Attachment security in preschoolers with and without externalizing behavior problems: A replication

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T. Greenberg ◽  
Matthew L. Speltz ◽  
Michelle DeKlyen ◽  
Marya C. Endriga
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Externalizing Behavior Problems ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Methodological Rigor ◽  
Attachment Research ◽  
Exact Replication

AbstractThis study attempted to replicate previous findings that indicated that preschool-aged children with significant externalizing problems are more likely to have insecure attachment relations than nonproblem peers (Speltz, Greenberg, & DeKlyen, 1990). Fifty children (ages 3–6) and their mothers participated; 25 referred to a child psychiatry clinic for one of the DSM-IIIR Disruptive Behavior Disorders, and 25 matched comparisons without externalizing behavior problems. Attachment was measured at the time of referral using two separation and reunion sequences in a clinic context. We found that 80% of the clinic-referred children were classified as insecure, whereas only 28% of the comparisons were so classified (p <.001). Further, a high percentage of clinic insecure children showed a controlling pattern of attachment. Thus, the present study, with improved methodological rigor, provided an almost exact replication to previous results. The discussion focuses on what contribution attachment research can provide to a developmental psychopathology perspective on early externalizing disorders.

Treating Emotion Dysregulation in Externalizing Disorders

2018 ◽  
pp. 426-442
Author(s):  
Dominika A. Winiarski ◽  
April L. Brown ◽  
Niranjan S. Karnik ◽  
Patricia A. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Externalizing Behavior Problems ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Regulatory Strategies ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Externalizing behaviors are characterized by outward displays of aggression, impulsivity, and deceitfulness, and are often taken out on an individual’s environment or on another person in that environment. One of the proposed underlying risk factors for externalizing behavior is emotion dysregulation. This chapter summarizes several empirically supported treatments for emotion dysregulation among children, adolescents, and adults with externalizing behavior problems. Cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness-based, and dialectical behavioral therapy approaches are reviewed, with particular emphasis on the importance of matching the aforementioned empirically based treatments to the developmental level of the patient. Furthermore, this chapter summarizes notable work that has been done to identify children at risk for externalizing behavior problems earlier in development, and to then subsequently teach emotion regulatory strategies in a preventative manner. Clinical implications and future directions for research are also discussed.

scholarly journals Comparison of Mindfulness, Psychological Capital, and Self-Compassion between Students with Externalizing Behavior Problems and Normal Students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Sadat Mirhosseini ◽  
Zahra Motahari Nasab ◽  
Moslem Asli Azad
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Externalizing Behavior Problems ◽  
P Value ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Mindfulness Skills ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Academic Year

Background: The aim of this research was to compare mindfulness, psychological capital, and self-compassion between students with externalizing problems and normal students in Isfahan city, Iran. Methods: The statistical population of this case-control study included all the students with externalizing problems and normal students in Isfahan city in the academic year of 2017 - 2018. We used purposive non-probability sampling to collect the samples. In this regard, 100 students with externalizing problems and 100 normal students were selected and asked to complete questionnaires.  The questionnaires used in this study included Mindfulness Skills questionnaires, Self-compassion questionnaire, and PSY CAP questionnaires. The data were analyzed by SPSS23 using analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that the mindfulness, PSY CAP, and self-compassion were significantly different between the two groups (P-value < 0.0001). The students with externalizing problems had lower scores in mindfulness, PSY CAP, and self-compassion than the normal students. Conclusion: Students with externalizing behavior problems had lower mental health due to their vulnerable cognitive and psychological processes. Accordingly, mindfulness, PSY CAP, and self-compassion scores were significantly different between the normal students and those with externalizing problems. Considering this difference, we suggest the authorities to pay enough attention to such varieties and conduct appropriate interventions accordingly.   Keywords: Mindfulness, Psychological Capital, Self-Compassion, Externalizing Problems

scholarly journals Respiratory sinus arrhythmia as a moderator of early maltreatment effects on later externalizing problems

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra R. Tabachnick ◽  
Christina Moore ◽  
K. Lee Raby ◽  
Alison Goldstein ◽  
Lindsay Zajac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Externalizing Behavior Problems ◽  
Theoretical Idea ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia

Abstract Physiological regulation may interact with early experiences such as maltreatment to increase risk for behavior problems. In the current study, we investigate the role of parasympathetic nervous system regulation (respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA] at rest and in response to a frustration task) as a moderator of the association between early risk for maltreatment (i.e., involvement with Child Protective Services; CPS) and externalizing behavior problems in middle childhood. CPS involvement was associated with elevated externalizing problems, but only among children with average to high RSA at rest and average to high RSA withdrawal in response to frustration. Effects appeared to be specific to CPS involvement as the association between cumulative risk (i.e., nonmaltreatment experiences of early adversity) and externalizing problems was not significantly moderated by RSA activity. These findings are consistent with the theoretical idea that the consequences of early maltreatment for later externalizing behavior problems depend on children's biological regulation abilities.

scholarly journals Get them before they get you: Trust, trustworthiness, and social cognition in boys with and without externalizing behavior problems

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 647-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Sharp ◽  
Carolyn HA ◽  
Peter Fonagy
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Externalizing Behavior Problems ◽  
Trust Game ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Economic Exchange ◽  
Community Groups

AbstractEconomic exchange games have rarely been applied to examine psychopathology in youth. In the current study we adapted a trust game to investigate the relations between externalizing behavior problems, trust, and trustworthiness. We were particularly interested in the differential modulating impact of “known identity” (vs. anonymous) condition of the task. Second, we examined whether anomalies in trust behavior would correspond to social cognition manifested in children with externalizing problems. A total of 171 (79 age-matched pairs) boys (mean age = 12.84; SD = 1.80) were recruited from community groups where social networks and relationships amongst peers have been established. A trust game was played under two conditions: an anonymous version where the identity of the trust game partner was not known and a “known identity” version where identities were revealed. Results supported the conclusion that boys with externalizing behavior problems are generally less trustworthy, but not less trusting and that this was true especially for the known identity version of the game. Moreover, anomalies in trust behavior were associated with hostile intentions, but not reflective of a general theory of mind deficit. This study contributes to an emerging literature using economic exchange games to investigate real-time, real-life exchanges in relation to psychopathology.

scholarly journals Peer rejection in childhood, involvement with antisocial peers in early adolescence, and the development of externalizing behavior problems

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT D. LAIRD ◽  
KRISTI Y. JORDAN ◽  
KENNETH A. DODGE ◽  
GREGORY S. PETTIT ◽  
JOHN E. BATES
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Peer Rejection ◽  
Externalizing Behavior Problems ◽  
Peer Relationship ◽  
Relationship Experiences ◽  
Early Starter

A longitudinal, prospective design was used to examine the roles of peer rejection in middle childhood and antisocial peer involvement in early adolescence in the development of adolescent externalizing behavior problems. Both early starter and late starter pathways were considered. Classroom sociometric interviews from ages 6 through 9 years, adolescent reports of peers' behavior at age 13 years, and parent, teacher, and adolescent self-reports of externalizing behavior problems from age 5 through 14 years were available for 400 adolescents. Results indicate that experiencing peer rejection in elementary school and greater involvement with antisocial peers in early adolescence are correlated but that these peer relationship experiences may represent two different pathways to adolescent externalizing behavior problems. Peer rejection experiences, but not involvement with antisocial peers, predict later externalizing behavior problems when controlling for stability in externalizing behavior. Externalizing problems were most common when rejection was experienced repeatedly. Early externalizing problems did not appear to moderate the relation between peer rejection and later problem behavior. Discussion highlights multiple pathways connecting externalizing behavior problems from early childhood through adolescence with peer relationship experiences in middle childhood and early adolescence.

Intervention for anxiety helps to reduce symptoms of depression and externalizing behavior problems

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Suveg ◽  
J. L. Hudson ◽  
G. Brewer ◽  
E. Flannery-Schroeder ◽  
E. Gosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Externalizing Behavior Problems ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression

Resilience in Adolescence: Prospective Self Moderates the Association of Early Life Adversity with Psychopathology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Elizabeth Zinn ◽  
Edward Huntley ◽  
Daniel Keating
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Early Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Externalizing Behavior Problems ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Latent Construct

Introduction. Early life adversity (ELA) can result in negative health-outcomes, including psychopathology. Evidence suggests that adolescence is a critical developmental period for processing ELA. Identity formation, which is crucial to this developmental period, may moderate the effect between ELA and psychopathology. One potential moderating variable associated with identity formation is Prospective Self, a latent construct comprised of future-oriented attitudes and behaviors.Methods. Participants are from the first wave of an ongoing longitudinal study designed to characterize behavioral and cognitive correlates of risk behavior trajectories. A community sample of 10th and 12th grade adolescents (N = 2017, 55% female) were recruited from nine public school districts across eight Southeastern Michigan counties in the United States. Data were collected in schools during school hours or after school via self-report, computer-administered surveys. Structural equation modeling was used in the present study to assess Prospective Self as a latent construct and to evaluate the relationship between ELA, psychopathology, and Prospective Self.Results. Preliminary findings indicated a satisfactory fit for the construct Prospective Self. The predicted negative associations between Prospective Self and psychopathology were found and evidence of moderation was observed for externalizing behavior problems, such that the effects of ELA were lower for individuals with higher levels of Prospective Self. Conclusion. These results support the role of Prospective Self in conferring resilience against externalizing behavior problems associated with ELA among adolescents. Keywords: Adolescence, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Psychopathology, Self-concept, Adolescent Health, Early Life Adversity

Child-Related Disagreements, Verbal Aggression, and Children's Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior Problems.

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Lee ◽  
Christine Beauregard ◽  
Karen A. Bax
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Externalizing Behavior Problems ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing
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