Indicators of forest ecosystem productivity and nutrient status across precipitation and temperature gradients in Hawaii

Precipitation and temperature are known to have important effects on forest productivity, but these effects may be strongly mediated through their influence on soil and leaf nutrients. We measured indicators of forest productivity and soil and leaf nutrients across independent gradients of precipitation and elevation/temperature in lower montane Hawaiian forests dominated by a single overstorey species, Acacia koa, situated on 1500–3000-y-old soils that were mixtures of volcanic ash and basalt. Stand basal area was highest at the wettest site, 2000 mm mean annual precipitation (MAP), and leaf N and P were lowest at the driest site, 1000 mm MAP. Soil N availability and leaf N concentration declined across an 850-m elevation gradient, but this was not correlated with stand basal area or soil organic matter content. Across all stands, basal area was negatively correlated with the exchangeable soil P fraction. As well, the soil C:N ratio was negatively correlated with both soil P availability and the size of the primary mineral P fraction. Soil P availability and weathering appear to be important determinants of soil organic matter quantity and quality. Overall, precipitation is the major driving force for forest productivity, but P weathering and availability play important roles in limiting productivity in wetter sites and in controlling soil organic matter dynamics in these N-fixing forests.

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Phosphorus transformations in acid light-textured soils treated with dry swine manure

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/s03-049 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 75-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Lotfi Khiari ◽

Léon E. Parent

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Organic Ligand ◽

Acid Soils ◽

P Availability ◽

P Fractionation ◽

Soil C ◽

Soil P ◽

Metal Organic ◽

P Fraction

Organic matter can sorb P in acid soils through metal-organic matter-phosphate complexes. The pyrophosphate extractable Al and Fe and soil C contents were hypothetized to influence P partitioning in Ferro-Humic Podzols. Reaction of added P may be mitigated by adding lime or organic matter as dry swine manure (DSM) together with mineral P fertilizers. Three soils had 40 to 50 g kg-1 of soil organic matter (SOM) content, and 76 to 140 mmol (Al + Fe)pyro kg-1. A peaty soil phase had 200 g SOM kg-1, and 58 mmol (Al + Fe)pyro kg-1. Rates of monoammonium phosphate were 0, 27, 69, and 144 kg P ha-1 in a simulated fertilizer band. Rates of DSM and lime were 800 and 185–369 mg per 35 mL of soil, respectively. After 6 wk of incubation, soil P was fractionated sequentially into aluminium bound P (Al-P), iron bound P (Fe-P), and loosely bound P. Total P, desorbed P and organic P were determined in separate subsamples. A proportion of 79–92% of added P was recovered as Al-P and Fe-P in the three low SOM soils, compared to 51–61% in the high SOM soil. The DSM increased loosely bound P from 25 to 34% in the high SOM soil and from 4.8 to 5.9% in low SOM soils. With DSM, the proportion of desorbed P was much higher in the high (70%) than in low SOM (22%) soils. Compared to the non-amended treatment, lime showed no significant effect on any P fraction but desorbed P. The DSM increased P availability in the fertilizer band considerably more in the soil having the lowest (Al + Fe)pyro/C ratio. Key words: P fractionation, organic ligand, P sorption, fertilizer band

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Availability of Phosphorous from Soil and Rock Phosphate as Affected byApplication of Different Organic Matters

Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) ◽

10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v24i2.99 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sugiyanto Sugiyanto ◽

John Bako Baon

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Filter Cake ◽

Rock Phosphate ◽

Block Design ◽

Cow Dung ◽

P Availability ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil P Availability ◽

Exchangeable Ca ◽

Cocoa Pod Husk

Phosphorus (P) is an important nutrient and often has problem both in its availability in soil and in its supply, therefore direct application of rock phosphate is a prospective alternative. The objective of this research is to study the effect of varied organic matter source on the availability of phosphate derived from soil and rock phosphate. The experiment was laid experimentally in splitplot design and environmentally in randomized complete block design. The main plot was source of P consisted of, control, SP-36 and rock phosphate in dosage of 200 mg P2O5 per kg of air dry soil. Source of organic matter as sub-plot consisted of control (no organic matter), cow dung, cocoa pod husk compost and sugar cane filter cake, each in dosage of 2.5 and 5.0%. Result of this experiment showed that both P and organic matter application affected soil P availability. Application of cow dung and filter cake increased the soil P availability but did not increase the rock phosphate solubility. On the other hand, application of cocoa pod husk did not increase neither soil P availability nor rock phosphate solubility. Filter cake produced higher soil P availability, whereas cocoa pod husk compost produced the lowest which was similar to control (no organic matter). Application of organic matter tended to increase soil pH, exchangeable Ca and available Fe. Changes of available Fe positively correlated with available P. Key words : availability of phosphorus, rock phosphate, organic matter

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Organic acids promote phosphorus release from Mollisols with different organic matter contents

Soil and Water Research ◽

10.17221/140/2019-swr ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 59-66

Author(s):

Xiaoyan Yang ◽

Chuandong Zhang ◽

Haiping Gu ◽

Xiangwei Chen ◽

Erhui Guo

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Inorganic Phosphorus ◽

Phosphorus Release ◽

Chemical Fractionation ◽

P Availability ◽

Inorganic P ◽

Soil P ◽

Fractionation Method

Organic acids could improve the phosphorus (P) availability through enhancing the release of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) in the soil. However, the effects of organic acids on the Pi release are still poorly understood, especially from soils with different organic matter contents. Here, a biochemically produced humic acid and P fertiliser were added to the soil to modify the content of the soil organic matter (SOM) and soil P, respectively. And then the soil samples were incubated at 25 °C for 30 days. The release of Pi fractions (such as H2O-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi, NaOH-Pi, HCl-Pi, and Residual-P) from the soils with different organic matter contents in the presence of citric, oxalic, and malic acids was evaluated using a sequential chemical fractionation method. The results showed that the release of the NaHCO3-Pi, NaOH-Pi, and HCl-Pi fractions also showed a decreasing trend with an increasing content of soil organic matter, and more NaOH-Pi than the other Pi fractions was generally released in the presence of organic acids. Considering the types of organic acids, oxalic acid and malic acid most effectively and least effectively released Pi, respectively. The path analysis indicated that the NaOH-Pi release had the highest direct and indirect effects on the total inorganic P (TPi) release. NaOH-Pi was, therefore, the most effective source of Pi in the Mollisols.

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Effect of biochar rates on A-mycorrhizal fungi performance and maize plant growth, Phosphorus uptake, and soil P availability under calcareous soil conditions

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ◽

10.1080/00103624.2020.1869766 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Abou El Seoud I. I. A.

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Calcareous Soil ◽

Phosphorus Uptake ◽

Maize Plant ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

P Availability ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil P Availability

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Decreases in soil P availability are associated with soil organic P declines following forest conversion in subtropical China

CATENA ◽

10.1016/j.catena.2021.105459 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 205 ◽

pp. 105459

Author(s):

Liuming Yang ◽

Zhijie Yang ◽

Xiaojian Zhong ◽

Chao Xu ◽

Yanyu Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Conversion ◽

P Availability ◽

Organic P ◽

Subtropical China ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil P Availability

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Organic material with balanced C‐nutrient stoichiometry and P addition could improve soil P availability with low C cost

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science ◽

10.1002/jpln.202100108 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Fei ◽

Shirong Zhang ◽

Xionghan Feng ◽

Xiaodong Ding

Keyword(s):

Organic Material ◽

P Availability ◽

Nutrient Stoichiometry ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil P Availability ◽

P Addition

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The use of biologically based phosphorus fractions to evaluate soil P availability in reduced P-input paddy soils

Soil Use and Management ◽

10.1111/sum.12430 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 326-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. Yuan ◽

L. Wang ◽

S. Wang ◽

Y. Wang ◽

H. Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phosphorus Fractions ◽

Paddy Soils ◽

P Availability ◽

Soil P ◽

Soil P Availability

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Rate of recycling of sulfur from urine, feces and litter applied to the soil surface

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr9940543 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 543 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

GJ Blair ◽

AR Till ◽

C Boswell

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Plant Litter ◽

Test Plant ◽

Soil P ◽

S Uptake ◽

Organic Matter Pool ◽

Preferential Uptake ◽

Soil Organic Matter Pool

The recycling of S from plant litter, dung and urine is an important process for supplying S for pastures. A pot experiment was conducted where 35S-labelled litter (25% white clover/38% ryegrass/21% weed) and S-35-labelled urine and faeces collected from sheep fed the same herbage as was used as litter was surface applied to pots and the fate of the applied S was followed for 100 days with ryegrass as the test plant. In camp soil, 45% of the S applied in urine was taken up by ryegrass plants within 12 days of application. In non-camp soil, the uptake of urine-S was about 20% over the same period. Cumulative uptake of 35S from urine in camp soil was subsequently restricted, with a maximum of 60% eventually measured in plants after 100 days. Mean rates of release of S (0-37 days) from litter and faeces was respectively 16.2 and 4.5 mg g-1 day-1. The calculated half-times from S in the two materials were respectively 43 and 154 days under controlled environmental conditions with adequate moisture. Litter S followed organic matter (OM) decomposition, but faecal S release was initially more rapid than faecal OM decomposition. There was little S release from faeces after day 25. Rather, S was immobilized in faeces during the 25-100 day period. The decomposition of litter and faeces was divided into an initial rapid process during which soluble S and more labile S was released, followed by a slower process involving the release of S from tissues more resistant to mineralization. The uptake of 35S from labelled materials was initially more rapid than would be expected for total S released from the added litter and faeces and the 35Suptake effect was short-lived relative to the continued effect of added material on total S uptake. The preferential uptake of 35S from the surface-applied material appears to be due to limited root development at the early stages of the experiment. Movement of 35S into the soil organic matter pool was very rapid; 58.4% of urine S was in the soil organic matter fraction in the non-camp soil by day 6. The amount of applied S in the organic matter equilibrated at about day 75. The accumulation of applied S from the materials added was greater than that recorded in previously reported studies for inorganic sulfate (e.g. about 50%). Soil P and S status had little effect on rates of release of S. from the applied materials, however, the effect of the camp and non-camp soil on total S recycling was markedly different as a result of the different amounts of plant growth and thus S uptake in the two soils. The decomposition of litter indicated peak rates of S release at two specific times over the 100 days and indicated successional changes in micro-organism activity. With faeces, the experiment was not continued for sufficiently long to show micro-organism effects.

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