Reactive Transport and Numerical Modeling of Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems: A Review

Author(s):  
Peter Alt-Epping ◽  
Larryn W. Diamond



2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 90-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Q. Fu ◽  
Brent I.A. McInnes ◽  
Noreen J. Evans ◽  
Peter J. Davies


Geothermics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 138-153 ◽  
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Alina Yapparova ◽  
George D. Miron ◽  
Dmitrii A. Kulik ◽  
Georg Kosakowski ◽  
Thomas Driesner


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
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Jena Jeong ◽  
Hamidréza Ramézani ◽  
Edgar Chuta






2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-86 ◽  
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Koji MORI ◽  
Yasuhiro TAWARA ◽  
Kazuhiro TADA ◽  
Takahiro HOSONO ◽  
Jun SHIMADA ◽  
...  


1996 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 833-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Prabhakar Clement ◽  
Brian S. Hooker ◽  
Rodney S. Skeen


2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Donald DePaolo ◽  
Eric Sonnenthal ◽  
Nicholas Pester

Water-rock interactions in mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems are a critical part of Earth system evolution. Extensive insights have been developed from vent fluid chemistry and laboratory experiments, but these leave unanswered many questions about the temporal evolution and spatial structure of the hydrothermal systems that can only be addressed with reactive transport simulations. Other issues are the effects of changing spreading rates and seawater chemistry through Earth history. We are addressing this problem using the Toughreact code, starting with 2D static (no seafloor spreading) simulations of the near-axis region where most of the interaction occurs. The simulations use a dual-permeability grid to represent fractured rocks, and also have a formulation for Sr isotope exchange. Vent fluid Ca, Mg, SO4, and Na concentrations and Sr isotopes can be used as a guide to fluid chemical evolution. Initial simulations reproduce modern vent fluid chemistry even with maximum temperature only at 380°C, and suggest that fluids need not be in equilibrium with the rocks at any point in the system. Model fluids continue to evolve chemically even in the upflow zone prior to venting. The effects of different seawater chemical composition, as proposed for the Cretaceous, for example, can be captured with charge-balance models.



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