Bases for commutative semigroups and groups

2008 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
NEIL HINDMAN ◽  
DONA STRAUSS
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Finite Order ◽  
Commutative Semigroup ◽  
Finite Subset ◽  
Surprising Result ◽  
Commutative Semigroups ◽  
Or Groups

AbstractA base for a commutative semigroup (S, +) is an indexed set 〈xt〉t∈A in S such that each element x ∈ S is uniquely representable as Σt∈Fxt where F is a finite subset of A and, if S has an identity 0, then 0 = Σn∈Øxt. We investigate those commutative semigroups or groups which have a base. We obtain the surprising result that has a base. More generally, we show that an abelian group has a base if and only if it has no elements of odd finite order.

scholarly journals Commutative semigroups whose endomorphisms are power functions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Mazurek
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Power Function ◽  
Cyclic Group ◽  
Commutative Semigroup ◽  
Commutative Monoid ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Commutative Semigroups ◽  
Finite Cyclic Group

AbstractFor any commutative semigroup S and positive integer m the power function $$f: S \rightarrow S$$ f : S → S defined by $$f(x) = x^m$$ f ( x ) = x m is an endomorphism of S. We partly solve the Lesokhin–Oman problem of characterizing the commutative semigroups whose all endomorphisms are power functions. Namely, we prove that every endomorphism of a commutative monoid S is a power function if and only if S is a finite cyclic group, and that every endomorphism of a commutative ACCP-semigroup S with an idempotent is a power function if and only if S is a finite cyclic semigroup. Furthermore, we prove that every endomorphism of a nontrivial commutative atomic monoid S with 0, preserving 0 and 1, is a power function if and only if either S is a finite cyclic group with zero adjoined or S is a cyclic nilsemigroup with identity adjoined. We also prove that every endomorphism of a 2-generated commutative semigroup S without idempotents is a power function if and only if S is a subsemigroup of the infinite cyclic semigroup.

Weakly atomic-compact relational structures

1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Fuhrken ◽  
W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Model Theory ◽  
Compact Abelian Group ◽  
Finite Subset ◽  
Relational Structure ◽  
Similarity Type ◽  
First Order ◽  
Relational Structures ◽  
Order Language ◽  
Weakly Atomic

A relational structure is called weakly atomic-compact if and only if every set Σ of atomic formulas (taken from the first-order language of the similarity type of augmented by a possibly uncountable set of additional variables as “unknowns”) is satisfiable in whenever every finite subset of Σ is so satisfiable. This notion (as well as some related ones which will be mentioned in §4) was introduced by J. Mycielski as a generalization to model theory of I. Kaplansky's notion of an algebraically compact Abelian group (cf. [5], [7], [1], [8]).

Elementary Abelian Cartesian Groups Cartesian Groups

1988 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1315-1321
Author(s):  
John L. Hayden
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Finite Order ◽  
Cartesian Group ◽  
Square Matrix

Throughout the paper, G will denote an additively written, but not always abelian, group of finite order n; and X = (xij) will denote a square matrix of order n with entries from G and whose rows and columns are numbered 0, 1, …, n − 1. We call X a cartesian array (afforded by G) if(1.1) The sequence {−xmi + xki, i = 0,…, n – 1} contains all elements of G whenever k ≠ m.By a theorem of Jungnickel (see Theorem 2.2 in [5]), the transpose of a cartesian array is also a cartesian array. We call G a cartesian group if there is a cartesian array X afforded by G. In this case, we also call (G, X) a cartesian pair.

scholarly journals The regular radical of semigroup rings of commutative semigroups

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Kelarev
Keyword(s):  
Regular Semigroup ◽  
Commutative Semigroup ◽  
General Problem ◽  
Associative Ring ◽  
Complete Solution ◽  
Group Rings ◽  
Semigroup Rings ◽  
Regular Group ◽  
Commutative Semigroups

A description of regular group rings is well known (see [12]). Various authors have considered regular semigroup rings (see [17], [8], [10], [11], [4]). These rings have been characterized for many important classes of semigroups, although the general problem turns out to be rather difficult and still has not got a complete solution. It seems natural to describe the regular radical in semigroup rings for semigroups of the classes mentioned. In [10], the regular semigroup rings of commutative semigroups were described. The aim of the present paper is to characterize the regular radical ρ(R[S]) for each associative ring R and commutative semigroup S.

On the Jacobson radical of semigroup rings of commutative semigroups

1990 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Kelarev
Keyword(s):  
Commutative Semigroup ◽  
Jacobson Radical ◽  
Associative Ring ◽  
Complete Solution ◽  
Semigroup Rings ◽  
Commutative Semigroups ◽  
Free Commutative Semigroup

Many authors have considered the radicals of semigroup rings of commutative semigroups. A list of the papers pertaining to this field is contained in [4]. In [1] Amitsur proved that, for any associative ring R and for every free commutative semigroup S, the equalities B(RS) = B(R)S and L(RS) = L(R)S hold, where B is the Baer radical and L is the Levitsky radical. A natural problem which arises is to describe semigroup rings RS such that π(RS) = π(R)S, where π is one of the most important radicals. For the Baer and Levitsky radicals and commutative semigroups a complete solution of the above problem follows from theorems 2·8 and 3·1 of [15].

Almost Commutative Semigroups

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (spec01) ◽  
pp. 881-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ahmadidelir ◽  
C. M. Campbell ◽  
H. Doostie
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Natural Question ◽  
Infinite Class ◽  
Commutative Semigroups ◽  
Arbitrary Semigroup

The commutativity degree of groups and rings has been studied by certain authors since 1973, and the main result obtained is [Formula: see text], where Pr (A) is the commutativity degree of a non-abelian group (or ring) A. Verifying this inequality for an arbitrary semigroup A is a natural question, and in this paper, by presenting an infinite class of finite non-commutative semigroups, we prove that the commutativity degree may be arbitrarily close to 1. We name this class of semigroups the almost commutative or approximately abelian semigroups.

scholarly journals Solution of Several Functional Equations on Nonunital Semigroups Using Wilson’s Functional Equations with Involution

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeyoung Chung ◽  
Prasanna K. Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Commutative Semigroup ◽  
Functional Equations ◽  
Complex Numbers ◽  
Commutative Semigroups ◽  
General Solutions

LetSbe a nonunital commutative semigroup,σ:S→San involution, andCthe set of complex numbers. In this paper, first we determine the general solutionsf,g:S→Cof Wilson’s generalizations of d’Alembert’s functional equations  fx+y+fx+σy=2f(x)g(y)andfx+y+fx+σy=2g(x)f(y)on nonunital commutative semigroups, and then using the solutions of these equations we solve a number of other functional equations on more general domains.

scholarly journals Constant Distortion Embeddings of Symmetric Diversities

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bryant ◽  
Paul F. Tupper
Keyword(s):  
Finite Subset ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Surprising Result ◽  
A Value ◽  
Minimal Distortion

AbstractDiversities are like metric spaces, except that every finite subset, instead of just every pair of points, is assigned a value. Just as there is a theory of minimal distortion embeddings of fiite metric spaces into L1, there is a similar, yet undeveloped, theory for embedding finite diversities into the diversity analogue of L1 spaces. In the metric case, it iswell known that an n-point metric space can be embedded into L1 withO(log n) distortion. For diversities, the optimal distortion is unknown. Here, we establish the surprising result that symmetric diversities, those in which the diversity (value) assigned to a set depends only on its cardinality, can be embedded in L1 with constant distortion.

scholarly journals A characterization of Commutative Semigroups

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 5150-5155
Author(s):  
Dr. D. Mrudula Devi Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Semigroup ◽  
Regular Semigroup ◽  
Commutative Semigroup ◽  
Zero Semigroup ◽  
Completely Regular Semigroup ◽  
Semi Group ◽  
Commutative Semigroups ◽  
Completely Regular ◽  
Left Regular

This paper deals with some results on commutative semigroups. We consider (s,.) is externally commutative right zero semigroup is regular if it is intra regular and (s,.) is externally commutative semigroup then every inverse semigroup  is u – inverse semigroup. We will also prove that if (S,.) is a H -  semigroup then weakly cancellative laws hold in H - semigroup. In one case we will take (S,.) is commutative left regular semi group and we will prove that (S,.) is ∏ - inverse semigroup. We will also consider (S,.) is commutative weakly balanced semigroup  and then prove every left (right) regular semigroup is weakly separate, quasi separate and separate. Additionally, if (S,.) is completely regular semigroup we will prove that (S,.) is permutable and weakly separtive. One a conclusing note we will show and prove some theorems related to permutable semigroups and GC commutative Semigroups.

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