A method for determining the degree of humification of soil organic matter

1925 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Robinson ◽  
J. O. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Soluble State

(1) Hydrogen peroxide oxidises or renders soluble a portion of the organic matter of soils. It appears to be without action on fibrous organic substances such as cellulose and lignins. Humified material seems to be oxidised completely or brought into a water soluble state.(2) Treatment with hydrogen peroxide is proposed as the basis of a method for estimating the approximate degree of humification of soil organic matter.(3) Among the soils examined, the highest degree of humification is found in peats and uncultivated soils. It is possible that the degree of humification is correlated with the prevalence of anaerobic conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Doses of Nutrients on Changes of Soil Organic Matter in Rendzic Leptosol

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Vladimír Šimanský ◽  
Erika Tobiašová
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract The effect of different doses of NPK fertilizer on the changes in quantity and quality of soil organic matter (SOM) in Rendzic Leptosol was evaluated. Soil samples were taken from three treatments of different fertilization: (1) control - without fertilization, (2) NPK 1 - doses of NPK fertilizer in 1st degree intensity for vine, and (3) NPK 3 - doses of NPK fertilizer in 3rd degree intensity for vine in the vineyard. Soil samples were collected in years 2008-2011 during the spring. The higher dose of NPK fertilizer (3rd degree intensity of vineyards fertilization) was responsible for the higher content of labile carbon (by 21% in 0-0.3 m and by 11% as average of the two depths 0-0.3 m and 0.3-0.6 m). However, by application of a higher dose of NPK (1.39%) in comparison to no fertilizer treatment (1.35%) or NPK 1 (1.35%) the tendency of total organic carbon content increase and hot-water soluble carbon decrease were determined. Fertilization had a negative effect on SOM stability. Intensity of fertilization affected the changes in quantity and quality of SOM; therefore it is very important to pay attention to the quantity and quality of organic matter in productive vineyards.

scholarly journals Changes in Soil Structure and Soil Organic Matter Due to Different Severities of Fire

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Šimanský
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand

Abstract The effect of different fire severity on the changes of the soil organic matter (SOM) and soil structure was evaluated. Soil samples were collected (May 2010) in the locality of Nitra-Dražovce (Slovakia) from the following plots: 1) control (unburned place), 2) low severity of fire and 3) higher severity of fire. The results showed that the content of water-stable microaggregates (WSAmi) increased by 20% in the area with a low severity of fire, but on the other hand, it decreased by 42% in the area with the higher severity of fire in comparison to control. The higher severity of fire resulted in a decrease of smaller size fractions of water-stable macroaggregates (WSAma) (0.5−0.25) and a low severity of fire resulted in the decrease of WSAma 2−0.5 mm. On the other hand, the content of WSAma in the size fraction >5 mm was higher by 54% and by 32% in the lower and higher severity of fire, respectively, than in unburned soil. The higher severity of fire had a more positive effect on increases of the structure coefficient and coefficient of aggregate stability, as well as on the decrease of the vulnerability coefficient compared to the low severity of fire. After burning, the contents of soil organic carbon (Corg) and labile carbon were significantly increased by the severity of fire. However, the low severity of fire affected more markedly the increase of hot water-soluble and cold water-soluble carbon than the higher severity of fire. After burning and due to the severity of fire, both the carbon of humic and carbon of fulvic acids ratios and SOM stability increased. The parameters of SOM due to fire significantly increased also in WSA with the least changes in WSAmi. The results showed that a low severity of fire increased Corg mainly in WSAma >2mm and WSAmi, whereas high severity fire increased Corg content in the smaller fraction of WSAma.

scholarly journals Spatial variability of microbial biomass and organic matter labile pools in a haplic planosol soil

Bragantia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (suppl) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Campana Loureiro ◽  
Helvécio De-Polli ◽  
Marcos Bacis Ceddia ◽  
Adriana Maria de Aquino
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
C And N

The objective of this work was to study the spatial variability of soil microbial biomass (SMB) and labile soil organic matter pools (labile SOM), under different management systems and plant cover. The experiment was conducted in a Haplic Planosol soil on an Integrated Agroecological Production System (SIPA), in Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro. The evaluated management systems were: alley cropping, pasture, and bush garden, the late one was used as reference area. Three grids of regular spacing of 2.5 x 2.5 meters were used for sampling, consisting of 25 georeferenced points each, where soil samples were taken at 0-10 cm depth. The following labile constituents of soil organic matter were determined: free light fraction (FLF), water soluble C and N, C and N of SMB (SMB-C and SMB-N), and glomalin content. The textural fractions (sand, silt, and clay), pH in water, and chemical attributes (organic C, total N, Ca, Mg, Al, P, K, and CEC-cation exchange capacity) were also determined. The areas of alley cropping and pasture showed spatial dependence to the attributes of SOM. The occurrence of high spatial dependence for the attributes associated to microbial biomass in the alley cropping system (C, FLF, SMB-N and respiration), probably was due to external factors related to management, such as: intensive rotational cropping system, diversity of crops and different inputs of organic matter to soil such as pruning material and organic compost.

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