The Danish PET/depression project: clinical symptoms and cerebral blood flow. A regions-of-interest analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Videbech ◽  
B. Ravnkilde ◽  
T. H. Pedersen ◽  
H. Hartvig ◽  
A. Egander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Regions Of Interest

Vorläufige Ergebnisse von 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT-Untersuchungen bei endogenen Psychosen

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
J. Schröder ◽  
H. Henningsen ◽  
H. Sauer ◽  
P. Georgi ◽  
K.-R. Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Hmpao Spect ◽  
Endogenous Psychoses ◽  
The Brain ◽  
99Mtc Hmpao

18 psychopharmacologically treated patients (7 schizophrenics, 5 schizoaffectives, 6 depressives) were studied using 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT of the brain. The regional cerebral blood flow was measured in three transversal sections (infra-/supraventricular, ventricular) within 6 regions of interest (ROI) respectively (one frontal, one parietal and one occipital in each hemisphere). Corresponding ROIs of the same section in each hemisphere were compared. In the schizophrenics there was a significantly reduced perfusion in the left frontal region of the infraventricular and ventricular section (p < 0.02) compared with the data of the depressives. The schizoaffectives took an intermediate place. Since the patients were treated with psychopharmaca, the result must be interpreted cautiously. However, our findings seem to be in accordance with post-mortem-, CT- and PET-studies presented in the literature. Our results suggest that 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT may be helpful in finding cerebral abnormalities in endogenous psychoses.

scholarly journals Individual Differences in Cerebral Blood Flow in Area 17 Predict the Time to Evaluate Visualized Letters

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Kosslyn ◽  
William L. Thompson ◽  
Irene J. Kim ◽  
Scott L. Rauch ◽  
Nathaniel M. Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Area 17 ◽  
Mean Response Time ◽  
Shape Characteristic ◽  
The Mean

Sixteen subjects closed their eyes and visualized uppercase letters of the alphabet at two sizes, as small as possible or as large as possible while remaining “visible.” Subjects evaluated a shape characteristic of each letter (e.g., whether it has any curved lines), and responded as quickly as possible. Cerebral blood flow was normalized to the same value for each subject, and relative blood flow was computed for a set of regions of interest. The mean response time for each subject in the task was regressed onto the blood flow values. Blood flow in area 17 was negatively correlated with response time (r = -0.65), as was blood flow in area 19 (r = -0.66), whereas blood flow in the inferior parietal lobe was positively correlated with response time (r = 0.54). The first two effects persisted even when variance due to the other correlations was removed. These findings suggest that individual differences in the activation of specific brain loci are directly related to performance of tasks that rely on processing in those loci.

Xenon-enhanced Computed Tomographic Measurement of Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients with Chronic Subdural Hematomas

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Tanaka ◽  
Shinya Yoshinaga ◽  
Masato Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Brain Shift ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Mental Disturbance ◽  
Subdural Hematomas

Abstract We compared clinical symptoms with extent of brain shift on computed tomographic (CT) scans and quantitative and three-dimensional measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) on xenon-enhanced CT scans in 10 patients with chronic subdural hematomas. Five patients had only headache and minimal or no brain shift on a CT scan. The other five had hemiparesis and/or mental disturbance in addition to headache and moderate or severe brain shift on a CT scan. The mean hemispheric CBF decreased about 7% in patients with headache and about 35% in patients with hemiparesis and/or mental disturbance. It decreased also on the side without the hematoma. The CBF reduction was always more pronounced in the putamen and thalamus than in the cortex. On the contrary, the cortex CBF was mostly preserved or even elevated in both groups of patients. We speculate that CBF reduction in patients with a chronic subdural hematoma occurs initially in central cerebral areas like the basal ganglia and thalamus, and then extends to the entire hemisphere including the cortex as brain compression and displacement progress. Central cerebral area involvement might be more responsible for clinical symptoms than the cortex.

Altered Relationships Between rCBF in Different Brain Regions of Never-Treated Schizophrenics

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (06) ◽  
pp. 194-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Erkwoh ◽  
M. Schreckenberger ◽  
U. Cremerius ◽  
A. Owega ◽  
C. Diekmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Neuroleptic Treatment ◽  
Temporal Correlations ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Neuronal Functions

Summary Aim of this study was to investigate the relations between regiona cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of different brain regions in acute schizophrenia and following neuroleptic treatment. Methods: Twenty-two never-treated, acute schizophrenic patients were examined with HMPAO brain SPECT and assessed psychopathological-ly, and reexamined following neuroleptic treatment (over 96.8 days) and psychopathological remission. rCBF was determined by region/cerebel-lar count quotients obtained from 98 irregular regions of interest (ROIs), summed up to 11 ROIs on each hemisphere. In acute schizophrenics, interregional rCBF correlations of each ROI to every other ROI were compared to the interregional correlations following neuroleptic treatment and to those of controls. Results: All significant correlations of rCBF ratios of different brain regions were exclusively positive in controls and patients. In controls, all ROIs of one hemisphere except the mesial temporal ROI correlated significantly to its contralateral ROI. Each hemisphere showed significant frontal-temporal correlations, as well as cortical-subcortical and some cortico-limbic. In contrast, in acute schizophrenics nearly every ROI correlated significantly with every other ROI, without a grouping or relation of the rCBF of certain ROIs as in controls. After neuroleptic treatment and clinical improvement, this diffuse pattern of correlations remained. Conclusions: These results indicate differences in the neuronal interplay between regions in schizophrenic and healthy subjects. In never-treated schizophrenics, diffuse interregional rCBF correlations can be seen as a sign of change and dysfunction of the systems regulating specificity and diversity of the neuronal functions. Neuroleptic therapy and psychopathologic remission showed no normalizing effect on interregional correlations.

Improvement of Cerebral Blood Flow and Clinical Symptoms Associated with Embolization of a Large Arteriovenous Malformation

Neurosurgery ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Sugita ◽  
Akira Takahashi ◽  
Akira Ogawa ◽  
Takashi Yoshimoto
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms

Cerebral Blood Flow in Schizophrenia: What About Perfusion and Clinical Symptoms?

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S355
Author(s):  
Olivier Percie du Sert ◽  
Delphine Raucher-Chéné ◽  
Joshua Unrau ◽  
Claudine Gauthier ◽  
Mallar Chakravarty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Clinical Symptoms

scholarly journals Reproducibility of Resting Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements with H215O Positron Emission Tomography in Humans

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 748-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Matthew ◽  
Paul Andreason ◽  
Richard E. Carson ◽  
Peter Herscovitch ◽  
Karen Pettigrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Brain Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Normal Humans ◽  
Blood Flow Measurements

Two consecutive measurements of resting CBF were carried out in normal volunteers (n = 25) using H215O positron emission tomography. Absolute whole-brain blood flow (WBBF; ml 100 g−1 min−1, mean ± SD) for the first (40.3 ± 6.4) and second (39.3 ± 6.5) measurements was not significantly different (mean % difference 2.3 ± 8.7). Analysis of regions of interest showed no significant differences in absolute regional CBF (rCBF) and normalized (rCBF/WBBF) rCBF. Left-right differences were also not significant. These data demonstrate the reproducibility of resting CBF measurements in normal humans.

What Factors Are Related to Impairment of Cerebrovascular Reserve before and after Arteriovenous Malformation Resection? A Cerebral Blood Flow Study Using Xenon-enhanced Computed Tomography

Neurosurgery ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Van Roost ◽  
Johannes Schramm
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Venous Congestion ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reserve ◽  
Vascular Reserve ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography

Abstract OBJECTIVE To examine the incidence and possible determinants of impaired vascular reserve in arteriovenous malformation (AVM)-affected brain, before and after surgery. METHODS In a prospective study of 30 patients, the regional cerebrovascular reserve capacity (rCRC) and the vasodilated regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were assessed during an acetazolamide challenge, using xenon-enhanced computed tomography, before and after complete AVM resection. Single brain slices at the level of the basal ganglia were examined, and scanning through the AVMs was avoided. Five regions of interest in the AVM-bearing hemisphere were compared with their counterparts in the unaffected hemisphere. Vasodilated rCBF reductions of at least 20% in one or more regions of interest and rCRC values of less than 10 ml/100 g/min were considered to be significant. RESULTS Ipsilateral vasodilated rCBF was significantly reduced in 17 patients before surgery and 15 patients after surgery. Ipsilateral rCRC was impaired in 14 patients before surgery and 12 patients after surgery. Large AVM size, venous congestion, and AVM-related vascular territories were correlated with impaired vascular reserve in AVM-nonadjacent brain tissue before surgery. Similar correlations were observed after surgery, except that not AVM size but a large number of AVM-supplying vascular territories was correlated. Moreover, the smallest AVMs and those supplied by a single vascular territory, as well as hemorrhage and nonhemorrhagic neurological deficits as presenting symptoms, were correlated with reduced ipsilateral vasodilated rCBF before surgery. Among patients with AVMs and nonhemorrhagic epilepsy, a trend of impaired cerebrovascular reserve was observed. In the only case of postresectional “breakthrough,” the preoperative rCRC was not impaired but abnormally high. CONCLUSION Among the determinants of impaired cerebrovascular reserve, AVM size is already a constituent of current grading scales and decision-making paradigms, whereas factors such as venous congestion have been less closely considered or less obvious but may deserve increased attention in the future. Nonhemorrhagic epilepsy in patients with AVMs may constitute the clinical equivalent of chronic cerebral ischemia in a murine model. Postresectional breakthrough may be partly attributable to individual predisposition to excessive vasoreactivity in the whole brain.

Effects of Subanesthetic Ketamine on Regional Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Humans

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1065-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko W. Långsjö ◽  
Elina Salmi ◽  
Kaike K. Kaisti ◽  
Sargo Aalto ◽  
Susanna Hinkka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Racemic Ketamine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parietal Cortices

Background The authors have recently shown with positron emission tomography that subanesthetic doses of racemic ketamine increase cerebral blood flow but do not affect oxygen consumption significantly. In this study, the authors wanted to assess the effects of racemic ketamine on regional glucose metabolic rate (rGMR) in similar conditions to establish whether ketamine truly induces disturbed coupling between cerebral blood flow and metabolism. Methods 18F-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose was used as a positron emission tomography tracer to quantify rGMR on 12 brain regions of interest of nine healthy male volunteers at baseline and during a 300-ng/ml ketamine target concentration level. In addition, voxel-based analysis was performed for the relative changes in rGMR using statistical parametric mapping. Results The mean +/- SD measured ketamine serum concentration was 326.4+/-86.3 ng/ml. The mean arterial pressure was slightly increased (maximally by 16.4%) during ketamine infusion (P &lt; 0.001). Ketamine increased absolute rGMR significantly in most regions of interest studied. The greatest increases were detected in the thalamus (14.6+/-15.9%; P = 0.029) and in the frontal (13.6+/-13.1%; P = 0.011) and parietal cortices (13.1+/-11.2%; P = 0.007). Absolute rGMR was not decreased anywhere in the brain. The voxel-based analysis revealed relative rGMR increases in the frontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. Conclusions Global increases in rGMR seem to parallel ketamine-induced increases in cerebral blood flow detected in the authors' earlier study. Therefore, ketamine-induced disturbance of coupling between cerebral blood flow and metabolism is highly unlikely. The previously observed decrease in oxygen extraction fraction may be due to nonoxidative glucose metabolism during ketamine-induced increase in glutamate release.

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