Cholesteryl Ester Species Differently Elevate Plasma Cholesterol in Hamsters

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (46) ◽  
pp. 11041-11047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Jiao ◽  
Jingnan Chen ◽  
Cheng Peng ◽  
Yintong Liang ◽  
Ka Ying Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Elevate Plasma

Plasma cholesterol-raising potency of dietary free cholesterol versus cholesteryl ester and effect of β-sitosterol

2015 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuwei Liu ◽  
Lin Lei ◽  
Xiaobo Wang ◽  
Ka Ying Ma ◽  
Yuk Man Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol

Plasma lipoprotein profiles of normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic homozygotes for apolipoprotein E2(Arg158-->Cys) compared

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1559-1566 ◽  
Author(s):  
S P Zhao ◽  
A H Smelt ◽  
A M Van den Maagdenberg ◽  
A Van Tol ◽  
T F Vroom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Plasma Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Familial Dysbetalipoproteinemia ◽  
Lipoprotein Profiles

Abstract We compared plasma lipoprotein profiles of 15 individuals with normocholesterolemic (plasma cholesterol 4.81 +/- 0.90 mmol/L) familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (NFD) and 15 patients with hypercholesterolemic (plasma cholesterol 10.61 +/- 2.32 mmol/L) familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (HFD), matched for age and sex. All subjects were homozygous for apoE2(Arg158-->Cys). Compared with 15 normolipidemic controls (plasma cholesterol 5.47 +/- 0.92 mmol/L), subjects with NFD and HFD had greater cholesterol concentrations of large very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL1), small VLDL (VLDL2), and intermediate-density lipoprotein, each of which was correlated to their plasma total cholesterol concentration. VLDL1 and VLDL2 subfractions were enriched in cholesteryl ester, and plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein activities were increased in both NFD and HFD; however, absolute changes were larger in HFD than in NFD. Concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were lower in HFD (1.89 +/- 0.48 mmol/L) and NFD (1.56 +/- 0.36 mmol/L) than in normolipidemic controls (3.35 +/- 0.73 mmol/L). We conclude that all subjects homozygous for apoE2(Arg158-->Cys) show features of dysbetalipoproteinemia.

scholarly journals Hypocholesterolaemic effect of β β'-methyl-substituted hexadecanedioic acid (MEDICA 16) in the male hamster

1993 ◽  
Vol 289 (3) ◽  
pp. 911-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Mayorek ◽  
J Bar-Tana
Keyword(s):  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Purina Chow ◽  
Apolipoprotein C ◽  
Bile Cholesterol

Treatment of cholesterol-fed male hamsters kept on a diet of purina chow with beta beta'-methyl-substituted hexadecanedioic acid (MEDICA 16) resulted in a progressive hypocholesterolaemic effect, amounting to a 50% decrease in the cholesterol content of all plasma lipoproteins. The decrease in plasma cholesterol could be accounted for by activation of plasma-cholesterol efflux through the liver into the bile mediated by MEDICA 16-induced (a) increase of the number of liver LDL receptors, (b) activation of liver neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase with a concomitant inhibition of liver acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase, resulting in shifting of the liver cholesteryl ester/free-cholesterol cycle in the direction of free cholesterol, and (c) activation of cholesterol efflux from the liver into the bile. The increase in bile cholesterol output was accompanied by an increase in bile phospholipids but not in bile acids. In contrast with rats, MEDICA 16-treatment of male hamsters did not result in a hypotriacylglycerolaemic effect, inhibition of lipogenesis, nor in a substantial decrease in plasma apolipoprotein C-III content.

Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Hardy McLain ◽  
Andrew Jacob Alsterda ◽  
Rohit R. Arora
Keyword(s):  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Pharmacologic Therapy ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
Cetp Inhibitors

The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a plasma protein that plays an important role in the transfer of lipids between plasma lipoproteins. The CETP inhibitors have been widely studied as a pharmacologic therapy to target plasma cholesterol in order to reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease . Using CETP inhibitors as cholesterol modifiers was based on the genetic research that found correlations between CETP activity and cholesterol levels. Although CETP inhibitors are successful at altering targeted cholesterol markers, recent phase 3 outcome trials have shown limited benefit on cardiovascular outcomes when combined with the current standard of care. We discuss the science of CETP inhibition, compare the CETP inhibitors developed (torcetrapib, evacetrapib, dalcetrapib, and anacetrapib), the findings from the CETP inhibitor trials, and the future outlook for CETP inhibitors in cholesterol modification.

Variation in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene does not influence individual plasma cholesterol response to changes in the nature of dietary fat

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 353-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy A.E. Aitken ◽  
Alexandra W.-A.H. Chisholm ◽  
Ashley W. Duncan ◽  
Michelle J. Harper ◽  
Steve E. Humphries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Transfer Protein

scholarly journals Chylomicron-remnant clearance in homozygote and heterozygote Watanabe-heritable-hyperlipidaemic rabbits is defective. Lack of evidence for an independent chylomicron-remnant receptor

1991 ◽  
Vol 276 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bowler ◽  
T G Redgrave ◽  
J C L Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lipid Emulsions ◽  
Chylomicron Remnant ◽  
Unesterified Cholesterol ◽  
Apolipoprotein B100 ◽  
Plasma Triacylglycerol ◽  
Chylomicron Remnants

Lymph chylomicrons radiolabelled in triacylglycerol and cholesteryl ester were injected into control and Watanabe heritable-hyperlipidaemic (WHHL) rabbits. Clearance of chylomicrons was slower in heterozygote and homozygote WHHL rabbits. Slower remnant clearance in WHHL rabbits was confirmed by monitoring the clearance from plasma of preformed chylomicron remnants. Use of chylomicron-like lipid emulsions injected into control and WHHL rabbits also confirmed the defect in remnant clearance in heterozygote WHHL and homozygote WHHL groups. Clearance from plasma of emulsion triolein was delayed in both WHHL groups compared with controls, owing to slower remnant clearance. The clearance from plasma of radioiodinated rabbit low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in heterozygote WHHL rabbits was the same as control rabbits. Defective chylomicron-remnant removal but normal LDL clearance in the heterozygote WHHL corresponded to elevated concentrations of plasma triacylglycerol and normal concentrations of plasma cholesterol. Receptor versus non-receptor clearances of chylomicron remnants were studied by comparing the clearance of emulsions with and without unesterified cholesterol respectively. Unlike control rabbits, there were no significant differences in the clearances of the two emulsion types in either the homozygote or heterozygote WHHL rabbits, indicating that the apolipoprotein-B100/E receptor is the primary route for clearance of chylomicron remnants from plasma.

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