scholarly journals Status and conservation of the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia in Qomolangma National Nature Reserve, Tibet

Oryx ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengju Chen ◽  
Yufang Gao ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Qiong Pu ◽  
Cering Lhaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
The Status ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Religious Reasons ◽  
Panthera Uncia

AbstractLittle is known about the status of the snow leopard Panthera uncia in Qomolangma National Nature Reserve, located on the northern aspect of Mount Everest in Tibet. To address this, during May–September 2014 we conducted line transects, camera trapping, household interviews, and socioeconomic statistics analysis. We surveyed 14 transects and located 287 putative snow leopard signs, with a mean density of 1.9 sign sites km–1, 3.8 signs km–1, and 1.4 scrapes km–1. We set 41 camera traps and recorded a minimum of seven individual snow leopards. Our results were comparable to snow leopard abundance estimates for neighbouring protected areas in Nepal. Semi-structured interviews with 46 (59%) households found that local people were generally supportive of snow leopard conservation, for a variety of economic, legislative, and religious reasons. The socio-economic situation in the Reserve underwent dramatic changes between 2000 and 2014. The human population increased by 28.9%, the livestock population decreased by 9.9%, the number of tourists in 2014 was 6.8 times greater than in 2005, and the local gross domestic product underwent an annual increase of 15%. We discuss the current threats to snow leopards, and recommend that more rigorous, comprehensive, and interdisciplinary research be undertaken to provide an evidential basis for the formulation of effective conservation policies and programmes.

scholarly journals Status of the mountain ungulate prey of the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia in the Tost Local Protected Area, South Gobi, Mongolia

Oryx ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lkhagvasumberel Tumursukh ◽  
Kulbhushansingh R. Suryawanshi ◽  
Charudutt Mishra ◽  
Thomas M. McCarthy ◽  
Bazartseren Boldgiv
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Wild Ungulates ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Demographic Surveys ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Ovis Ammon ◽  
Panthera Uncia

AbstractThe availability of wild prey is a critical predictor of carnivore density. However, few conservation programmes have focused on the estimation and monitoring of wild ungulate populations and their trends, especially in the remote mountains of Central Asia. We conducted double-observer surveys to estimate the populations of ibex Capra sibirica and argali Ovis ammon in the mountainous regions of Tost Local Protected Area, South Gobi province, Mongolia, which is being considered for designation as a Nature Reserve. We also conducted demographic surveys of the more abundant ibex to examine their sex-ratio and the survival of young during 2012–2013. The estimated ibex population remained stable in 2012 and 2013 and the estimated argali population increased from 108 in 2012 to 230 in 2013. The biomass of wild ungulates was c. 6% that of livestock. Mortality in young ibex appeared to increase after weaning, at the age of 12 months. We estimated the population of wild ungulates was sufficient to support 14–18 adult snow leopards Panthera uncia. The adult snow leopard population in our study area during 2012–2013, estimated independently using camera-trap-based mark–recapture methods, was 12–14. Based on our results we identify the Tost Local Protected Area as an important habitat for the conservation of these ungulates and their predator, the Endangered snow leopard, and recommend elevation of its status to a Nature Reserve.

scholarly journals On the high trail: examining determinants of site use by the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia in Qilianshan, China

Oryx ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine S. Alexander ◽  
Kun Shi ◽  
Lucy A. Tallents ◽  
Philip Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Gansu Province ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Occupancy Modelling ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Robust Techniques ◽  
Site Use ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Panthera Uncia

AbstractThere is a need for simple and robust techniques for assessment and monitoring of populations of the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia to inform the development of action plans for snow leopard conservation. We explored the use of occupancy modelling to evaluate the influence of environmental and anthropogenic features on snow leopard site-use patterns. We conducted a camera trap survey across 480 km2 in Gansu Province, China, and used data from 60 camera traps to estimate probabilities of site use and detection using the single season occupancy model. We assessed the influence of three covariates on site use by snow leopards: elevation, the presence of blue sheep Pseudois nayaur and the presence of human disturbance (distance to roads). We recorded 76 captures of snow leopards over 2,906 trap-days, representing a mean capture success of 2.62 captures per 100 trap-days. Elevation had the strongest influence on site use, with the probability of site use increasing with altitude, whereas the influence of presence of prey and distance to roads was relatively weak. Our findings indicate the need for practical and robust techniques to appraise determinants of site use by snow leopards, especially in the context of the limited resources available for such work.

scholarly journals Population monitoring of snow leopards using camera trapping in Naryn State Reserve, Kyrgyzstan, between 2016 and 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Rode ◽  
Claire Lambert ◽  
Lucile Marescot ◽  
Bastien Chaix ◽  
Julie Beesau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Population Monitoring ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Buffer Area ◽  
The Core ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Panthera Uncia

AbstractFour field seasons of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) camera trapping inside Naryn State Reserve, performed thanks to citizen science expeditions, allowed detecting a minimal population of five adults, caught every year with an equilibrated sex ratio (1.5:1), and reproduction: five cubs or subadults have been identified from three litters of two different females. Crossings were observed one to three times a year, in front of most camera traps, and several times a month in front of one of them. Overlap of adults’ territories was observed in front of several camera traps regardless of their sex. Significant snow leopard presence was detected in the buffer area and at Ulan, situated at the reserve border. To avoid poaching on this umbrella species and its preys, extending the more stringent protection measures of the core zone to both the Southern buffer area and land adjacent to Ulan is necessary.

scholarly journals Status and conservation of the Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia in Qomolangma National Nature Reserve, Tibet—CORRIGENDUM

Oryx ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 752-752
Author(s):  
Pengju Chen ◽  
Yufang Gao ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Qiong Pu ◽  
Cering Lhaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
Panthera Uncia

scholarly journals The status of snow leopards Panthera uncia, and high altitude use by common leopards P. pardus, in north-west Yunnan, China

Oryx ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Buzzard ◽  
Xueyou Li ◽  
William V. Bleisch
Keyword(s):  
Species Conservation ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
West China ◽  
North West ◽  
Potential Habitat ◽  
South West ◽  
The Status ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Panthera Uncia

AbstractThe Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia is a flagship species of mountainous Asia and a conservation priority. China is the most important country for the species’ conservation because it has the most potential habitat and the largest population of snow leopards. North-west Yunnan province in south-west China is at the edge of the snow leopard's range, and a biodiversity hotspot, where three major Asian rivers, the Yangtze, Mekong and Salween, flow off the Tibetan plateau and cut deep valleys through the Hengduan Mountains. The snow leopard's status in north-west Yunnan is uncertain. We conducted interviews and camera-trapping surveys to assess the species’ status at multiple sites: two east of the Yangtze River and two between the Yangtze and Mekong Rivers. Thirty-eight herders/nature reserve officials interviewed claimed that snow leopards were present, but in 6,300 camera-trap days we did not obtain any photographs of snow leopards, so if the species is present, it is rare. However, we obtained many photographs of potential prey, such as blue sheep Pseudois nayaur, as well as photographs of common leopards Panthera pardus, at high elevations (3,000–4,500 m). More study is necessary in Yunnan and other areas of south-west China to investigate the status and resource overlap of snow leopards and common leopards, especially as climate change is resulting in increases in common leopard habitat and decreases in snow leopard habitat.

scholarly journals Metabarcoding diet analysis of snow leopards (Panthera uncia) in Wolong National Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 960-969
Author(s):  
Lu Qi ◽  
Hu Qiang ◽  
Shi Xiaogang ◽  
Jin Senlong ◽  
Li Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Panthera Uncia

scholarly journals Presence of the snow leopard Panthera uncia confirmed at four sites in the Chinese Tianshan Mountains

Oryx ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Buzzard ◽  
Roller MaMing ◽  
Mardan Turghan ◽  
Jiawu Xiong ◽  
Tong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Chinese Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Western Tianshan ◽  
Chinese Tianshan ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Survey Effort ◽  
Panthera Uncia

AbstractThe Endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia is a flagship species of mountainous central Asia, and a conservation concern. China has the largest extent of potential snow leopard habitat and is thus crucial for snow leopard conservation. There are many challenges to snow leopard conservation in China, however, and there is still little information on the species for many geographical locations, including the Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang province, which are important because they potentially connect snow leopard populations in Krygyzstan and Kazakhstan with those in Mongolia. We used camera traps in four areas across eastern, central and western Tianshan, with a total survey effort of 3,216 camera-trapping days. We confirmed the presence of snow leopards and an abundance of potential snow leopard prey, including the Siberian ibex Capra sibirica, in all areas. We found 2–3 individual adult snow leopards at each site, with relatively limited survey effort, and more study is needed to fully investigate the importance of the Tianshan Mountains for the species. Establishing more protected areas is essential for snow leopard conservation, and we have used data from this study to apply for protected area status for several areas.

scholarly journals Large carnivores and low diversity of optimal prey: a comparison of the diets of snow leopards Panthera uncia and wolves Canis lupus in Sarychat-Ertash Reserve in Kyrgyzstan

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kubanychbek Jumabay-Uulu ◽  
Per Wegge ◽  
Charudutt Mishra ◽  
Koustubh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Large Prey ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Competition For Food ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Ovis Ammon ◽  
Tien Shan Mountains ◽  
Panthera Uncia

AbstractIn the cold and arid mountains of Central Asia, where the diversity and abundance of wild ungulates are generally low, resource partitioning among coexisting carnivores is probably less distinct than in prey-rich areas. Thus, similar-sized carnivores are likely to compete for food. We compared the summer diets of snow leopards Panthera uncia and wolves Canis lupus in Sarychat-Ertash Reserve in the Tien-Shan mountains of Kyrgyzstan, based on analysis of genetically confirmed scats. Abundances of the principal prey species, argali Ovis ammon and Siberian ibex Capra sibirica, were estimated from field surveys. The diets consisted of few species, with high interspecific overlap (Pianka's index = 0.91). Argali was the predominant prey, with > 50% frequency of occurrence in both snow leopard and wolf scats. This was followed by Siberian ibex and marmots Marmota baibacina. Being largely unavailable, remains of livestock were not detected in any of the scats. In the snow leopard diet, proportions of argali and ibex were in line with the relative availabilities of these animals in the Reserve. This was in contrast to the diet of wolf, where argali occurred according to availability and ibex was significantly underrepresented. The high diet overlap indicates that the two predators might compete for food when the diversity of profitable, large prey is low. Competition may be more intense in winter, when marmots are not available. Hunting of argali and ibex outside the Reserve may be unsustainable and therefore reduce their abundances over time. This will affect both predators negatively and intensify competition for food. Reduction in ibex populations will directly affect the snow leopard, and the wolf is likely to be indirectly affected as a result of increased snow leopard predation of argali.

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