Seismic Tomography and Geodynamics

AbstractA variety of geophysical methods and analytical modeling are applied to determine the rockburst hazard in Polish coal mines. In particularly unfavorable local conditions, seismic profiling, active/passive seismic tomography, as well as analytical state of stress calculating methods are recommended. They are helpful in verifying the reliability of rockburst hazard forecasts. In the article, the combined analysis of the state of stress determined by active seismic tomography and analytical modeling was conducted taking into account the relationship between the location of stress concentration zones and the level of rockburst hazard. A longwall panel in the coal seam 501 at a depth of ca.700 m in one of the hard coal mines operating in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin was a subject of the analysis. The seismic tomography was applied for the reconstruction of P-wave velocity fields. The analytical modeling was used to calculate the vertical stress states basing on classical solutions offered by rock mechanics. The variability of the P-wave velocity field and location of seismic anomaly in the coal seam in relation to the calculated vertical stress field arising in the mined coal seam served to assess of rockburst hazard. The applied methods partially proved their adequacy in practical applications, providing valuable information on the design and performance of mining operations.

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Studying the Depth Structure of the Kyrgyz Tien Shan by Using the Seismic Tomography and Magnetotelluric Sounding Methods

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences11030122 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 122

Author(s):

Irina Medved ◽

Elena Bataleva ◽

Michael Buslov

Keyword(s):

Seismic Tomography ◽

High Velocity ◽

Fault Zones ◽

Magnetotelluric Sounding ◽

Tien Shan ◽

High Resistivity ◽

Low Velocity ◽

Low Resistivity ◽

Velocity Models ◽

Fluid Saturation

This paper presents new results of detailed seismic tomography (ST) on the deep structure beneath the Middle Tien Shan to a depth of 60 km. For a better understanding of the detected heterogeneities, the obtained velocity models were compared with the results of magnetotelluric sounding (MTS) along the Kekemeren and Naryn profiles, running parallel to the 74 and 76 meridians, respectively. We found that in the study region the velocity characteristics and geoelectric properties correlate with each other. The high-velocity high-resistivity anomalies correspond to the parts of the Tarim and Kazakhstan-Junggar plates submerged under the Tien Shan. We revealed that the structure of the Middle Tien Shan crust is conditioned by the presence of the Central Tien Shan microcontinent. It manifests itself as two anomalies lying one below the other: the lower low-velocity low-resistivity anomaly, and the upper high-velocity high-resistivity anomaly. The fault zones, limiting the Central Tien Shan microcontinent, appear as low-velocity low-resistivity anomalies. The obtained features indicate the fluid saturation of the fault zones. According to the revealed features of the Central Tien Shan geological structure, it is assumed that the lower-crustal low-velocity layer can play a significant role in the delamination of the mantle part of the submerged plates.

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Magma system beneath Tengchong volcanic zone inferred from local earthquake seismic tomography

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research ◽

10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.04.002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 377 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yujin Hua ◽

Shuangxi Zhang ◽

Mengkui Li ◽

Tengfei Wu ◽

Chenyang Zou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seismic Tomography ◽

Volcanic Zone ◽

Local Earthquake ◽

Magma System

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Comparing global tomography-derived and gravity-based upper mantle density models

Geophysical Journal International ◽

10.1093/gji/ggaa091 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 221 (3) ◽

pp. 1542-1554 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B C Root

Keyword(s):

Seismic Tomography ◽

Upper Mantle ◽

Seismic Data ◽

Gravity Data ◽

Heterogeneous Data ◽

Clear Correlation ◽

Data Sets ◽

Satellite Gravity ◽

Similar Density ◽

Similar Peak

SUMMARY Current seismic tomography models show a complex environment underneath the crust, corroborated by high-precision satellite gravity observations. Both data sets are used to independently explore the density structure of the upper mantle. However, combining these two data sets proves to be challenging. The gravity-data has an inherent insensitivity in the radial direction and seismic tomography has a heterogeneous data acquisition, resulting in smoothed tomography models with de-correlation between different models for the mid-to-small wavelength features. Therefore, this study aims to assess and quantify the effect of regularization on a seismic tomography model by exploiting the high lateral sensitivity of gravity data. Seismic tomography models, SL2013sv, SAVANI, SMEAN2 and S40RTS are compared to a gravity-based density model of the upper mantle. In order to obtain similar density solutions compared to the seismic-derived models, the gravity-based model needs to be smoothed with a Gaussian filter. Different smoothening characteristics are observed for the variety of seismic tomography models, relating to the regularization approach in the inversions. Various S40RTS models with similar seismic data but different regularization settings show that the smoothening effect is stronger with increasing regularization. The type of regularization has a dominant effect on the final tomography solution. To reduce the effect of regularization on the tomography models, an enhancement procedure is proposed. This enhancement should be performed within the spectral domain of the actual resolution of the seismic tomography model. The enhanced seismic tomography models show improved spatial correlation with each other and with the gravity-based model. The variation of the density anomalies have similar peak-to-peak magnitudes and clear correlation to geological structures. The resolvement of the spectral misalignment between tomographic models and gravity-based solutions is the first step in the improvement of multidata inversion studies of the upper mantle and benefit from the advantages in both data sets.

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