Phylogenetic analysis of H and N2 genes of avian influenza viruses detected in Ireland between 2003 and 2007

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (8) ◽  
pp. 1191-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. RALEIGH ◽  
O. FLYNN ◽  
M. O'CONNOR ◽  
D. MINIHAN ◽  
J. CONNELL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Dabbling Ducks ◽  
Avian Influenza Viruses ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
National Centre ◽  
Neuraminidase Subtype ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

SUMMARYPhylogenetic analysis was performed on the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase subtype N2 genes of low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) detected in Ireland between 2003 and 2007. Nucleotide sequences were compared to previously published sequences from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information. Sequences from viruses of the same subtype isolated in different years were compared to examine the possibility that LPAIVs may have been maintained in Ireland from year to year. All viruses had closest identity with published sequences of European lineage, supporting the conclusion that LPAIVs had been introduced to Ireland by dabbling ducks that had migrated from Europe. The data suggested that different subtypes of virus had been introduced each year. However, there was evidence that some LPAIVs may have been maintained in the sedentary waterfowl population for consecutive seasons. Furthermore, almost identical H6 and H10 sequences with different N types were found in isolates from the same season, suggesting that reassortment had occurred.

scholarly journals Detection of Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Wild Ducks from Canada: Comparison of Two Sampling Methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jane Parmley ◽  
Catherine Soos ◽  
André Breault ◽  
Madeleine Fortin ◽  
Emily Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Avian Influenza Viruses ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

Opposite outcomes of the within-host competition between highly and low pathogenic H5N8 avian influenza viruses in chickens compared to ducks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Bessière ◽  
Thomas Figueroa ◽  
Amelia Coggon ◽  
Charlotte Foret-Lucas ◽  
Alexandre Houffschmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Viral Evolution ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Avian Influenza Viruses ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) emerge from low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIV) through the introduction of basic amino acids at the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site. Following viral evolution, the newly formed HPAIV likely represents a minority variant within the index host, predominantly infected with the LPAIV precursor. Using reverse-genetics engineered H5N8 viruses differing solely at the HA cleavage, we tested the hypothesis that the interaction between the minority HPAIV and the majority LPAIV could modulate the risk of HPAIV emergence and that the nature of the interaction could depend on the host species. In chickens, we observed that the H5N8 LP increased H5N8 HP replication and pathogenesis. By contrast, the H5N8 LP antagonized H5N8 HP replication and pathogenesis in ducks. Ducks mounted a more potent antiviral innate immune response than chickens against the H5N8 LP , which correlated with H5N8 HP inhibition. These data provide experimental evidence that HPAIV may be more likely to emerge in chickens than in ducks and underscore the importance of within-host viral variants interactions in viral evolution. IMPORTANCE Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses represent a threat to poultry production systems and to human health because of their impact on food security and because of their zoonotic potential. It is therefore crucial to better understand how these viruses emerge. Using a within-host competition model between highly and low pathogenic avian influenza viruses, we provide evidence that highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses could be more likely to emerge in chickens than in ducks. These results have important implications for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus emergence prevention and they underscore the importance of within-host viral variants interactions in virus evolution.

Characterization of two low pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated in Hungary in 2007

2010 ◽  
Vol 145 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsófia Szeleczky ◽  
Ádám Bálint ◽  
Péter Gyarmati ◽  
Giorgi Metreveli ◽  
Ádám Dán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Avian Influenza Viruses ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

scholarly journals Surveillance for low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in live-bird markets in Oyo and Ogun States, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Comfort Oluladun Aiki-Raji ◽  
Adebowale Idris Adebiyi ◽  
Victor Ibukun Agbajelola ◽  
Shakirat Adeola Adetunji ◽  
Quadri Lameed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Avian Influenza Viruses ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Live Bird Markets ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Live Bird

scholarly journals Adaptive Heterosubtypic Immunity to Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Experimentally Infected Mallards

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e0170335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Segovia ◽  
David E. Stallknecht ◽  
Darrell R. Kapczynski ◽  
Lisa Stabler ◽  
Roy D. Berghaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Avian Influenza Viruses ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Heterosubtypic Immunity ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

scholarly journals H5N1 infections in cats – public health implications

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Collective Influenza team (ECDC)
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Avian Influenza Viruses ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Natural Reservoir ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

The natural reservoir of influenza viruses is generally considered to be wild waterbirds. In this animal group, many species of influenza viruses circulate without seeming to cause much disease, and are therefore known as ‘low pathogenic’ avian influenza viruses

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