Analysis of tide gauge records from the December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Tide Gauge Records ◽  
2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

scholarly journals Field surveys and numerical modelling of the 2004 December 26 Indian Ocean tsunami in the area of Mumbai, west coast of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (3) ◽  
pp. 1952-1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Heidarzadeh ◽  
Alexander Rabinovich ◽  
Satoshi Kusumoto ◽  
C P Rajendran
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Subduction Zones ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Tide Gauge Records ◽  
Makran Subduction Zone ◽  
The Indian Ocean

ABSTRACT In the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean (Sumatra-Andaman) tsunami, numerous survey teams investigated its effects on various locations across the Indian Ocean. However, these efforts were focused only on sites that experienced major destruction and a high death toll. As a consequence, some Indian Ocean coastal megacities were not examined. Among the cities not surveyed was Mumbai, the principal west coast port and economical capital of India with a population of more than 12 million. Mumbai is at risk of tsunamis from two major subduction zones in the Indian Ocean: the Sumatra–Andaman subduction zone (SASZ) and the Makran subduction zone (MSZ). As a part of the present study, we conducted a field survey of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami effects in Mumbai, analysed the available tide gauge records and performed tsunami simulations. Our field survey in 2018 January found run-up heights of 1.6−3.3 m in the Mumbai area. According to our analysis of tide gauge data, tsunami trough-to-crest heights in Okha (550 km to the north of Mumbai) and in Mormugao (410 km to the south of Mumbai) were 46 cm and 108 cm, respectively. Simulations of a hypothetical MSZ Mw 9.0 earthquake and tsunami, together with the Mw 9.1 Sumatra–Andaman earthquake and tsunami, show that the tsunami heights generated in Mumbai by an MSZ tsunami would be significantly larger than those generated by the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman tsunami. This result indicates that future tsunami hazard mitigation for Mumbai needs to be based on a potential large MSZ earthquake rather than an SASZ earthquake.

REVIEW OF TIDE GAUGE RECORDS IN THE INDIAN OCEAN

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
HIROYUKI MATSUMOTO ◽  
YUICHIRO TANIOKA ◽  
YUICHI NISHIMURA ◽  
YOSHINOBU TSUJI ◽  
YUICHI NAMEGAYA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Tide Gauges ◽  
Tide Gauge Records ◽  
Historical Tsunami ◽  
Tide Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Systematic Collection

According to the NOAA earthquake database, at least 31 events have been found in the Indian Ocean in terms of tsunami event since 1900, most of which occurred along the Sunda Trench. In this study, we review the history of tide level measurements and their datasets archives in Thailand, Indonesia, India, and Australia. We collected tide gauge paper charts recording historical tsunamis including the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in those countries. As a result, systematic collection of historical tsunami records by tide gauges in the Indian Ocean has been difficult, because few tsunamigenic earthquakes occurred in the Indian Ocean during the instrumentally observed period.

Medieval forewarning of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Thailand

Nature ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 455 (7217) ◽  
pp. 1228-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kruawun Jankaew ◽  
Brian F. Atwater ◽  
Yuki Sawai ◽  
Montri Choowong ◽  
Thasinee Charoentitirat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

A snapshot of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami: societal impacts and consequences

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Havidan Rodriguez ◽  
Tricia Wachtendorf ◽  
James Kendra ◽  
Joseph Trainor
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Societal Impacts

scholarly journals Developing tsunami fragility curves based on the satellite remote sensing and the numerical modeling of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Thailand

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Suppasri ◽  
S. Koshimura ◽  
F. Imamura
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Inundation Depth ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Images ◽  
Tsunami Fragility

Abstract. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami damaged and destroyed numerous buildings and houses in Thailand. Estimation of tsunami impact to buildings from this event and evaluation of the potential risks are important but still in progress. The tsunami fragility curve is a function used to estimate the structural fragility against tsunami hazards. This study was undertaken to develop fragility curves using visual inspection of high-resolution satellite images (IKONOS) taken before and after tsunami events to classify whether the buildings were destroyed or not based on the remaining roof. Then, a tsunami inundation model is created to reconstruct the tsunami features such as inundation depth, current velocity, and hydrodynamic force of the event. It is assumed that the fragility curves are expressed as normal or lognormal distribution functions and the estimation of the median and log-standard deviation is performed using least square fitting. From the results, the developed fragility curves for different types of building materials (mixed type, reinforced concrete and wood) show consistent performance in damage probability and when compared to the existing curves for other locations.

scholarly journals 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami flow velocity measurements from survivor videos

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann M. Fritz ◽  
Jose C. Borrero ◽  
Costas E. Synolakis ◽  
Jeseon Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami
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