Verbal Protocols and Demonstrating Performance of a Complex Skill

Norman relates two theoretical approaches, the constructivist and ecological, to two cortical visual streams, the ventral and dorsal systems, respectively. This commentary reviews a similar approach in order to increase our understanding of complex skill development and to advance Norman's goal of stimulating and guiding research on the two theoretical approaches and the two visual systems.

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Knowledge structures and the acquisition of a complex skill.

Journal of Applied Psychology ◽

10.1037/0021-9010.86.5.1022 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 86 (5) ◽

pp. 1022-1033 ◽

Cited By ~ 107

Author(s):

Eric Anthony Day ◽

Winfred Arthur ◽

Dennis Gettman

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Structures ◽

Complex Skill

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Learner Aptitudes, Elaborations, and Attention Control in Training a Complex Skill

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193129604002476 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 40 (24) ◽

pp. 1289-1289

Author(s):

Barry P. Goettl ◽

Wayne L. Shebilske ◽

Eric Day

Keyword(s):

Attention Control ◽

Complex Skill

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Eliciting Individuals’ Financial Decision-Making Approaches with Verbal Protocols

AEA Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

10.1257/rct.7154 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Post

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Verbal Protocols ◽

Financial Decision Making ◽

Financial Decision

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Segmentation of design protocol using EEG

Artificial intelligence for engineering design analysis and manufacturing ◽

10.1017/s0890060417000622 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 11-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Philon Nguyen ◽

Thanh An Nguyen ◽

Yong Zeng

Keyword(s):

Automated Segmentation ◽

Manual Segmentation ◽

Engineering Systems ◽

Verbal Protocols ◽

Segmentation Method ◽

Average Deviation ◽

Domain Experts ◽

Design Activities ◽

The Mind ◽

Design Protocol

AbstractDesign protocol data analysis methods form a well-known set of techniques used by design researchers to further understand the conceptual design process. Verbal protocols are a popular technique used to analyze design activities. However, verbal protocols are known to have some limitations. A recurring problem in design protocol analysis is to segment and code protocol data into logical and semantic units. This is usually a manual step and little work has been done on fully automated segmentation techniques. Physiological signals such as electroencephalograms (EEG) can provide assistance in solving this problem. Such problems are typical inverse problems that occur in the line of research. A thought process needs to be reconstructed from its output, an EEG signal. We propose an EEG-based method for design protocol coding and segmentation. We provide experimental validation of our methods and compare manual segmentation by domain experts to algorithmic segmentation using EEG. The best performing automated segmentation method (when manual segmentation is the baseline) is found to have an average deviation from manual segmentations of 2 s. Furthermore, EEG-based segmentation can identify cognitive structures that simple observation of design protocols cannot. EEG-based segmentation does not replace complex domain expert segmentation but rather complements it. Techniques such as verbal protocols are known to fail in some circumstances. EEG-based segmentation has the added feature that it is fully automated and can be readily integrated in engineering systems and subsystems. It is effectively a window into the mind.

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