Negative priming in visual search: Evidence for episodic retrieval?

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Gibbons ◽  
Thomas H. Rammsayer
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Negative Priming ◽  
Episodic Retrieval

The Level of Reaction Time Determines the ERP Correlates of Auditory Negative Priming

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Mayr ◽  
Michael Niedeggen ◽  
Axel Buchner ◽  
Guido Orgs
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Negative Priming ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Negative Priming Effect ◽  
Episodic Retrieval ◽  
Time Level ◽  
Fast Reactions ◽  
Priming Condition

Responding to a stimulus that had to be ignored previously is usually slowed-down (negative priming effect). This study investigates the reaction time and ERP effects of the negative priming phenomenon in the auditory domain. Thirty participants had to categorize sounds as musical instruments or animal voices. Reaction times were slowed-down in the negative priming condition relative to two control conditions. This effect was stronger for slow reactions (above intraindividual median) than for fast reactions (below intraindividual median). ERP analysis revealed a parietally located negativity of the negative priming condition compared to the control conditions between 550-730 ms poststimulus. This replicates the findings of Mayr, Niedeggen, Buchner, and Pietrowsky (2003) . The ERP correlate was more pronounced for slow trials (above intraindividual median) than for fast trials (below intraindividual median). The dependency of the negative priming effect size on the reaction time level found in the reaction time analysis as well as in the ERP analysis is consistent with both the inhibition as well as the episodic retrieval account of negative priming. A methodological artifact explanation of this effect-size dependency is discussed and discarded.

scholarly journals Episodic retrieval and feature facilitation in intertrial priming of visual search

2011 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1350-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Árni Gunnar Ásgeirsson ◽  
Árni Kristjánsson
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Episodic Retrieval ◽  
Intertrial Priming

Early Activity in the Lateralized Readiness Potential Suggests Prime-Response Retrieval as a Source of Negative Priming

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Gibbons ◽  
Jutta Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Negative Priming ◽  
Lateralized Readiness Potential ◽  
Readiness Potential ◽  
Target Color ◽  
Episodic Retrieval ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Novel Targets ◽  
Probe Response ◽  
Early Activity ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. Negative priming (NP) refers to increased response time (RT) for a probe target that was a distractor in a preceding prime presentation (distractor-target shift, DT), compared to novel targets. The present study used the lateralized readiness potential (LRP) to investigate, in a four-choice identification task, a novel episodic-retrieval explanation of NP introduced by Rothermund, Wentura, and de Houwer (2005) . This theory proposes that retrieval reactivates the prime response which interferes with selection of the correct probe response, thereby producing NP. 20 participants responded to pairs of red and blue digits, contingent on the identity of the digit presented in the target color. Behavioral NP involved RT increase by 16 ms. With shift trials (different hands used for prime and probe responses), in the DT condition LRP onset was delayed relative to control. By contrast, earlier LRP onset was observed for DT relative to control with no-shift trials (same hand used for prime and probe responses). Behavioral NP effects showed similar magnitude for shift and no-shift trials. Results support the Rothermund et al. (2005) theory of prime-response retrieval.

Short article: No evidence for a cue mismatch in negative priming

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Mayr ◽  
Robert Hauke ◽  
Axel Buchner ◽  
Michael Niedeggen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Priming ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Negative Priming Effect ◽  
Episodic Retrieval ◽  
Short Article ◽  
Prime Display ◽  
Novel Variant ◽  
Prime Distractor ◽  
Mismatch Condition ◽  
Mismatch Hypothesis

An experiment is reported in which the cue mismatch hypothesis of negative priming, an important novel variant of the mismatching hypothesis, was tested. A cue mismatch and a no mismatch condition were contrasted in a visual discrimination task. In the prime display of cue mismatch ignored-repetition trials, the colour of the prime distractor was different from the colour of the cue indicating the selection feature (coloured square). In probe displays, cue and repeated stimulus had the same colour. In the no mismatch condition, the visual cue was neutral in terms of colour (always black), so that there was always no cue mismatch between prime and probe displays. Contrary to the prediction of the cue mismatch hypothesis, the negative priming effect was not larger in the cue mismatch than in the no mismatch condition. The cue mismatch hypothesis must therefore be rejected. In contrast, the episodic retrieval account is consistent with the results.

Negative Priming with Masked Distractor-Only Prime Trials

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Frings ◽  
Dirk Wentura
Keyword(s):  
Negative Priming ◽  
Temporal Discrimination ◽  
Target Color ◽  
Episodic Retrieval ◽  
Unconscious Perception ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Probe Target ◽  
Distractor Color ◽  
Prime Color

Abstract. The literature yields inconsistent evidence for negative priming (NP) following masked distractor-only prime trials. We contrast two different hypotheses on the inconsistent findings: one - which is most compatible with the temporal discrimination theory - that relates the sign of priming effects to the absence vs. presence of prime awareness and one - which is most compatible with the inhibition and episodic retrieval accounts - that relates the sign of priming effects to the prime event being categorized as a to-be-attended vs. to-be-ignored event. In two experiments, it turned out that participants’ awareness of the masked stimuli caused the different results (with participants being not aware of the primes showing NP), whereas the factor prime color = probe target color vs. prime color = probe distractor color (i.e., the prime contains the to-be-attended vs. the to-be-ignored signal) did not moderate NP. These findings are discussed with regard to theories of negative priming and the debate on conscious vs. unconscious perception.

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