Repetitive TMS as a Probe of Mood In Health and Disease

AbstractRecent advances in functional neuroimaging (including positron emission tomography, single-photon emission tomography, and fast magnetic resonance imaging) have allowed better understanding of the brain regions involved in regulating normal and pathological moods. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has the ability to stimulate or temporarily impair brain regions, which makes it a powerful tool for directly testing theories of the neurologic basis of mood regulation.

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In vivo neuropharmacology of schizophrenia

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/s0007125000298085 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 174 (S38) ◽

pp. 23-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

V. Bigliani ◽

L. S. Pilowsky

Keyword(s):

Single Photon ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Emission Tomography ◽

Binding Assays ◽

Single Photon Emission ◽

Positron Emission ◽

The Brain ◽

Major Target

Since the introduction of chlorpromazine in the 1950s, followed by the discovery (with in vitro receptor binding assays), in the mid-1970s, that antipsychotic drugs block a subtype of dopamine receptor (D2/D2-like) (Creese et al, 1976) and that affinity for these receptors appears to correlate directly with clinical potency for antipsychotics (Peroutka & Synder, 1980), the study of neurotransmitters and receptors has been a major target of schizophrenia research (Owens, 1996). In 1983, the first visualisation, by positron emission tomography (PET), of the binding of D2 dopamine receptors in the brain of a living human subject was reported (Wagner et al, 1983). Following this, the number of research studies using PET and single photon emission tomography (SPET) has increased enormously.

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Radionuclide Imaging in Parkinson’s Disease: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Disease Progression

Journal of Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1106/76vr-vnp7-t1ew-6hgy ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 341-350

Author(s):

Doris J. Doudet

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Single Photon ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Disease Diagnosis ◽

Emission Tomography ◽

Single Photon Emission ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Effect Of Therapy ◽

The Brain

This paper reviews the abilities of positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) to detect Parkinson’s disease, monitor its progression and the effect of therapy. It also provides insights on the role these two modalities provide in terms of discriminating atypical syndromes from Parkinson’s disease. Both PET and SPECT are sensitive means of detecting alterations in metabolism and blood flow in the brain and impairments in neurotransmitter function, especially dopaminergic, in the striatum and, more recently, in extrastriatal structures. To date, PET presents the added advantage of quantification, better sensitivity and resolution and a greater variety of tracers for both the dopaminergic and nondopaminergic systems.

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Imaging drug action in schizophrenia: research update

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(03)80003-2 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (S2) ◽

pp. 32s-37s ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marc Laruelle ◽

Anissa Abi-Dargham

Keyword(s):

Functional Neuroimaging ◽

Single Photon ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Drug Action ◽

Emission Tomography ◽

Single Photon Emission ◽

Computerised Tomography ◽

Positron Emission ◽

And Function

Functional neuroimaging using techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT) provide a direct in vivo assessment of the expression and function of neuroreceptors, transporters and enzymes. This article examines the technical aspects of molecular imaging and the application of those techniques in drug development.

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