Anomalous surface area change at an ultramicroelectrode during the reduction of molybdenum oxide powder in the absence of a solution phase

1991 ◽  
Vol 63 (24) ◽  
pp. 2984-2985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Jaworski ◽  
James A. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Molybdenum Oxide ◽  
Oxide Powder ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
Area Change ◽  
Anomalous Surface ◽  
Surface Area Change

scholarly journals Glacier change in the Cariboo Mountains, British Columbia, Canada (1952–2005)

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 3367-3411 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Beedle ◽  
B. Menounos ◽  
R. Wheate
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Glacier Change ◽  
Area Change ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
Surface Area Change

Abstract. We calculated dimensional change for 33 glaciers in the Cariboo Mountains of British Columbia for the latter half of the twentieth century. All glaciers receded during the period 1952–2005; area retreat averaged −0.19 ± 0.05% a−1. From 1952 to 1985, nine glaciers advanced. Following 1985, retreat rates accelerated to −0.41 ± 0.12% a−1. Thinning rates likewise accelerated, from −0.14 ± 0.04 m w.e. a−1 (1952–1985) to −0.50 ± 0.07 m w.e. a−1 for the period 1985–2005. Temperatures increased from the earlier to the latter period for the ablation (+0.38 °C) and accumulation (+0.87 °C) seasons, and average precipitation decreased, particularly in the accumulation season (−32 \\unit{mm}, −3.2%). Our comparison of surface area change with glacier morphometry corroborates previous studies that show primary relations between extent change and surface area. We also find, however, that the strength and sign of these relations varied for different epochs.

scholarly journals Lake Evolution in the Żnin Region in the Years 1912– 1960 (Central Poland)

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Ptak
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Volume Change ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Aquatic Resources ◽  
Area Change ◽  
Lake Evolution ◽  
Surface Area Change

Abstract The evolution of lakes, which, in the final stage, leads to their disappearance, is mainly based on the analysis of surface area change. However, there is one more, frequently overlooked process, which determines lake disappearance - namely the lake shallowing. The present paper presents the direction and rate of such evolution, taking both these processes into account. It is a comparative analysis of 9 lakes in the Żnin region - which has the greatest water deficit in the whole of Poland. Based on bathymetric plans from two periods (early 20th century and early 60’s of the 20th century), the author was able not only to evaluate the scale of surface area change but also to determine the value of lake basins volume change. Both these values were negative and amounted 9.1% and 14.9% respectively. Assuming that the said processes are invariable, the prospective period of lake functioning is about 500 years when taking into consideration surface area change only, and is 150 years shorter when allowing for aquatic resources change. The presented approach to lake disappearance analysis, which treats this phenomenon as a decline in aquatic resources rather than a simple decrease in surface area, is more reliable and therefore, scientific works in this field should take the results of lake shallowing into consideration.

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