Representational specificity of within-category phonetic variation in the long-term mental lexicon.

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Ju ◽  
Paul A. Luce
Keyword(s):  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Phonetic Variation

scholarly journals Directionality and context effects in word translation tasks performed by conference interpreters

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Chmiel
Keyword(s):  
International Institutions ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Context Effect ◽  
Context Effects ◽  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Lexical Retrieval ◽  
Semantic Constraint ◽  
Word Translation

AbstractProfessional interpreters employed by international institutions usually work into their L1 from their L2, while freelance interpreters tend to work both into and from their L1. A study was devised to see if the long-term interpreting unidirectional practice (in the L2–L1 direction only), in contrast to bidirectional practice (in the L2–L1 and L1–L2 direction), influences the speed of lexical retrieval manifested through shorter translation latencies. Forty-eight professional conference interpreters produced oral translations of nouns presented in isolation, in high context constraint sentences and in low context constraint sentences. Contrary to predictions, unidirectional interpreters did not manifest directionality asymmetry and their L2–L1 translation latencies were not shorter than L1–L2 translation latencies. Surprisingly, the L2–L1 direction advantage was found in the group of bidirectional interpreters. The data suggest that the dominant directionality in interpreting practice has little impact on the strength of interlingual lexical links in the interpreter’s mental lexicon or that other factors (such as language use, exposure and immersion) might offset any such impact. The study also revealed an expected context effect, which shows that interpreters use semantic constraint to anticipate sentence-final words.

Computer Ondersteunde Vreemde-Taalverwerving op de Hogere Niveaus

1999 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Peter Groot
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Lexical Retrieval ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Processing Theory ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Study Programme ◽  
Word Lists ◽  
Long Term Retention

The interactive self-study programme (called CAVOCA: Computer Assisted VOCabulary Acquisition) is based on generally accepted theories about the mental lexicon (cf. Aitchison's Words in the Mind) and the "levels of processing" theory first advanced by Craik and Lockhart. The programme constitutes a systematic attempt to operationalize the theoretical analysis of the word learning process that recognizes various stages in this same process: learning about the various features of the word, embedding it in various networks, consolidation etc. leading to efficient lexical retrieval. With this end in mind, the words are presented in a variety of L2 contexts, enabling the learner to process the word intensively and facilitating long-term retention. The programme is intended as an alternative to more orthodox word learning techniques such as bilingual word lists with their disappointing long-term retention results. The programme has been contrasted in various experimental (differential treatment) settings with bilingual word lists, and the results confirm the theory concerning the structure of the mental lexicon in that a deeper level of processing results in better long-term retention.

scholarly journals Struktur und Organisation des mentalen Lexikons in Kontext psychologischer Gedächtnistheorien

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Iwona Legutko-Marszałek
Keyword(s):  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Theory

The article presents the concept of mental lexicon's structure in context of memory theory. Mental lexicon has been defined as the part of long-term memory, where words of a particular language are gathered together with all the information concerning the structure of that particular language. Furthermore, the article points out the organization and connection between lexical units, as well as semantic relations between them. Examples depict the feasible process of activation of individual words in the mental lexicon.

scholarly journals Are Prosodic Variants Stored in the French Mental Lexicon?

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 393-401
Author(s):  
Amandine Michelas ◽  
Sophie Dufour
Keyword(s):  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Stress Pattern ◽  
Lexical Representations ◽  
The Way ◽  
Target Words

Abstract. A long-term priming experiment examined the way stress information is processed and represented in French speakers’ mind. Repeated prime and target words either matched (/bãˈ do/ – /bãˈ do/ “headband”) or mismatched their stress pattern (/bãdo/ – /bãˈ do/). In comparison to a control condition (/maʁ[Formula: see text]/ – /bãˈ do/), the results showed that matching and mismatching primes were equally effective in facilitating the processing of the target words. Thus, despite the fact that French speakers routinely produce and hear words in their stressed and unstressed versions, this study suggests that stress in French is not integrated into lexical representations.

scholarly journals Unsupervised text segmentation predicts eye fixations during reading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinbiao Yang ◽  
Antal van den Bosch ◽  
Stefan L. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Unsupervised Segmentation ◽  
Eye Fixations ◽  
Fixation Locations ◽  
Segmentation Models

Words typically form the basis of psycholinguistic and computational linguistic studies about sentence processing. However, recent evidence shows the basic units during reading, i.e., the items in the mental lexicon, are not always words, but could also be sub-word and supra-word units. To recognize these units, human readers require a cognitive mechanism to learn and detect them. In this paper, we assume eye fixations during reading reveal the locations of the cognitive units, and that the cognitive units are analogous with the text units discovered by unsupervised segmentation models. We predict eye fixations by model-segmented units on both English and Dutch text. The results show the model-segmented units predict eye fixations better than word units. This finding suggests that the predictive performance of model-segmented units indicates their plausibility as cognitive units. The Less-is-Better (LiB) model, which finds the units that minimize both long-term and working memory load, offers advantages both in terms of prediction score and efficiency among alternative models. Our results also suggest that modeling the least-effort principle on the management of long-term and working memory can lead to inferring cognitive units. Overall, the study supports the theory that the mental lexicon stores not only words but also smaller and larger units, suggests that fixation locations during reading depend on these units, and shows that unsupervised segmentation models can discover these units.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document