Azimuthal structure of turbulence in high Reynolds number pipe flow

2008 ◽  
Vol 615 ◽  
pp. 121-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEAN C. C. BAILEY ◽  
MARCUS HULTMARK ◽  
ALEXANDER J. SMITS ◽  
MICHAEL P. SCHULTZ
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Pipe Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Streamwise Velocity ◽  
Turbulent Pipe Flow ◽  
Roughness Effects ◽  
Azimuthal Correlations ◽  
Normal Distance ◽  
Logarithmic Layer ◽  
High Reynolds

Two-point hot-wire measurements of streamwise velocity were performed in the logarithmic and wake regions of turbulent pipe flow for Reynolds numbers, based on pipe diameter, ranging from 7.6 × 104 to 8.3 × 106 at four wall-normal positions with azimuthal probe separation. The azimuthal correlations were found to be consistent with the presence of very large-scale coherent regions of low-wavenumber, low-momentum fluid observed in previous studies of wall-bounded flows and were found to be independent of changing Reynolds number and surface roughness effects. At the edge of the logarithmic layer the azimuthal scale determined from the correlations was found to be similar to that observed for channel flows but larger than that observed for boundary layers, inconsistent with the concept of a universal logarithmic region. As the wall-normal position increased outside the logarithmic layer, there was a decrease in azimuthal scale relative to that of channel flow. Using cross-spectral analysis, high-wavenumber motion was found to grow azimuthally with wall-normal distance at a faster rate than the low-wavenumber motions.

Turbulence spectra in smooth- and rough-wall pipe flow at extreme Reynolds numbers

2013 ◽  
Vol 731 ◽  
pp. 46-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Rosenberg ◽  
M. Hultmark ◽  
M. Vallikivi ◽  
S. C. C. Bailey ◽  
A. J. Smits
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Pipe Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Turbulent Pipe Flow ◽  
Rough Wall ◽  
Inertial Subrange ◽  
Wall Region ◽  
Turbulence Structure ◽  
High Reynolds

AbstractWell-resolved streamwise velocity spectra are reported for smooth- and rough-wall turbulent pipe flow over a large range of Reynolds numbers. The turbulence structure far from the wall is seen to be unaffected by the roughness, in accordance with Townsend’s Reynolds number similarity hypothesis. Moreover, the energy spectra within the turbulent wall region follow the classical inner and outer scaling behaviour. While an overlap region between the two scalings and the associated${ k}_{x}^{- 1} $law are observed near${R}^{+ } \approx 3000$, the${ k}_{x}^{- 1} $behaviour is obfuscated at higher Reynolds numbers due to the evolving energy content of the large scales (the very-large-scale motions, or VLSMs). We apply a semi-empirical correction (del Álamo & Jiménez,J. Fluid Mech., vol. 640, 2009, pp. 5–26) to the experimental data to estimate how Taylor’s frozen field hypothesis distorts the pseudo-spatial spectra inferred from time-resolved measurements. While the correction tends to suppress the long wavelength peak in the logarithmic layer spectrum, the peak nonetheless appears to be a robust feature of pipe flow at high Reynolds number. The inertial subrange develops around${R}^{+ } \gt 2000$where the characteristic${ k}_{x}^{- 5/ 3} $region is evident, which, for high Reynolds numbers, persists in the wake and logarithmic regions. In the logarithmic region, the streamwise wavelength of the VLSM peak scales with distance from the wall, which is in contrast to boundary layers, where the superstructures have been shown to scale with boundary layer thickness throughout the entire shear layer. Moreover, the similarity in the streamwise wavelength scaling of the large- and very-large-scale motions supports the notion that the two are physically interdependent.

Structural organization of large and very large scales in turbulent pipe flow simulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 720 ◽  
pp. 236-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Baltzer ◽  
R. J. Adrian ◽  
Xiaohua Wu
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
Pipe Flow ◽  
Velocity Fluctuation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Streamwise Velocity ◽  
Turbulent Pipe Flow ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Logarithmic Layer

AbstractThe physical structures of velocity are examined from a recent direct numerical simulation of fully developed incompressible turbulent pipe flow (Wu, Baltzer & Adrian, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 698, 2012, pp. 235–281) at a Reynolds number of ${\mathit{Re}}_{D} = 24\hspace{0.167em} 580$ (based on bulk velocity) and a Kármán number of ${R}^{+ } = 685$. In that work, the periodic domain length of $30$ pipe radii $R$ was found to be sufficient to examine long motions of negative streamwise velocity fluctuation that are commonly observed in wall-bounded turbulent flows and correspond to the large fractions of energy present at very long streamwise wavelengths (${\geq }3R$). In this paper we study how long motions are composed of smaller motions. We characterize the spatial arrangements of very large-scale motions (VLSMs) extending through the logarithmic layer and above, and we find that they possess dominant helix angles (azimuthal inclinations relative to streamwise) that are revealed by two- and three-dimensional two-point spatial correlations of velocity. The correlations also reveal that the shorter, large-scale motions (LSMs) that concatenate to comprise the VLSMs are themselves more streamwise aligned. We show that the largest VLSMs possess a form similar to roll cells centred above the logarithmic layer and that they appear to play an important role in organizing the flow, while themselves contributing only a minor fraction of the flow turbulent kinetic energy. The roll cell motions play an important role with the smaller scales of motion that are necessary to create the strong streamwise streaks of low-velocity fluctuation that characterize the flow.

scholarly journals Video: DNS of turbulent pipe flow at high Reynolds number

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Ceci ◽  
Sergio Pirozzoli ◽  
Joshua Romero ◽  
Massimiliano Fatica ◽  
Roberto Verzicco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Pipe Flow ◽  
High Reynolds Number ◽  
Turbulent Pipe Flow ◽  
High Reynolds

Asymptotic scaling in turbulent pipe flow

2007 ◽  
Vol 365 (1852) ◽  
pp. 771-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J McKeon ◽  
J.F Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Behaviour ◽  
Pipe Flow ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Streamwise Velocity ◽  
Turbulent Pipe Flow ◽  
Inertial Subrange ◽  
Velocity Spectrum ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
High Reynolds

The streamwise velocity component in turbulent pipe flow is assessed to determine whether it exhibits asymptotic behaviour that is indicative of high Reynolds numbers. The asymptotic behaviour of both the mean velocity (in the form of the log law) and that of the second moment of the streamwise component of velocity in the outer and overlap regions is consistent with the development of spectral regions which indicate inertial scaling. It is shown that an ‘inertial sublayer’ in physical space may be considered as a spatial analogue of the inertial subrange in the velocity spectrum and such behaviour only appears for Reynolds numbers R + >5×10 3 , approximately, much higher than was generally thought.

1502 Universality of the velocity profile in the high Reynolds number turbulent pipe flow

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (0) ◽  
pp. _1502-1_-_1502-2_
Author(s):  
Yuki WADA ◽  
Noriyuki FURUICHI ◽  
Yoshiya TERAO ◽  
Yoshiyuki TSUJI
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Pipe Flow ◽  
High Reynolds Number ◽  
Turbulent Pipe Flow ◽  
High Reynolds

Partially filled pipes: experiments in laminar and turbulent flow

2018 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 467-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry C.-H. Ng ◽  
Hope L. F. Cregan ◽  
Jonathan M. Dodds ◽  
Robert J. Poole ◽  
David J. C. Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Free Surface ◽  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Pipe Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Open Channel ◽  
Streamwise Velocity ◽  
Flow Depth ◽  
Secondary Motion ◽  
Laminar And Turbulent Flow

Pressure-driven laminar and turbulent flow in a horizontal partially filled pipe was investigated using stereoscopic particle imaging velocimetry (S-PIV) in the cross-stream plane. Laminar flow velocity measurements are in excellent agreement with a recent theoretical solution in the literature. For turbulent flow, the flow depth was varied independently of a nominally constant Reynolds number (based on hydraulic diameter, $D_{H}$; bulk velocity, $U_{b}$ and kinematic viscosity $\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}$) of $Re_{H}=U_{b}D_{H}/\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}\approx 30\,000\pm 5\,\%$. When running partially full, the inferred friction factor is no longer a simple function of Reynolds number, but also depends on the Froude number $Fr=U_{b}/\sqrt{gD_{m}}$ where $g$ is gravitational acceleration and $D_{m}$ is hydraulic mean depth. S-PIV measurements in turbulent flow reveal the presence of secondary currents which causes the maximum streamwise velocity to occur below the free surface consistent with results reported in the literature for rectangular cross-section open channel flows. Unlike square duct and rectangular open channel flow the mean secondary motion observed here manifests only as a single pair of vortices mirrored about the vertical bisector and these rollers, which fill the half-width of the pipe, remain at a constant distance from the free surface even with decreasing flow depth for the range of depths tested. Spatial distributions of streamwise Reynolds normal stress and turbulent kinetic energy exhibit preferential arrangement rather than having the same profile around the azimuth of the pipe as in a full pipe flow. Instantaneous fields reveal the signatures of elements of canonical wall-bounded turbulent flows near the pipe wall such as large-scale and very-large-scale motions and associated hairpin packets whilst near the free surface, the signatures of free surface turbulence in the absence of imposed mean shear such as ‘upwellings’, ‘downdrafts’ and ‘whirlpools’ are present. Two-point spatio-temporal correlations of streamwise velocity fluctuation suggest that the large-scale coherent motions present in full pipe flow persist in partially filled pipes but are compressed and distorted by the presence of the free surface and mean secondary motion.

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