scholarly journals RE: Neuroscience in Nazi Europe Part I: Eugenics, Human Experimentation, and Mass Murder

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Zeidman
Keyword(s):  
Mass Murder ◽  
Human Experimentation

Setting the stage for mass murder and human experimentation

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-138
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Zeidman
Keyword(s):  
Mass Murder ◽  
Human Experimentation ◽  
Nazi Party ◽  
Racial Hygiene

With Hitler’s 1933 power seizure, the fate of roughly 9000 political and racial “enemy” neuroscientists was sealed. In the “Gleichschaltung,” or coordination of German neuroscience, step-wise legal and professional sanctions occurred against “non-Aryan” neuroscientists at every university neurology department in Germany. These were either dismissed within the first months of the Nazi takeover or by the passage of the 1935 Nuremberg Laws. Sometimes the dismissed neuroscientists were forcibly removed by colleagues and sometimes they were arrested and imprisoned for trumped-up charges. Even private neurologists were forbidden from seeing insurance panel patients. Half of all German doctors joined the Nazi party, eager to take the positions vacated by their Jewish and communist comrades. The German neurology and psychiatry societies were merged to facilitate Gleichschaltung and Nazi influence on the specialties. And flourishing research and clinical programs were halted and then replaced by the racial hygiene agenda of the Nazi state.

scholarly journals Neuroscience in Nazi Europe Part I: Eugenics, Human Experimentation, and Mass Murder

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 696-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Zeidman
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Mass Murder ◽  
Human Experimentation ◽  
Neurologic Disease ◽  
Racial Hygiene ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
Mental Defectives ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

ABSTRACT:The Nazi regime in Germany from 1933 to 1945 waged a veritable war throughout Europe to eliminate neurologic disease from the gene pool. Fueled by eugenic policies on racial hygiene, the Nazis first undertook a sterilization campaign against “mental defectives,” which included neurologic patients with epilepsy and other disorders, as well as psychiatric patients. From 1939-41 the Nazis instead resorted to ”euthanasia” of many of the same patients. Some neuroscientists were collaborators in this program, using patients for research, or using extracted brains following their murder. Other reviews have focused on Hallervorden, Spatz, Schaltenbrand, Scherer, and Gross, but in this review the focus is on neuroscientists not well described in the neurology literature, including Scholz, Ostertag, Schneider, Nachtsheim, and von Weizsäcker. Only by understanding the actions of neuroscientists during this dark period can we learn from the slippery slope down which they traveled, and prevent history from repeating itself.

Preventing suicide preceded by mass murder

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
CARL C. BELL
Keyword(s):  
Mass Murder

Book Reviews and Review Essay

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
Melissa Raphael ◽  
Dorothea Magonet ◽  
Frank Dabba Smith
Keyword(s):  
Review Essay ◽  
Mass Murder ◽  
The Real ◽  
Nazi Persecution ◽  
Union College

Tony Bayfield, Being Jewish Today: Confronting the Real Issues, Bloomsbury Continuum, 2019, £18.99 Marika Henriques, The Hidden Girl: The Journey of a Soul, Shepheard-Walwyn Publishers Ltd., 2018, £25.00 Marc Saperstein, Agony in the Pulpit: Jewish Preaching in Response to Nazi Persecution and Mass Murder 1933–1945, Hebrew Union College Press, 2018, $95.00

EXPEDITION TO MALI, 2020

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-28
Author(s):  
D. V. Vaniukova ◽  
◽  
P. A. Kutsenkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Murder ◽  
The State ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
State Museum ◽  
Bobo Dioulasso ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
The Village

The research expedition of the Institute of Oriental studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences has been working in Mali since 2015. Since 2017, it has been attended by employees of the State Museum of the East. The task of the expedition is to study the transformation of traditional Dogon culture in the context of globalization, as well as to collect ethnographic information (life, customs, features of the traditional social and political structure); to collect oral historical legends; to study the history, existence, and transformation of artistic tradition in the villages of the Dogon Country in modern conditions; collecting items of Ethnography and art to add to the collection of the African collection of the. Peter the Great Museum (Kunstkamera, Saint Petersburg) and the State Museum of Oriental Arts (Moscow). The plan of the expedition in January 2020 included additional items, namely, the study of the functioning of the antique market in Mali (the “path” of things from villages to cities, which is important for attributing works of traditional art). The geography of our research was significantly expanded to the regions of Sikasso and Koulikoro in Mali, as well as to the city of Bobo-Dioulasso and its surroundings in Burkina Faso, which is related to the study of migrations to the Bandiagara Highlands. In addition, the plan of the expedition included organization of a photo exhibition in the Museum of the village of Endé and some educational projects. Unfortunately, after the mass murder in March 2019 in the village of Ogossogou-Pel, where more than one hundred and seventy people were killed, events in the Dogon Country began to develop in the worst-case scenario: The incessant provocations after that revived the old feud between the Pel (Fulbe) pastoralists and the Dogon farmers. So far, this hostility and mutual distrust has not yet developed into a full-scale ethnic conflict, but, unfortunately, such a development now seems quite likely.

Renaissance Mass Murder

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Bowd
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social History ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Mass Murder ◽  
Early Modern Europe ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Italian Wars ◽  
Human Tragedy

Renaissance Mass Murder explores the devastating impact of war on the men and women of the Renaissance. In contrast to the picture of balance and harmony usually associated with the Renaissance, it uncovers in forensic detail a world in which sacks of Italian cities and massacres of civilians at the hands of French, German, Spanish, Swiss, and Italian troops were regular occurrences. The arguments presented are based on a wealth of evidence—histories and chronicles, poetry and paintings, sculpture and other objects—which together provide a new and startling history of sixteenth-century Italy and a social history of the Italian Wars. It outlines how massacres happened, how princes, soldiers, lawyers, and writers, justified and explained such events, and how they were represented in contemporary culture. On this basis the book reconstructs the terrifying individual experiences of civilians in the face of war and in doing so offers a story of human tragedy which redresses the balance of the history of the Italian Wars, and of Renaissance warfare, in favour of the civilian and away from the din of the battlefield. This book also places mass murder in a broader historical context and challenges claims that such violence was unusual or in decline in early modern Europe. Finally, it shows that women often suffered disproportionately from this violence and that immunity for them, as for their children, was often partially developed or poorly respected.

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