Análise da competitividade do setor cafeeiro brasileiro no mercado internacional

O Brasil é o maior produtor e exportador mundial de café, produzindo tanto a variedade arábica como a robusta. Contudo, a participação brasileira mundial reduziu aproximadamente em 25% entre 1997 e 2019. Essa queda da participação pode ser resultado da concentração das exportações brasileiras desse produto em alguns destinos. De forma a analisar a competitividade das exportações brasileiras entre 1997 e 2019 foi utilizado o método Constant Market Share. Os resultados indicaram que o Brasil foi competitivo no período, além de ter adaptado sua pauta de exportação à demanda mundial e direcionado suas exportações para mercados com demanda de maior crescimento. Por outro lado, o país exportou produtos em que a demanda tem crescido lentamente e direcionou suas exportações para países em que sua demanda tem crescido a uma taxa menor do que a mundial. Como forma de aumentar a sua participação no mercado internacional é importante que o país adote ações de marketing direto ao consumidor, por exemplo, o que pode resultar em preços pagos aos produtos rurais maiores e mais estáveis

The Impact of Bullwhip Effect on the Cash Flow in Two-Parallel Supply Chain Systems with the Competition Effect

While considering the competition effect and market share, this study discusses how the cash flow bullwhip effect (CFBE) is impacted in two-product and two-parallel supply chain systems by comparing the situation that it has one kind of product in two-level supply chain (SC). Specifically, the study aimed to examine two-product and two-parallel SC systems that include two suppliers and two retailers. Assuming that the demand function is a linear relationship of price self-sensitivity coefficient and price cross-sensitivity coefficient, which is an AR(1) process, two retailers share the demand. After that, the quantitative equation of the CFBE was deduced from two-product and two-parallel SC systems. Finally, we get the condition that the competition effect and the market share increase or decrease the CFBE, which was in contrast to the situation without the competition effect and the market share. The paper suggested that the manager can cooperate with their partner if two products are substitutable. On the other hand, the firm should improve the forecasting accuracy of the customer’s demand and improve the service quality so that it can increase the market share and reduce the CFBE in two-parallel SC systems.

Electronic Business-to-Business Marketplace Transformation in the Chemical Industry: Will the Second Wave Succeed Where the First has Failed?

The global chemical sales are expected to be worth over €6,000 bn by 2030 and this offers a very significant market size for businesses to be transacted electronically. It is generally believed that the first wave of the electronic business-to-business marketplace featured very strongly into the chemical industry sometime in the late 1990’s, but in just over a few years many of these electronic marketplaces started to close down or being merged with others, and later on they too disappeared from the chemical industry. Many of them had failed to sustain themselves in the marketplace and survived. From 2005 onwards, it became apparent that the second wave of electronic marketplaces started to enter the chemical industry again. Electronic marketplaces were being set up by chemical manufacturers and distributors, with many of them even setting up multiple web storefronts, to promote their products. This research will look into the chemical distribution market size, supply chain activities, as well as the various electronic marketplaces present in the chemical industry. The Author will investigate into the reasons why the first wave of chemical electronic marketplaces did not manage to sustain themselves in the market and the possible reasons for their failure. The types of electronic marketplaces during the second wave were investigated in great detail. What are the differences in the types of electronic platforms in the second wave and will they stand a chance to survive this time round, when many of them have failed in the first wave? This research will attempt to investigate the possible strategies through the digital marketplace, by both chemical manufacturers and distributors, in their effort to capture greater market share.

Price, quality, and market dynamics of malaria rapid diagnostic tests: analysis of Global Fund 2009–2018 data

Background Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria are a vital part of global malaria control. Over the past decade, RDT prices have declined, and quality has improved. However, the relationship between price and product quality and their larger implications on the market have yet to be characterized. This analysis used purchase data from the Global Fund together with product quality data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) Malaria RDT Product Testing Programme to understand three unanswered questions: (1) Has the market share by quality of RDTs in the Global Fund’s procurement orders changed over time? (2) What is the relationship between unit price and RDT quality? (3) Has the market for RDTs financed by the Global Fund become more concentrated over time? Methods Data from 10,075 procurement transactions in the Global Fund’s database, which includes year, product, volume, and price, was merged with product quality data from all eight rounds of the WHO-FIND programme, which evaluated 227 unique RDT products. To describe trends in market share by quality level of RDT, descriptive statistics were used to analyse trends in market share from 2009 to 2018. A generalized linear regression model was then applied to characterize the relationship between price and panel detection score (PDS), adjusting for order volume, year purchased, product type, and manufacturer. Third, a Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI) score was calculated to characterize the degree of market concentration. Results Lower-quality RDTs have lost market share between 2009 and 2018, as have the highest-quality RDTs. No statistically significant relationship between price per test and PDS was found when adjusting for order volume, product type, and year of purchase. The HHI was 3,570, indicating a highly concentrated market. Conclusions Advancements in RDT affordability, quality, and access over the past decade risk stagnation if health of the RDT market as a whole is neglected. These results suggest that from 2009 to 2018, this market was highly concentrated and that quality was not a distinguishing feature between RDTs. This information adds to previous reports noting concerns about the long-term sustainability of this market. Further research is needed to understand the causes and implications of these trends.

Shared Manufacturing in A Differentiated Duopoly with Capacity Constraints

This study sets up a differentiated duopoly model considering capacity constraints and shared manufacturing, investigates the equilibrium results, examines the effects of product differentiation and capacity constraints in three scenarios, and compares the equilibrium outcomes in three cases under Cournot and Stackelberg competition. We find that capacity constraints affect the relationships among product differentiation, equilibrium results, and the market share of enterprises. Shared manufacturing impacts the degree of excess capacity, profits, consumer surplus, and social welfare; however, it may sometimes play a negative role in alleviating excess capacity. Moreover, Cournot competition is a better choice for enterprises with capacity constraints compared to Stackelberg competition.

Efeito da pandemia causada pelo covid-19 no market share brasileiro: um enfoque segundo os tipos de modal de transporte

O estudo teve por objetivo analisar o padrão do comércio exterior brasileiro no período pandêmico, ante tal, verificar mudanças segundo os principais modais de transporte utilizados tomando como objeto de estudo os estados com maior mobilidade exportadora. As informações utilizadas tem como fonte o Ministério de Comércio Exterior por meio da plataforma comexstat. O tempo de estudo compreende ao intervalo de 2018 a 2020, a finalidade foi verificar possíveis ganhos ou perdas de market share via modal de transporte e, para tal finalidade se utilizou o modelo de market share em sua forma reduzida. Por meio dos resultados se verificou resultados relevantes, como mudanças no modal aéreo no caso do estado de São Paulo e Minas Gerais e, ganhos de market share no caso de São Paulo. Também, os resultados retratam a relevância do modal marítimo como essencial no padrão da pauta exportadora, além disso, o destaque do estado de São Paulo na participação total exportada pelo país. No geral, foi possível traçar um efeito substancial na pauta exportadora atrelada aos efeitos da crise sanitária causada pelo covid-19.

Gender Parity in The Workplace: How COVID-19 Has Affected Women

Women especially have been faced with immense challenges because of this impossible global crisis; many are being forced to choose between family responsibilities and their career. Now more than ever, as we look towards a post-pandemic future, organizations must continue to strive towards inclusive workplaces. The implementation of employee upskilling programs will be one key action to attract talent and ensure sustained future prosperity. Profitability and growth depend on inclusivity; the companies that realize this will see the short and long-term advantages. Others will fall behind and leave the door open for those progressive enough to claim market share. Now that we are more than a year into the pandemic, arguably one of the largest global crises in a century, it is important to explore and explain how women have been affected, and what this could mean for the future of their place in leadership.

Construction of Internet Business Innovation Network Model and Data Image Research under the Background of Game Theory

Facing the fierce market competition, enterprises not only need a deeper understanding and concept renewal in marketing theory but also need a set of standardized, practical, and efficient technical means and methods. Therefore, it is urgent to develop advanced marketing analysis tools and marketing decision-making methods. Based on game theory and neural network model, this study simplifies the existing research methods. By introducing different models, an image analysis and decision-making model based on game theory and neural network is constructed. It mainly aims at enterprise decision-making. The method used is to simulate various decision-making processes of enterprises by establishing neural network model and game model. At the same time, the image simulation of the model is carried out. The results show that the highest market share of the selected products is 36.1%, and the highest brand awareness is 9 points. The product with the second market share has better quality, 8 brand awareness points, and the highest dealer fee (2.3 yuan). Market share is less affected by product price and dealer expenses. The accuracy of the designed market share neural network model is 93%. This shows that the increase of market share is not realized simply by reducing the price but by increasing the profits of distributors and improving the brand image. Market leaders have the greatest revenue and profits. There is a positive correlation between the efforts of managers and the results achieved. Internet employees’ work effort is positively correlated with their basic salary. Different decisions have different effects on business models. The research of this paper provides a new idea for the innovation and development of Internet enterprise business model.

Product Ranking on Online Platforms

On online platforms, consumers face an abundance of options that are displayed in the form of a position ranking. Only products placed in the first few positions are readily accessible to the consumer, and she needs to exert effort to access more options. For such platforms, we develop a two-stage sequential search model where, in the first stage, the consumer sequentially screens positions to observe the preference weight of the products placed in them and forms a consideration set. In the second stage, she observes the additional idiosyncratic utility that she can derive from each product and chooses the highest-utility product within her consideration set. For this model, we first characterize the optimal sequential search policy of a welfare-maximizing consumer. We then study how platforms with different objectives should rank products. We focus on two objectives: (i) maximizing the platform’s market share and (ii) maximizing the consumer’s welfare. Somewhat surprisingly, we show that ranking products in decreasing order of their preference weights does not necessarily maximize market share or consumer welfare. Such a ranking may shorten the consumer’s consideration set due to the externality effect of high-positioned products on low-positioned ones, leading to insufficient screening. We then show that both problems—maximizing market share and maximizing consumer welfare—are NP-complete. We develop novel near-optimal polynomial-time ranking algorithms for each objective. Further, we show that, even though ranking products in decreasing order of their preference weights is suboptimal, such a ranking enjoys strong performance guarantees for both objectives. We complement our theoretical developments with numerical studies using synthetic data, in which we show (1) that heuristic versions of our algorithms that do not rely on model primitives perform well and (2) that our model can be effectively estimated using a maximum likelihood estimator. This paper was accepted by Gabriel Weintraub, revenue management and market analytics.