Bacterial attachment in vivo to epithelial cells of the nasopharynx during otitis media with effusion

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Eric Stenfors ◽  
Simo Räisänen
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Ear Effusion

AbstractEpithelial cells were obtained by swabbing the posterior wall of the nasopharynx (NPH) of 15 patients (age one to 6 8/12; years; eight males, seven females) undergoing ENT-surgery under general anaesthesia for otitis media with effusion (OME). Individually matched, ear healthy children served as controls. Bacteria attached to the non-ciliated cells were calculated according to a method described. Furthermore, quantitative and qualitative bacteriological analyses were performed on samples obtained from mucoid middle ear effusion material as well as from the NPH. All patients and controls harboured middle ear pathogens (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, B. catarrhalis, or S. aureus) in the NPH. Only 33 per cent of the patients harboured middle ear pathogens in the middle ear effusion and the same pathogen was invariably found in the corresponding NPH Attachment of bacteria to the non-ciliated cells of the NPH diminished significantly with growing age in the ear healthy control group but not in the OME group. OME is closely correlated tothe presence of middle ear pathogens in the NPH and to attachment of bacteria to the epithelial cells in the NPH.

Efficacy of medical treatment as an adjunct to surgery in the treatment of secretory otitis media

1986 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. 1347-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. J. Lesser ◽  
M. I. Clayton ◽  
D. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Secretory Otitis Media ◽  
Ear Effusion

AbstractIn a pilot controlled randomised trial of 38 children who had bilateral secretory otitis media, with effusion demonstrated at operation, we compared the efficacy of a six-week course of an oral decongestant—antihistamine combination and a mucolytic preparation with a control group in preventing the presence of middle-ear effusion six weeks after myringotomy and adenoidectomy. The mucolytic preparation decreased the presence of middle-ear effusion when compared to the decongestant-antihistamine combination and the control group (p=0.06).

scholarly journals Comparing Watchful Waiting Approach vs. Antibiotic Therapy in Children with Nonsevere Acute Otitis Media: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Leila Shahbaznejad ◽  
Ensieh Talaei ◽  
Fatemeh Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Baraneh Masoumi ◽  
Shaghayegh Rezai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Watchful Waiting ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Ear Effusion

Objective. To compare both approaches for the treatment of nonsevere acute otitis media (AOM) in Iran. Methods. This randomized clinical trial was performed at a pediatric infectious diseases clinic in Buali tertiary hospital in Sari, north of Iran, from 2016 to 2018. All participants in this study were previously healthy children with AOM diagnosis, who were 6 months to 6 years old. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups: the intervention (80 mg/kg/day amoxicillin for 7-10 days) and the control group (watchful waiting approach). AOM recovery and adverse drug reactions were evaluated after 72 hours, and the patients were followed for the frequency of AOM and middle ear effusion 1 and 3 months’ postintervention. Results. A total of 396 children have participated in this study. AOM recovery was significantly different in the two groups (73% vs. 44% in the intervention and control groups, respectively). Recurrence of AOM and middle ear effusion (MEE) persistence, one month following the intervention, have not shown any significant differences between the two groups. However, the AOM recurrence between 1 and 3 months was more frequent in the control group. The frequency of diarrhea was also higher in the intervention group compared to the control but no significant difference was found between the two groups regarding vomiting and skin rash. Conclusion. The faster recovery from AOM is achieved when an antibiotic treatment regimen is applied, although the risk of potential side effects should be considered.

To Tube or Not to Tube: That Continues to Be the Question

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-332
Author(s):  
DAVID W. TEELE ◽  
BERNARD ROSNER ◽  
JEROME O. KLEIN
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Ear Effusion

In Reply.— We appreciate Chamberlin's thoughtful comments about the associations between otitis media with effusion and development of speech and language and his concern about results that are statistically significant but may not be "clinically significant." We share his view that measurements of the sequelae of disease should include those that are meaningful to the child. We reported results of tests of speech and language that indicated that children who had spent many days with middle ear effusion during the first years of life scored significantly lower than did children who had not spent such time.

scholarly journals Experimental Otitis Media With Effusion Induced by Middle Ear Effusion

1992 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1037???1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Nakata ◽  
Masashi Suzuki ◽  
Hideyuki Kawauchi ◽  
Goro Mogi
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Ear Effusion

Experimental Otitis Media with Effusion following Middle Ear Inoculation of Nonviable H Influenzae

1984 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. DeMaria ◽  
David J. Lim ◽  
Bruce R. Briggs ◽  
Nobuhiro Okazaki
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Animal Experiment ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Type B ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Inflammatory Changes ◽  
Ear Effusion

In order to test the hypothesis that nonviable bacteria can induce middle ear inflammation leading to persistent middle ear effusion (MEE), we conducted an animal experiment using formalin-killed Hemophilus influenzae, the bacterium reported to be the most common pathogen isolated from chronic MEEs. Over 70% of the chinchillas injected with formalin-killed H influenzae type b or a nontypeable isolate developed sterile, straw-colored serous MEEs, and exhibited histological evidence of extensive inflammatory changes of the middle ear mucosal connective tissue and epithelium. Control animals injected with pyrogen-free sterile saline did not exhibit any inflammatory changes or effusions in the middle ears. Our data suggest that endotoxin on the surface of H influenzae, a gram-negative bacterium, may be responsible for the induction of the otitis media with effusion. It is suggested that endotoxin (even when the organisms are no longer viable) may be responsible for the production of serous MEE and inflammatory changes in the middle ear.

IL-5 and Eotaxin Levels in Middle Ear Effusion and Blood from Asthmatics with Otitis Media with Effusion

2003 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Nonaka ◽  
Manabu Nonaka ◽  
Manabu Nonaka ◽  
Manabu Nonaka ◽  
Manabu Nonaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Ear Effusion

The Role of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Chronic Otitis Media With Effusion

1982 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Bernstein ◽  
Diane Dryja ◽  
Erwin Neter
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
Ear Effusion

Twenty-eight middle ear effusions from 27 patients with chronic otitis media with effusion were studied for the presence of bacteria. The most common isolates were coagulase-negative staphylococci. However, biochemical and antibiotic sensitivity patterns demonstrated that these organisms represented a heterogenous group. At least three subtypes of coagulase-negative staphylococci were identified from the middle ear effusions, and in only one instance was the isolate from the ear canal identical with that of the middle ear effusion. The data presented suggest that coagulase-negative staphylococci from the middle ear effusions may not be contaminants; however, it cannot be determined from this study whether these organisms play a role as pathogens or as the result of indolent colonization.

scholarly journals Tympanostomy Tube Selection: A Review of the Evidence

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Ho Sandra ◽  
David J Kay
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Tympanostomy Tube ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Surgeon Experience ◽  
Ear Effusion

ABSTRACT Tympanostomy tube (TT) insertion for ventilation of the middle ear is one of most commonly performed procedures in the United States. Indications for tube insertion include otitis media with effusion, recurrent acute otitis media, hearing loss caused by middle ear effusion and persistent acute otitis media. In general, TTs are divided into two categories, short-term tubes and long-term tubes. Depending on the indications for tube placement and surgeon experience with the TT, different tubes can be used. A myriad of tubes have been created since their first documented use in 1845 in attempts to provide better middle ear ventilation, improve ease of placement and prevent complications, such as post-tube otorrhea, persistent perforation and tube occlusion. In order for a tube to be effective, it should be biocompatible with the middle ear to minimize a foreign body reaction. Teflon and silicone remain two of the most commonly used materials in TTs. In addition, the tube design also plays a role for insertion and retention times of TTs. Lastly, TTs can also be coated with various substances, such as silver-oxide, phosphorylcholine and more recently, antibiotics and albumin, in order to prevent biofilm formation and decrease the rate of post-TT otorrhea. Persistent middle ear effusion affects many children each year and can impact their quality of life as well as hearing and language development. With nearly 1 out of every 15 children by the age of 3 years receiving TTs, it is imperative that the right tube be chosen to facilitate optimal ventilation of the middle ear while minimizing complications. How to cite this article Ho S, Kay DJ. Tympanostomy Tube Selection: A Review of the Evidence. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(1):17-22.

MIDDLE EAR EFFUSION CONCENTRATIONS OF CEFIXIME DURING ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA WITH EFFUSION AND OTITIS MEDIA WITH EFFUSION

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 816-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Harrison ◽  
Stephen A. Chartrand ◽  
William Rodriguez ◽  
Richard Schwartz ◽  
Jay Pollack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Ear Effusion

Otitis Media with Effusion During the First Three Years of Life and Development of Speech and Language

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Teele ◽  
Jerome O. Klein ◽  
Bernard A. Rosner ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Middle Ear Disease ◽  
Ear Effusion

To determine the association between time spent with middle ear effusion and development of speech and language, 205 three-year-old children were studied. Each child had been followed prospectively from birth to record the number of episodes of middle ear disease and to document time spent with middle ear effusion. Standardized tests of speech and language were administered at age 3 years to children who had spent much time with middle ear effusion and to children who had spent little or no time with middle ear effusion. Children who had spent prolonged periods of time with middle ear effusion had significantly lower scores when compared with those who had spent little time with middle ear disease. The correlation was strongest in children from higher socio-economic strata. Time spent with middle ear effusion in the first 6 to 12 months of life was most strongly associated with poor scores.

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