New Methods for Inference in Long-Horizon Regressions

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Hjalmarsson

AbstractI develop new results for long-horizon predictive regressions with overlapping observations. I show that rather than using autocorrelation robust standard errors, the standard t-statistic can simply be divided by the square root of the forecasting horizon to correct for the effects of the overlap in the data. Further, when the regressors are persistent and endogenous, the long-run ordinary least squares (OLS) estimator suffers from the same problems as the short-run OLS estimator, and it is shown how similar corrections and test procedures as those proposed for the short-run case can also be implemented in the long run. An empirical application to stock return predictability shows that, contrary to many popular beliefs, evidence of predictability does not typically become stronger at longer forecasting horizons.

Author(s):  
Jesper Rangvid

This chapter lays out what we know about stock return predictability on the short-to-medium horizon. It recognizes that most of the fluctuations in the stock market are unpredictable, but characterizes those that are. Another important lesson of this chapter is that stock markets are very volatile in the short run but appears to be less so in the long run. Paradoxically, this implies that it looks as if we can say a little more about the future movements in the stock market when dealing with the longer run (several years). From today until tomorrow, or next week, we can say very little. The chapter illustrates how stock returns are somewhat predictable by indicators such as the yield spread and the dividend yield.


2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos C. Papapostolou ◽  
Panos K. Pouliasis ◽  
Nikos K. Nomikos ◽  
Ioannis Kyriakou

Author(s):  
Mara Madaleno ◽  
Victor Moutinho

Decreased greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) are urgently needed in view of global health threat represented by climate change. The goal of this paper is to test the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, considering less common measures of environmental burden. For that, four different estimations are done, one considering total GHG emissions, and three more taking into account, individually, the three main GHG gases—carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane gas (CH4)—considering the oldest and most recent economies adhering to the EU27 (the EU 15 (Old Europe) and the EU 12 (New Europe)) separately. Using panel dynamic fixed effects (DFE), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), and fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) techniques, we validate the existence of a U-shaped relationship for all emission proxies considered, and groups of countries in the short-run. Some evidence of this effect also exists in the long-run. However, we were only able to validate the EKC hypothesis for the short-run in EU 12 under DOLS and the short and long-run using FMOLS. Confirmed is the fact that results are sensitive to models and measures adopted. Externalization of problems globally takes a longer period for national policies to correct, turning global measures harder and local environmental proxies more suitable to deeply explore the EKC hypothesis.


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