parasitoids of the African stem borer, Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in South Africa

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Kfir
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Busseola Fusca ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Larval Parasitoids ◽  
Larval Parasitoid ◽  
Pupal Parasitoids ◽  
Pupal Parasitism ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Trichogrammatoidea Lutea

AbstractEighteen parasitoids were recorded from the African stem borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller), on maize and grain sorghum, in Delmas and Cedara, South Africa. In Delmas, larval parasitism on both crops fluctuated below 20% with occasional peaks of 40–60%. In Cedara, larval parasitoids were active throughout the season with peaks of 75% and 60% parasitism during January and March-April, respectively on the ratoon crop, and 20% in May on the crop. Pupal parasitism peaked in Cedara at 100% during February-March, and at 80% during November, when parasitoids attacked pupae that formed after B. fusca larvae had emerged from diapause and pupated. In Delmas activity by pupal parasitoids was negligible. The egg parasitoids, Telenomus busseolae Gahan (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) and Trichogrammatoidea lutea Girault (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), were rare. The larval parasitoid, Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), was active throughout the season and was by far the most abundant, emerging from about 90% of parasitized larvae. Its cocoons were often attacked by Aphanogmus fijiensis (Ferrière) (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae). Second in abundance among the larval parasitoids was Bracon sesamiae Cameron (Braconidae) whose cocoons were attacked in turn by Eurytoma braconidis Ferrière (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae). Eurytoma braconidis was reared also from cocoons of Euvipio sp. and Aleiodes sp. (both Braconidae). All other larval parasitoids were rare. Procerochasmias nigromaculatus (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) was the most abundant pupal parasitoid. Trichogrammatoidea lutea, Glyptapanteles maculitarsis (Cameron) (Braconidae) and Odontepyris transvaalensis (De Buysson) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) have not been recorded before from B. fusca. Some considerations and proposals for introductions of parasitoids into South Africa against B. fusca are discussed.

Studies on the maize stem borer, Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its major parasitoid, Dolichogenidea fuscivora (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), in eastern Ethiopia

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yitaferu ◽  
A. K. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Busseola Fusca ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Single Female ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Larval Parasitoid ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractStudies on the lepidopterous stem borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller) and its major larval parasitoid, Dolichogenidea fuscivora Walker were carried out in the field and the laboratory in eastern Ethiopia. Larvae of B. fusca are also parasitized in the field by the braconid, Bracon sesamiae Cameron and the sarcophagid, Sarcophaga sp., but in low numbers. Parasitism of B. fusca by D. fuscivora is as high as 71% during the dry season (November-March) and approximately 18% in the wet season (June-September). Dolichogenidea fuscivora is active throughout the year. In the laboratory it requires nearly 26 days at 24 ± 1°C to complete the development of one generation (egg to egg laying). Longevity of adults is affected by the availability of food and water. Mating and oviposition reduced the life spans of males and females, respectively. Sixty five to 75 larvae emerged from eggs laid by a single female. The sex ratio ranged from 1:1 to 7:1 (female:male), the average being 5:1.

scholarly journals Distribution and extent of Cotesia Flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Parasitism in Northeastern Ethiopia

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. IJIS.S11009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmare Dejen ◽  
Emana Getu ◽  
Ferdu Azerefegne ◽  
Amare Ayalew
Keyword(s):  
Busseola Fusca ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Cotesia Flavipes ◽  
Stem Borers ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Larval Parasitoid

The distribution and extent of parasitism of Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on stem borer species attacking maize and sorghum were assessed in three zones of northeastern Ethiopia. Cotesia flavipes was found to be the key larval parasitoid of cereal stem borer species in all areas surveyed. This parasitoid has been introduced into several African countries for the control of Chilo partellus in maize and sorghum, but it has never been released in Ethiopia. The survey results indicated that the distribution and extent of parasitism of Cot. flavipes followed the distribution and severity of its suitable host, C. partellus. A Cotesia flavipes parasitism rate of between 33% and 82% was recorded in sub-moist warm (lowland) AEZs of all zones. In contrast, a parasitism rate of less than 6% was recorded in moist, cool highland areas where Busseola fusca was the predominant species. Cotesia flavipes caused lower rate of parasitism on stem borers in maize (up to 72%) than that of sorghum (up to 82%) in the three zones. In summary, high rates of parasitism of Cot. flavipes were recorded in lowland areas where C. partellus was the dominant borer species and low rates of parasitism were recorded in highland areas where B. fusca was the predominant species. Cotesia flavipes caused the highest parasitism (82%) on C. partellus. This result verified that Cot. flavipes contributed to the reduction of C. partellus population in lowlands, regardless of the zone, and its rate of parasitism varied between crop stages, crop types, elevations, host, and host stages. Findings of this study have particularly relevant information on the contribution of Cot. flavipes to the population reduction of stem borers, time or stage of its occurrence in relation to host stages and crop stages, and its distribution in relation to the availability of a suitable host across each zone. In conclusion, this larval parasitoid plays an important role in reducing stem borer populations and can be used as one component of integrated stem borer management in northeastern Ethiopia.

Resistance to Bt Maize in Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From Vaalharts, South Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kruger ◽  
J.B.J. Van Rensburg ◽  
J. Van Den Berg
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Busseola Fusca ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Busseola fusca. [Distribution map].

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Busseola Fusca ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Stalk Borer ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Busseola fusca (Fuller) [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae] Maize stalk borer. Attacks maize, sorghum, millet, sugarcane. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Angola, Benin, Burkina, Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document