The Christological Use of the Old Testament in the New Testament

1971 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Black
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Fresh Impetus

The use of the Old Testament by the New Testament – including its christological use – has engaged students of the Bible at least since the time of Jerome.1 In view of the immense erudition expended on it, by some of the best minds in their time, it seems remotely unlikely that anything new remains to be said. A fresh impetus has, however, been given to the subject – which has always been a highly specialized one – by the Dead Sea Scrolls, through the discovery of messianic Testimonies in the Cave 4 material and, more importantly, by the recognition that, hermeneutically, the New Testament belongs to the same tradition.

scholarly journals Jubilee in the Bible

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
James A. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Near East ◽  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Ancient Near East ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Dead

The concept of the Jubilee, or the collective forgiveness of all debts and debtor/slaves, had its origins in the Ancient Near East where it was a secular practice of kings. It came into the Bible originally also as a secular practice of kings but then became the province of priests and a calendar observance to be celebrated every 50 years. It was finally understood in the Dead Sea Scrolls and the New Testament to rest in the hands of God alone, an eschatological concept of the forgiveness of all debts/sins and the redemption of all human sins, or debts to God, that became the very basis of the theological history of Luke/Acts.

scholarly journals Can we use the New Testament in the way which the New Testament authors use the Old Testament?

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moyise
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

Ever since the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, scholars have drawn parallels between the way the New Testament authors used the Scriptures and the use of Scripture found in the Qumran writings. This method has raised difficult questions, because some of the exegetical methods, such as allegory, word-splitting and the use of variant texts, are generally regarded as erroneous today. However, other scholars have contended that this comparative approach does not do justice to New Testament exegesis and have argued that the New Testament authors developed a distinctive messianic, ecclesiocentric or trinitarian form of exegesis. This view sheds new light on the old question of whether the Church can use the New Testament in the same way that the New Testament authors use the Old Testament.

NTERPRETATION OF THE METAPHOR "VESSEL" IN THE LIGHT OF THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS: NEW OBSERVATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Stanislav Stepanchenko
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Shed Light

The texts of the Dead Sea Scrolls are great importance for the reconstruction of the theological and ideological factors of the authors of the New Testament and can shed light on the understanding of some difficult passages of the New Testament. It is well known that the text of 1 Thessalonians 4:4 became Crux Interpretum for its researchers. Since the period of the Church Fathers, the text has had three conflicting interpretations. Modern research has continued this trend. The discovery in the 40s of the XX century Dead Sea Scrolls, gave a new look at some problematic texts of the New Testament. Thus, the two texts 4QSamb and 4Q416 2 ii 21 shed light on the discussion of 1 Thessalonians 4:4. But a closer examination revealed that their interpretation was also ambiguous, which in turn gave rise to a new wave of discussion. So, three options for understanding the texts were proposed. Consensus has not yet been reached. The text of 4QSamb was studied by F. Cross, D. Freedman, P. Andersen. Text 4Q416 2 ii 21 has been the subject of many publications, among the most important are the following: J. Stragnell, D. Harrington, T. Elgwin, J. Smith, M. Kister, B. Wald, F. Martinez. The purpose of the study is to critically analyze the interpretations of two texts from the corpus of Dead Sea Scrolls, 4QSamb and 4Q416 2 ii 21. The article examines two important texts from the Dead Sea Scrolls, 4QSamb and 4Q416 2 ii 21, which shed light on a possible interpretation of a passage from Paul's corpus, 1 Thessalonians 4: 4. The 4QSamb study by scientists led to two interpretations of this passage. The article shows that understanding 4QSamb has a sexual context, and can locally indicate the male genitalia. The study of the text 4Q416 2 ii 21 led to the emergence of three radically different interpretations. Although each approach is well-argued and has its advantages, the paper has shown that the interpretation proposed by Elgwin Thorleif is more true in view of paleographic research, lexical analysis, and the immediate context of the passage. The article showed that the word כלי in the texts is used as a euphemism in the meaning of the male genitalia. This conclusion provides an important context for understanding 1 Thessalonians 4:4, that the interpretation of the word σκεῦός in this text must take into account the possibility of its interpretation in the sense of male "genitals".

Jewish Law in the Gospels in Light of the Dead Sea Scrolls

2021 ◽  
pp. 014610792110343
Author(s):  
Lawrence H. Schiffman
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
The Self ◽  
First Century ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Right

This study examines a number of specific examples of halakhic (Jewish legal) matters discussed in the New Testament that are also dealt with in the Dead Sea Scrolls. This paper compares and contrasts the rulings of these two traditions, as well as the Pharisaic views, showing that the Jewish legal views of the Gospels are for the most part lenient views to the left of those of the Pharisees, whereas those of the Dead Sea Scrolls represent a stricter view, to the right of the Pharisaic views. Ultimately, in the halakhic debate of the first century ce, the self-understanding of the earliest Christians was very different from that of the sect of the Dead Sea Scrolls.

scholarly journals Inspiration and the Texts of the Bible

1997 ◽  
Vol 53 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Buchner
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Early Church ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Masoretic Text ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Book Of Hebrews ◽  
Textual Research

This article seeks to explore what the inspired text of the Old Testament was as it existed for the New Testament authors, particularly for the author of the book of Hebrews. A quick look at the facts makes. it clear that there was, at the time, more than one 'inspired' text, among these were the Septuagint and the Masoretic Text 'to name but two'. The latter eventually gained ascendancy which is why it forms the basis of our translated Old Testament today. Yet we have to ask: what do we make of that other text that was the inspired Bible to the early Church, especially to the writer of the book of Hebrews, who ignored the Masoretic text? This article will take a brief look at some suggestions for a doctrine of inspiration that keeps up with the facts of Scripture. Allied to this, the article is something of a bibliographical study of recent developments in textual research following the discovery of the Dead Sea scrolls.

scholarly journals The importance of the Dead Sea Scrolls for the study of the explicit quotations in Ad Hebraeos

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert J. Steyn
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Religious Background ◽  
New Testament Studies ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Book Of Hebrews

The important contribution that the Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS) hold for New Testament studies is probably most evident in Ad Hebraeos. This contribution seeks to present an overview of relevant extant DSS fragments available for an investigation of the Old Testament explicit quotations and motifs in the book of Hebrews. A large number of the explicit quotations in Hebrews were already alluded to, or even quoted, in some of the DSS. The DSS are of great importance for the study of the explicit quotations in Ad Hebraeos in at least four areas, namely in terms of its text-critical value, the hermeneutical methods employed in both the DSS and Hebrews, theological themes and motifs that surface in both works, and the socio-religious background in which these quotations are embedded. After these four areas are briefly explored, this contribution concludes, among others, that one can cautiously imagine a similar Jewish sectarian matrix from which certain Christian converts might have come – such as the author of Hebrews himself.

scholarly journals Die uitbouing van die Bybelse kanon in antieke Judaïsme en die vroeë Christendom

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Frey
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Early Christianity ◽  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Ancient Judaism ◽  
Canonical Process ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Dead

The development of the biblical canon in ancient Judaism and early Christianity. A brief account of the process of the development of both the Jewish and the bipartite Christian canon is given. It is argued that due to insights gained from recent textual discoveries, especially the Dead Sea Scrolls (Qumran texts), earlier theories about the history of canonisation had to be reviewed. With the New Testament canon the authors focus on the influence of Marcion as well as the various other factors that played a role in the process of canonisation. It is shown that canonisation was the result of a complicated and variegated canonical process. But in spite of the problems of the criteria used and other factors involved, the biblical canon is theologically valuable and ‘well-chosen’.

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