Overview and significance of molecular methods: what role for molecular epidemiology?

Parasitology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 161-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. A. THOMPSON ◽  
C. C. CONSTANTINE ◽  
U. M. MORGAN
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Hierarchical Levels

In this chapter, the contribution of molecular tools in understanding the aetiology and ecology of infectious diseases is examined in the context of molecular epidemiology (ME). ME is seen as providing the ‘tools’, both laboratory and analytical, which have predictive significance in epidemiological investigations of the causation of disease. A diversity of questions can be addressed with these tools which can conveniently be viewed as particular regions of DNA and grouped according to the different hierarchical levels of specificity by which infectious agents can be characterized. These groupings and the applications of the different molecular tools are described, and consideration given to the most appropriate methods of analysing data from ME investigations.

scholarly journals The Molecular Epidemiology of Echinococcus Infections

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 453
Author(s):  
R. C. Andrew Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Endemic Areas

Molecular epidemiology (ME) is the application of molecular tools to determine the causation of disease. With infectious diseases, such as echinococcosis, this applies to identifying and characterising the aetiological agents and elucidating host range. Such an approach has been very successful with the causative agents of echinococcosis, species of Echinococcus, initially by providing a workable and practical taxonomy and subsequently determining transmission patterns in endemic areas. This review summarises the taxonomy and nomenclature of species of Echinococcus and provides an update on ME investigations of the ecology of Echinococcus transmission, particularly in areas where more than one species of Echinococcus is maintained in cycles of transmission that may interact.

Problems and Perspectives of Molecular Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases

2003 ◽  
Vol 990 (1) ◽  
pp. 751-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. TARASEVICH ◽  
I. A. SHAGINYAN ◽  
O. Y. MEDIANNIKOV
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology

scholarly journals Culture proven Salmonella typhi co-infection in a child with Dengue fever: a case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (09) ◽  
pp. 1033-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rangan Srinivasaraghavan ◽  
Parameswaran Narayanan ◽  
Thandapani Kanimozhi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Dengue Outbreak ◽  
Concurrent Infections

Infectious diseases are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Sometimes concurrent infections with multiple infectious agents may occur in one patient, which make the diagnosis and management a challenging task. The authors here present a case of co-infection of typhoid fever with dengue fever in a ten-year-old child and discuss the pertinent issues. The authors emphasize that the risk factors predicting the presence of such co-infections, if developed, will be immensely useful in areas where dengue outbreak occurs in the background of high transmission of endemic infections.

scholarly journals Where are all the new antibiotics? The new antibiotic paradox

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Conly ◽  
BL Johnston
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Antibiotic Development ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
The 1950S

At the beginning of the 20th century, illnesses caused by infectious agents ranked among the most common causes of death in North America and, indeed, worldwide. By the middle of the century, dramatic advances in the diagnosis, management and prevention of infectious diseases had occurred, and hopes were raised that many infectious diseases would be eliminated by the end of the 20th century. Much of this success in the management of infectious diseases was related to a continuous new armamentarium of antibiotics. The discovery of penicillin by Fleming in 1928 followed by the discovery and clinical use of sulphonamides in the 1930s heralded the age of modern antibiotherapy (1,2). Penicillin came into widespread use during the early 1940s. By the 1950s, the 'golden era' of antibiotic development and use was well underway, and multiple new classes of antibiotics were introduced over the next two decades (Table 1) (3).

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