Supplemental Material for On the Clock: Interval Timing and Overshadowing in Domestic Dogs (Canis familiaris)

Os autores descrevem as lesões anatomopatológicas de onze casos de parasitismo por Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782), na cidade de Curitiba - PR, Brasil, constatados em necrópsias e achados clínicos em 1960 cães, no período de 1979 a 2004. Anatomopathologic lesions found in Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782) infections in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris, LINNAEUS, 1758 Abstract The authors describe the anatomopathologic lesions of eleven cases of parasitism by Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782), in Curitiba (PR, Brazil), found among 1960 necropsies carried out between 1979 and 2004 in dogs.

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Cross-species referential signalling events in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris)

Animal Cognition ◽

10.1007/s10071-018-1181-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 457-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hannah K. Worsley ◽

Sean J. O’Hara

Keyword(s):

Canis Familiaris ◽

Domestic Dogs

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Social behaviour of domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) in a public off-leash dog park

Behavioural Processes ◽

10.1016/j.beproc.2018.03.016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 157 ◽

pp. 691-701 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Melissa S. Howse ◽

Rita E. Anderson ◽

Carolyn J. Walsh

Keyword(s):

Social Behaviour ◽

Canis Familiaris ◽

Domestic Dogs

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Cooperation and competition during dyadic play in domestic dogs, Canis familiaris

Animal Behaviour ◽

10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.09.006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 489-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 86

Author(s):

Erika B. Bauer ◽

Barbara B. Smuts

Keyword(s):

Canis Familiaris ◽

Domestic Dogs ◽

Cooperation And Competition ◽

Dyadic Play

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Isotope recycling in lactating dogs (Canis familiaris)

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.2000.278.3.r669 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 278 (3) ◽

pp. R669-R676 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Michael Scantlebury ◽

Waring Hynds ◽

Derek Booles ◽

John R. Speakman

Keyword(s):

Water Vapor ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Close Contact ◽

Canis Familiaris ◽

Domestic Dogs ◽

Domestic Dog ◽

Water Turnover ◽

Energy Demands ◽

Lactating Females ◽

Peak Lactation

Isotope-based techniques for the measurement of water turnover, energy expenditure, and milk intake often assume that there is no recycling of isotopes once they have left the labeled animal. In experiments involving lactating females or their suckling offspring, there are several possible routes of isotope recycling. These include the consumption of labeled milk by offspring, the ingestion of labeled excreta, and the rebreathing of exhaled labeled CO2 or water vapor by both mother and offspring. Isotope recycling might be especially important during lactation because the offspring are in close contact with each other and their mother for prolonged periods. We show here in 24- to 30-day-old domestic dog Canis familiarispuppies that there was no detectable transfer of 18O or2H from labeled to unlabeled pups in two litters (16 pups, 8 labeled, 8 unlabeled) that were weaned early and independent of their mother. However, there was a significant transfer of both isotopes from labeled to unlabeled pups and from labeled pups to their mothers in nine equivalent nursing litters of the same age (27 labeled, 26 unlabeled pups). The increases in enrichment of isotopes in unlabeled offspring were greater than the increases in enrichment of the mothers. This indicates that maternal ingestion of offspring excreta and subsequent transfer of isotope in milk is not the sole pathway of recycling. Additional routes must also be important, such as exchange of isotope between pups on saliva-coated nipples and perhaps direct ingestion of excreta by unweaned young. Recycling is unlikely to be an important factor when determining maternal metabolic rate during peak lactation in domestic dogs. However, experiments that are designed to assess the energy demands of pups and isotope-based estimates of water turnover in offspring may need to take into account any effects of isotope recycling. In a theoretical example, removing the effects of recycling increased the measured energy expenditure in pups by up to 7% and increased the calculated elimination rates of both isotopes by up to 11.1% in 18oxygen and 10.9% in2hydrogen.

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