Effects of Phytoplasma [Stolbur-Subgroup (Bois Noir-BN)] on Photosynthetic Pigments, Saccharides, Ribulose 1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase, Nitrate and Nitrite Reductases, and Photosynthetic Activities in Field-Grown Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chardonnay) Leaves

2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bertamini ◽  
N. Nedunchezhian
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Bois Noir ◽  
Nitrite Reductases ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Photosynthetic Activities

scholarly journals Recovery of Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Kékfrankos’ from ‘bois noir’ disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 987-991
Author(s):  
Anikó Mátai ◽  
Péter Teszlák ◽  
Gábor Jakab
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Bois Noir ◽  
Flavescence Dorée ◽  
Exchange Performance ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Non Photochemical Quenching

AbstractInvestigation of diseases caused by phytoplasmas, a group of cell-wall-less gram-positive bacteria has received significant attention in plant pathology. Grapevine is a host of two, genetically distinct phytoplasmas: Line Flavescence dorée (FD) phytoplasma associated to ‘flavescence dorée’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ responsible for ‘bois noir’ (BN) disease. In the current study, we focused on BN diseased grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Kékfrankos’), measured their photosynthetic performance and leaf hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration. The latter is generally considered as a key molecule in the process of ‘recovery’ which is a spontaneous and unpredictable long-term remission of disease symptoms. This phenomenon also occurred during the time of our experiment. Infection resulted in reduced gas exchange performance and maximum quantum efficiency of PSII with an increased regulated non-photochemical quenching of PSII and H2O2 concentration. Changes in gas exchange seem to be a systemic response, while reduced photochemistry is a local response to ‘Ca. P. solani’ infection. H2O2 accumulation in BN phytoplasma infected plants, unlike in FD disease, was found to be a typical response to the appearance of a biotic stressor.

An Analysis of Photosynthetic Response to Salt Treatment in Vitis vinifera

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
RR Walker ◽  
E Torokfalvy ◽  
NS Scott ◽  
PE Kriedemann
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Stress Relief ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Photosynthetic Response ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Fraction I

Rooted cuttings of grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sultana; syn. Thompson Seedless) were grown under glasshouse conditions and supplied with dilute nutrient solution containing either 0 or 90 mM of added NaCl. Growth and photosynthetic response to salt treatment and subsequent recovery were followed over 80 days. Shoot growth and photosynthesis were reduced by salt treatment. At relatively low concentrations of leaf chloride (< c. 150 mM, on a tissue water basis), photosynthetic reduction was largely due to increased stomatal resistance. Internal disturbances were involved at higher leaf Cl- concentrations (> c. 150 mM) and included an apparent reduction in photochemical efficiency and a faster rate of photorespiration. Levels of fraction I protein, and specific activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase measured in vitro, were not reduced by salt treatment. Vines showed remarkable adaptation to salinity insofar as leaves maintained positive turgor despite leaf Cl- concentrations exceeding 300 mM, implying osmotic adjustment. Cessation of salt treatment led to an immediate decrease in leaf Cl-, a promotion of shoot growth and a progressive recovery in photosynthesis accompanied by a marked but not necessarily concurrent reduction in both stomatal and internal resistances. Leaves tolerated Cl- levels up to 200 mM (under glasshouse conditions) without sustaining permanent reduction in photosynthetic activity. New shoots formed subsequent to stress relief are not a prerequisite for Cl- retranslocation from mature leaves as decapitation at the time of stress relief did not prevent attenuation of leaf Cl- or recovery in photosynthesis.

Biochemical response of grapevine variety ‘Chardonnay’ (Vitis vinifera L.) to infection with grapevine yellows (Bois noir)

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Rusjan ◽  
Heidi Halbwirth ◽  
Karl Stich ◽  
Maja Mikulič-Petkovšek ◽  
Robert Veberič
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Biochemical Response ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Bois Noir ◽  
Grapevine Variety ◽  
Grapevine Yellows

scholarly journals Biochemical Changes in Leaves of Vitis vinifera cv. Sangiovese Infected by Bois Noir Phytoplasma

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmine Negro ◽  
Erika Sabella ◽  
Francesca Nicolì ◽  
Roberto Pierro ◽  
Alberto Materazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Bois Noir ◽  
Grapevine Cultivar

Bois noir is a disease associated with the presence of phytoplasma ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ belonging to the Stolbur group (subgroup 16SrXII-A), which has a heavy economic impact on grapevines. This study focused on the changes induced by phytoplasma in terms of the profile and amount of secondary metabolites synthesized in the phenylpropanoid pathway in leaves of Vitis vinifera L. red-berried cultivar Sangiovese. Metabolic alterations were assessed according to the disease progression through measurements of soluble sugars, chlorophyll, and phenolic compounds produced by plant hosts, in response to disease on symptomatic and asymptomatic Bois noir-positive plants. Significant differences were revealed in the amount of soluble sugars, chlorophyll, and accumulation/reduction of some compounds synthesized in the phenylpropanoid pathway of Bois noir-positive and negative grapevine leaves. Our results showed a marked increase in phenolic and flavonoid production and a parallel decrease in lignin content in Bois noir-positive compared to negative leaves. Interestingly, some parameters (chlorophyll a, soluble sugars, total phenolic or flavonoids content, proanthocyanidins, quercetin) differed between Bois noir-positive and negative leaves regardless of symptoms, indicating measurable biochemical changes in asymptomatic leaves. Our grapevine cultivar Sangiovese results highlighted an extensive modulation of the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway as a defense mechanism activated by the host plant in response to Bois noir disease.

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