Relative effectiveness of the standard validity scales in detecting fake-bad and fake-good responding: Replication and extension.

Abstract Objective In addition to the standard validity scales, the MMPI-2-RF Somatic/Cognitive Scales (SCS) are associated with symptom validity in veteran and epilepsy samples. The Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) is a self-report questionnaire with an embedded symptom validity index (Validity-10) developed by examining endorsement on atypical neurological items. The current study examined relationships among symptom validity and SCS in a physical medicine and rehabilitation sample. Method Participants underwent outpatient evaluation with the MMPI-2-RF and NSI among other measures. Cases with invalid MMPI-2-RF (TRIN or VRIN>79; Cannot Say>14) were excluded (n = 5). The sample (N = 120) was 43% female and 96% white with average age and education of 41 (SD = 13) and 14 (SD = 2) years, respectively. A linear regression model was examined with Valdity-10 as outcome and SCS as predictors. Participants were grouped by Validity-10 cutoff (>18). SCS were examined with receiver operating characteristic analysis and compared to the MMPI-2-RF Symptom Validity Scale (FBS). Results A regression model predicting Validity-10 was significant (p < .001; R-squared = .51). Gastrointestinal complaints and neurologic complaints (NUC) scales made independent contributions with standardized beta-weights of .18 and .43, respectively. Twenty-seven percent of participants scored above cutoff on the Validity-10. NUC showed area under the curve (AUC) of .78 predicting Validity-10 status, which was not significantly different from the FBS AUC of .81. A NUC cutoff of 91 or higher showed 34% sensitivity and 93% specificity. Conclusion MMPI-2-RF SCS are associated with symptom validity as determined by the NSI Validity-10. In this rehabilitation sample, NUC was comparable to FBS in classifying participants grouped by symptom validity.

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The utility of the Personality Clinical Form Indicators of Response Distortion: Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis

Romanian Journal of Applied Psychology ◽

10.24913/rjap.22.1.01 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Keyword(s):

Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽

Operating Characteristic ◽

Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis ◽

Good Condition ◽

Psychiatric Inpatients ◽

Validity Scales ◽

Characteristic Analysis ◽

Clinical Form ◽

Fake Good ◽

Receiver Operating

A Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis (ROC Analysis) was conducted to assess the efficiency of six validity scales included in the Personality Clinical Form (PCF) to detect responses distortion. Undergraduate students were randomly assigned to simulate malingering, simulate defensiveness or complete PCF under standard instructions (no faking). Fake-good participants scored significantly higher than standard participants on all underreporting scales. The difference observed was even higher when the comparison was made between the fake-good and the fake-bad participants. Likewise, a reverse trend was observed for the overreporting scales. Participants in the fake-bad condition scored the highest, and the participants in the fake-good condition scored the lowest on all overreporting scales. Large effect sizes were found in most cases. The responses resulted from the malingering condition were also compared with those obtained from psychiatric inpatients. The responses resulted from the defensiveness group were also compared with responses obtained from employees in a high-stake assessment condition. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) provided an index of discriminative power. The validity scales discriminate better between the normal and the fake conditions than between malingerers and psychiatric inpatients, but most AUC values were within good or excellent range. Cut-off scores and their corresponding sensitivity and specificity were presented for each validity scale based on this explorative endeavour

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The Detection of Faking Good on the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4

Assessment ◽

10.1177/107319119700400310 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 305-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. Michael Bagby ◽

Parnian Pajouhandeh

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Clinical Setting ◽

Validity Scales ◽

Axis Ii ◽

Faking Good ◽

Instructional Set ◽

Clinical Profiles ◽

Fake Good

The aim of this study was to examine the ability of the fake good indicators on the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) for DSMIV Axis II disorders to assess fake good responding. A sample of 99 university students completed the PDQ-4 under respond honestly and fake good instructions. Participants were able to significantly alter their clinical profiles. However, although the two validity scales on the PDQ-4 differed significantly under the instructional set, the overall classification rates of these scales were too low to warrant use in a clinical setting.

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Comparison of the Wiener-Harmon Subtle^Obvious scales and the standard validity scales in detecting valid and invalid MMPI-2 profiles.

Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1037/1040-3590.5.1.53 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 53-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Rodney E. Timbrook ◽

John R. Graham ◽

Scott W. Keiller ◽

Dana Watts

Keyword(s):

Validity Scales ◽

Standard Validity

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Profiling Psychological Distortion in Alleged Child Molesters

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1994.75.2.915 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 915-927 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Thomas W. Haywood ◽

Howard M. Kravitz ◽

Linda S. Grossman ◽

Orest E. Wasyliw

Keyword(s):

Sex Offenders ◽

Response Bias ◽

Cognitive Distortions ◽

Child Molesters ◽

Cognitive Distortion ◽

Validity Scales ◽

Clinical Interpretation ◽

Psychological Evaluations ◽

Fake Good

Sex offenders frequendy show denial and distortion during forensic psychological evaluations, but research into assessment of rationalizations and cognitive distortions among sex offenders has been limited We examined patterns of psychological distortion in 59 alleged child molesters. We compared fake-good and fake-bad orientations on the MMPI with psychological distortion on the Multiphasic Sex Inventory questionnaire which assesses various psychosexual characteristics among sex offenders. Analysis indicated that distortion on the Multiphasic Sex Inventory indices of minimization and exaggeration was significantly associated with response-bias on the MMPI. Cognitive-distortion indices were highly influenced by response-bias. Admitters differed from deniers on scales with items requiring admission or denial of offenses. Caution is warranted in clinical interpretation of the validity scales of this questionnaire, which are of limited utility for deniers. Subtle items on cognitive-distortion indices may be useful in assessment of those who deny and should be subjected to further research.

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