scholarly journals Classification of extremal elliptic K3 surfaces and fundamental groups of open K3 surfaces

2001 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 23-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Shimada ◽  
De-Qi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
K3 Surfaces ◽  
Rational Curves ◽  
Complete List ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
Sufficient Condition

We present a complete list of extremal elliptic K3 surfaces (Theorem 1.1). As an application, we give a sufficient condition for the topological fundamental group of complement to an ADE-configuration of smooth rational curves on a K3 surface to be trivial (Proposition 4.1 and Theorem 4.3).

scholarly journals GROUPS OF LOCALLY-FLAT DISK KNOTS AND NON-LOCALLY-FLAT SPHERE KNOTS

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 189-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
GREG FRIEDMAN
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Complete Classification ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
Singular Set ◽  
Flat Disk ◽  
Set Of Points

The classical knot groups are the fundamental groups of the complements of smooth or piecewise-linear (PL) locally-flat knots. For PL knots that are not locally-flat, there is a pair of interesting groups to study: the fundamental group of the knot complement and that of the complement of the "boundary knot" that occurs around the singular set, the set of points at which the embedding is not locally-flat. If a knot has only point singularities, this is equivalent to studying the groups of a PL locally-flat disk knot and its boundary sphere knot; in this case, we obtain a complete classification of all such group pairs in dimension ≥6. For more general knots, we also obtain complete classifications of these group pairs under certain restrictions on the singularities. Finally, we use spinning constructions to realize further examples of boundary knot groups.

scholarly journals Nilpotent quotients of fundamental groups of special 3-manifolds with boundary

1998 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Gabriela Putinar
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Betti Number ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
Manifolds With Boundary ◽  
Manifold With Boundary ◽  
Maximal Torsion ◽  
Torsion Free

We use a Betti number estimate of Freedman-Hain-Teichner to show that the maximal torsion-free nilpotent quotient of the fundamental group of a 3-manifold with boundary is either Z or Z ⊕ Z. In particular we reobtain the Evans-Moser classification of 3-manifolds with boundary which have nilpotent fundamental groups.

scholarly journals TOPOLOGICAL 4-MANIFOLDS WITH GEOMETRICALLY TWO-DIMENSIONAL FUNDAMENTAL GROUPS

2009 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN HAMBLETON ◽  
MATTHIAS KRECK ◽  
PETER TEICHNER
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Intersection Form

Closed oriented 4-manifolds with the same geometrically two-dimensional fundamental group (satisfying certain properties) are classified up to s-cobordism by their w2-type, equivariant intersection form and the Kirby–Siebenmann invariant. As an application, we obtain a complete homeomorphism classification of closed oriented 4-manifolds with solvable Baumslag–Solitar fundamental groups, including a precise realization result.

Filling words in fundamental groups of Riemann surfaces

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-50
Author(s):  
C. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Riemann Surface ◽  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Riemann Surfaces ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
Closed Geodesics ◽  
New Words

The purpose of this article is to utilize some exiting words in the fundamental group of a Riemann surface to acquire new words that are represented by filling closed geodesics.

scholarly journals The location of classified edges due to the change in the geometric multiplicity of an eigenvalue in a tree

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Kenji Toyonaga
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Matrix ◽  
Symmetric Matrices ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Geometric Multiplicity ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Multiplicity Of An Eigenvalue

Abstract Given a combinatorially symmetric matrix A whose graph is a tree T and its eigenvalues, edges in T can be classified in four categories, based upon the change in geometric multiplicity of a particular eigenvalue, when the edge is removed. We investigate a necessary and sufficient condition for each classification of edges. We have similar results as the case for real symmetric matrices whose graph is a tree. We show that a g-2-Parter edge, a g-Parter edge and a g-downer edge are located separately from each other in a tree, and there is a g-neutral edge between them. Furthermore, we show that the distance between a g-downer edge and a g-2-Parter edge or a g-Parter edge is at least 2 in a tree. Lastly we give a combinatorially symmetric matrix whose graph contains all types of edges.

WEIGHTED GRIDS IN COMPLEX JORDAN* TRIPLES

2010 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 155-184
Author(s):  
L. L. STACHÓ
Keyword(s):  
Independent Sets ◽  
Vector Spaces ◽  
Complete List ◽  
Real Vector ◽  
Linearly Independent

Weighted grids are linearly independent sets {gw : w ∈ W} of signed tripotents in Jordan* triples indexed by figures W in real vector spaces such that {gugvgw} ∈ ℂgu-v+w (= 0 if u - v + w ∉ W). They arise naturally as systems of weight vectors of certain abelian families of Jordan* derivations. Based on Neher's grid theory, a classification of association free non-nil weighted grids is given. As a first step beyond the setting of classical grids, the complete list of complex weighted grids of pairwise associated signed tripotents indexed by ℤ2 is established.

Asymptotic stability of heteroclinic cycles in systems with symmetry. II

2004 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
pp. 1177-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krupa ◽  
Ian Melbourne
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Stability ◽  
Transition Matrix ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Heteroclinic Cycles ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

Systems possessing symmetries often admit robust heteroclinic cycles that persist under perturbations that respect the symmetry. In previous work, we began a systematic investigation into the asymptotic stability of such cycles. In particular, we found a sufficient condition for asymptotic stability, and we gave algebraic criteria for deciding when this condition is also necessary. These criteria are satisfied for cycles in R3.Field and Swift, and Hofbauer, considered examples in R4 for which our sufficient condition for stability is not optimal. They obtained necessary and sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability using a transition-matrix technique.In this paper, we combine our previous methods with the transition-matrix technique and obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability for a larger class of heteroclinic cycles. In particular, we obtain a complete theory for ‘simple’ heteroclinic cycles in R4 (thereby proving and extending results for homoclinic cycles that were stated without proof by Chossat, Krupa, Melbourne and Scheel). A partial classification of simple heteroclinic cycles in R4 is also given. Finally, our stability results generalize naturally to higher dimensions and many of the higher-dimensional examples in the literature are covered by this theory.

scholarly journals Computing the fundamental group of a higher-rank graph

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sooran Kang ◽  
David Pask ◽  
Samuel B.G. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Homology Group ◽  
Klein Bottle ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Higher Rank ◽  
The One ◽  
Standard Presentation

Abstract We compute a presentation of the fundamental group of a higher-rank graph using a coloured graph description of higher-rank graphs developed by the third author. We compute the fundamental groups of several examples from the literature. Our results fit naturally into the suite of known geometrical results about higher-rank graphs when we show that the abelianization of the fundamental group is the homology group. We end with a calculation which gives a non-standard presentation of the fundamental group of the Klein bottle to the one normally found in the literature.

scholarly journals Fundamental Group of Simple C*-algebras with Unique Trace III

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Nawata
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Lower Semicontinuous ◽  
Classification Theorem ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
C Algebras ◽  
Scalar Multiple ◽  
Unique Trace ◽  
Densely Defined

Abstract We introduce the fundamental group ℱ(A) of a simple σ-inital C*-algebra A with unique (up to scalar multiple) densely defined lower semicontinuous trace. This is a generalization of Fundamental Group of Simple C*-algebras with Unique Trace I and II by Nawata andWatatani. Our definition in this paper makes sense for stably projectionless C*-algebras. We show that there exist separable stably projectionless C*-algebras such that their fundamental groups are equal to ℝ×+ by using the classification theorem of Razak and Tsang. This is a contrast to the unital case in Nawata and Watatani. This study is motivated by the work of Kishimoto and Kumjian.

Some results on the classification of expansive automorphisms of compact abelian groups

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Fagnani
Keyword(s):  
Finite Group ◽  
Topological Entropy ◽  
Abelian Groups ◽  
Topological Classification ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Compact Abelian Groups ◽  
A Finite Group ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

AbstractIn this paper we study expansive automorphisms of compact 0-dimensional abelian groups. Our main result is the complete algebraic and topological classification of the transitive expansive automorpisms for which the maximal order of the elements isp2for a primep. This yields a classification of the transitive expansive automorphisms with topological entropy logp2. Finally, we prove a necessary and sufficient condition for an expansive automorphism to be conjugated, topologically and algebraically, to a shift over a finite group.

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