Effect of Non-flooded Plastic Film Mulching Cultivation for Rice in Southeast China

Weed Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yang ◽  
Wenhai Mi ◽  
Xiaoli Tan ◽  
Lianghuan Wu ◽  
Vladimir G. Onipchenko
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Plastic Film Mulching ◽  
Weed Diversity ◽  
Film Mulching

The effects of non-flooded plastic film mulching cultivation (PM) and polymer-coated urea (PCU) on rice yield, soil properties, and weed diversity were investigated in experimental plots of rice monoculture in Lanxi, China. The combination of PM and PCU increased rice yield. Compared with traditional flooded cultivation, under PM, soil pH remained higher, but decreased soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium in the 0- to 10-cm soil layer. Soil fertility influenced winter weed communities, with hairy bittercress, Asian mazus, and shortawn foxtail being the most abundant species. Multivariate analysis indicated that changes in the winter weed species diversity were primarily due to exchangeable potassium. PCU had no significant influence on weed diversity, while plots without nitrogen fertilizer had higher spring-germinating weed density.

Effects of Re-Used Plastic Film Mulching on Soil Temperature and Sunflower’s Emergence

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 5390-5394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Guo Shi ◽  
Jing Hui Liu ◽  
Bao Ping Zhao ◽  
Li Xin Jia ◽  
Qin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Agricultural Pollution ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Plastic Film Mulching ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Accumulated Temperature ◽  
Film Mulching

Aiming at reducing agricultural pollution caused by plastic film, the study compared with new plastic film mulching and bare field, to investigating the effects of re-used plastic film mulching on soil temperatures, seed emergence and all seedlings period were studied in Hetao area, China. The results showed that, (1) compared with bare field, the soil temperature of re-used film mulching increased 1.3~4.0 °C and 0.7~1.8 °C separately in the highest and lowest temperature stage. The soil average temperature of upper soil layer (0~20 cm) increased 1.7~2.1°C, and 1.3~2.0 °C lower than new film mulching. (2) Compared with bare field, Daily maximum and minimum temperatures of re-used film mulching were postponed about 1 hour, similar as new film mulching. (3) During emergence stage (7 days after sowing), accumulated temperature of re-used film mulching was 21.6°Cand 23.8 °C higher than that of bare field in depth of 5 cm and 10 cm. Compared with new film mulching, it was 12.4 °Cand 10.0 °C lower in depth of 5 cm and 10 cm. (4) Mulching with re-used film could effectively shorten seed germination for 1-2 days and shorten all seedlings period for 2-3 days compared with bare field, and no difference with new film mulching.

scholarly journals Effects of Irrigation Techniques on Yield, Quality and Water Use Efficiency of Greenhouse Grown Celery (Apium graveolens L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenglin Wang ◽  
Chen Luo ◽  
Yue Xie ◽  
Xiaotang Jiang ◽  
Yixin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Plastic Film Mulching ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Film Mulching

Abstract Background: Traditional irrigation methods in protected vegetable production such as furrow irrigation result in low water use efficiency. New techniques, such as drip irrigation, micro-sprinkling irrigation have been developed for improving water use efficiency. However, these techniques have not been tested in greenhouse celery production. In this study, three different irrigation techniques micro-sprinkler irrigation (MS), furrow irrigation under plastic film mulching (PF) and micro-sprinkler irrigation under the plastic film mulching (MSP) were investigated whether the three techniques can improve the yield, quality and water use efficiency of greenhouse-grown celery, compared to furrow irrigation (FI). Results: The individual plant weight of celery was higher under MS, PF and MSP than under FI in both autumn season crop (AC) and spring season crop (SC), compared to FI. In AC and SC, the economic yield of celery increases under MSP by 54.18% and 49.55%, the economic yield of celery increases under PF by 30.37% and 34.10%. The irrigation amount of MSP was 151.69 and 179.91 m3 667 m-2 in AC and SC, which was 23.13% and 27.27% lower than that of FI. The irrigation amount of PF was 151.69 and 196.78 m3 667 m-2 in AC and SC, which was 23.13% and 20.45% lower than that of FI. PF and MSP reduced the irrigation amount of celery cultivation in greenhouse, and soil evaporation content. Conclusions: In short, MSP and PF promoted the growth and yield of celery in greenhouse with improved quality and water use efficiency.

Aggregate size distribution and associated carbon and nitrogen in mulched winter wheat and spring corn

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-379
Author(s):  
Xin Fu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Upendra M. Sainju ◽  
Wenzhao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Aggregation ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Straw Mulching ◽  
Plastic Film Mulching ◽  
C And N ◽  
Crop Types ◽  
Film Mulching

The influence of surface mulching on soil aggregation and associated carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) varies by mulching materials and crop types. The 6 yr effect of straw mulching (SM), plastic film mulching (PM), and no mulching (CK) on soil aggregation and associated C and N concentrations at 0–20 and 20–40 cm soil layers were studied under dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and spring corn (Zea mays L.) in the Loess Plateau of China. Regardless of crop types, aggregate proportion was greater in macroaggregates (2.00–10.00 mm), but lower in microaggregates (<0.50 mm) with mulching than without in both soil layers. The mean weight diameter of aggregates was greater with SM and PM than CK. Compared with CK and PM, SM increased soil organic C (SOC) and total N (STN) concentrations in both macroaggregates and bulk soil at 0–20 cm. Aggregate proportion and soil C and N concentrations at both depths were more pronounced in winter wheat than spring corn. The recovery rates of bulk soil SOC and STN in aggregates varied from 94% to 107%. Straw and plastic film mulching enhanced soil aggregation compared with no mulching. Straw mulching was more effective in increasing SOC and STN concentrations at the surface layer in dryland winter wheat and spring corn.

scholarly journals Main elements of nutrition content in the soil for maize crops, depending on the predecessors and methods of soil treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01103
Author(s):  
Alexey Kozhukhov ◽  
Alexander Gurin ◽  
Svetlana Rezvyakova
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Land Control

The article presents data on the study of the main nutrition elements in the soil under maize crops, depending on the predecessors and methods of soil treatment in the conditions of ordinary Chernozem. The object of research is a Krasnodarsky 194MV hybrid of maize. Variants: 1. Fallow arable land (control); 2. Lupine as green manure; 3. Peas as green manure; 4. Binary sowing of lupine and peas as green manure; 5. Soy as green manure. The experiment was repeated three times, field placement was randomized, and area of each was 120 m². Agrotechnics of maize cultivation in the experiment corresponded to the recommendations for this zone. Green manure was plowed in during its reproduction phase. In the variants with green mass plowing to a depth of 23–25 cm, the largest amount of nitrate nitrogen was in the soil layer 0–20 cm. In the specified soil horizon, before sowing maize, the content of nitrate nitrogen ranged, depending on the variant, from 24.7 mg/kg to 42.8 mg/kg. In the soil layer 20–40 cm, the amount of nitrogen was lower, just 19.4–29.5 mg/kg. Similar dependence was observed for maize during its flowering phase. Tillage methods had almost no effect on the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in the upper soil layer (0–20 cm). As in all the variants, the differences in this indicator were within the experimental error. However, the content of nitrate nitrogen during the growing season was different. The greatest amount of it was observed during the spring period, both in versions with plowing to a depth of 25–28 cm and in versions with blade loosening to a depth of 10–12 cm. The smallest amount of available phosphorus, regardless of the method of soil preparation, in the layer 0–20 cm was on fallow arable land – 122 mg/kg during the sowing period and 104 mg/kg during the flowering period. In variants with cultivation of legumes as green manure, the content of available phosphorus in the specified horizon was significantly chigher, being 147–171 mg/kg. The highest content of exchangeable potassium was provided by lupine – 209–213 mg/kg in the 0–20 cm soil layer, and lupine sown together with peas – 196–207 mg/kg. The minimum amount of exchangeable potassium was 143–146 mg/kg in fallow arable land, depending on the method of soil treatment.

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