Asymmetric Organocatalysis and Continuous Chemistry for an Efficient and Cost-Competitive Process to Pregabalin

Large Japanese banks often engaged in sham loan restructurings that kept credit flowing to otherwise insolvent borrowers (which we call zombies). We examine the implications of suppressing the normal competitive process whereby the zombies would shed workers and lose market share. The congestion created by the zombies reduces the profits for healthy firms, which discourages their entry and investment. We confirm that zombie-dominated industries exhibit more depressed job creation and destruction, and lower productivity. We present firm-level regressions showing that the increase in zombies depressed the investment and employment growth of non-zombies and widened the productivity gap between zombies and non-zombies. (JEL G21, G32, L25)

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Telecommunications Deregulation

The American Economic Review ◽

10.1257/aer.102.3.386 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 102 (3) ◽

pp. 386-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jerry A Hausman ◽

William E Taylor

Keyword(s):

Effective Competition ◽

Competitive Process ◽

Starting Point ◽

Telecommunications Deregulation

From Fred Kahn's writings and experiences as a telecommunications regulator and commenter, we draw the following conclusions: prices must be informed by costs; costs are actual incremental costs; costs and prices are an outcome of a Schumpeterian competitive process, not the starting point; excluding incumbents from markets is fundamentally anticompetitive; and a regulatory transition to deregulation entails propensities to micromanage the process to generate preferred outcomes, visible competitors and expedient price reductions. And most important, where effective competition takes place among platforms characterized by sunk investment—land-line telephony, cable and wireless —traditional regulation is unnecessary and likely to be anticompetitive.

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Pioneers of asymmetric organocatalysis win 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Chemical & Engineering News ◽

10.47287/cen-09937-leadcon ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 5-5

Author(s):

Leigh Krietsch Boerner

Keyword(s):

Nobel Prize ◽

Asymmetric Organocatalysis

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Designing Competition Policy for Telecommunications

Review of Network Economics ◽

10.2202/1446-9022.1160 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Glen O. Robinson ◽

Dennis L. Weisman

Keyword(s):

Competition Policy ◽

Consumer Welfare ◽

Dynamic Efficiency ◽

Short Term ◽

Competitive Outcome ◽

Static Efficiency ◽

Competitive Process ◽

Welfare Losses ◽

Network Sharing

This paper explores the role of the essential facilities doctrine in circumscribing the scope of network sharing obligations in telecommunications. Among other things it argues that a proper application of the doctrine of essential facilities should recognize the prominence of dynamic over static efficiency in promoting consumer welfare. Regulators may be averse to recognizing these tradeoffs because unlike the behavior of prices the welfare losses from foregone innovation may be unobservable to the regulators' constituency. Moreover, an emphasis on dynamic efficiency requires the short-term regulator to take the "long view" fostering the competitive process rather than emulating the competitive outcome.

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