Feature selection for improving Indian spoken language identification in utterance duration mismatch condition

In spoken language identification (SLID) systems, the test data may be of a sufficiently shorter duration than training data, known as duration mismatch condition. Duration normalized features are used to identify a spoken language for nine Indian languages in duration mismatch conditions. Random forest-based importance vectors of 1582 OpenSMILE features are calculated for each utterance in different duration datasets. The feature importance vectors are normalized across each dataset and later across different duration datasets. The optimal number of duration normalized features is selected to maximize SLID system accuracy. Three classifiers, artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF), and their fusion, weights optimized using logistic regression, are used. The speech material comprised utterances, each of 30 sec, extracted from the All India Radio dataset with nine Indian languages. Seven new datasets of smaller utterance durations were generated by carefully splitting each utterance. Experimental results showed that 150 most important duration normalized features were optimal with a relative increase in 18-80% accuracy for mismatch conditions. The accuracy decreased with increased duration mismatch.

(a-)Topics and animacy

The aim of this paper is twofold: first, we intend to contribute to the debate on the identification of the features to which syntactic locality expressed in terms of the featural Relativized Minimality/fRM principle appears to be sensitive (Rizzi 2004; Friedmann, Belletti & Rizzi 2009); second, we aim at providing a better characterization of the distributional and interpretive properties of the process of a-marking in the Topic position of the Italian left periphery identified by syntactic cartography, in relation to (in)animacy (Belletti & Manetti 2018). To these aims, we examined the role of animacy in a production experiment eliciting left dislocated topics with 5-year-old children. To the extent that a-marking is related to a kind of affectedness of object topics (Belletti 2018a), we examined whether an inanimate left dislocated object could constitute a felicitous a-Topic. Furthermore, the question whether complexity effects are modulated in the computation of fRM in an animacy mismatch condition (between an inanimate left dislocated object and an intervening (animate) lexical subject) is also addressed within the context of ClLDs. Our results show that, in the tested animacy mismatch condition, children seldom a-marked the pre-posed object. Instead, they appeared to creatively explore other solutions to overcome the production of the hard intervention structure, mainly using null subjects. As children are not ready to compute the intervention configuration with a lexical preverbal subject, but could not naturally adjust it through a-marking of the inanimate topic, they ended up opting for different types of productions in which intervention was eliminated. If the animacy feature seems to be implicated in the process of a-marking to some extent, it is not a feature to which the fRM principle is sensitive in building the object A’-dependency in ClLD: we conclude, in line with previous work, that animacy is not among the features implicated in triggering syntactic movement (in Italian).

Career of horizontal education mismatch workers: Career competency, job crafting, and work engagement

Education is one of many factors that has the biggest impact toward unemployment rate due to the fact that there are mismatches between educational background and the intended job, and it is named horizontal education mismatch. The employee who is run into educational mismatch condition is seen less-competent, less-qualified, and less accomplished associated with company and work engagement which should be owned by every employee, both supervisors and subordinates. The purpose of this study was to test out that Job Crafting can play a role as a relation mediator between career competencies and work engagement toward employees which run into horizontal education mismatch. This was quantitative research; with purposive sampling method to recruit the respondent. The respondent of this research was people with age range 17-65 years old and using Process v3.5 by Hayes, The Simple Mediation Model No.4. Considering the phenomenon of Horizontal Education Mismatch which has an impact on competency and work engagement. The uniqueness of this research was to pay attention to the suitability of educational background with the current occupation, which indirectly affects the competence of workers. The results of this study were in accordance with the aims and expectations of the researchers. The results of this study indicated that job crafting plays a role as a mediator in the correlation between career competencies and work engagement. Hopefully, it will be able to meet the competency needs of employees to increase employee engagement with the company.

Perbandingan Perhitungan Luas Tanah antara Metode Trilaterasi Segitiga dengan Metode Koordinat

Kesadaran pemilik lahan untuk melindungi status kepemilikannya terhadap ketidakcocokan keadaan bidang tanah lapangan dengan data yang ada di dokumen sertifikat mengakibatkan meningkatnya kebutuhan pengukuran ulang lahan. Penggunaan alat dengan akurasi rendah dan metode yang kurang tepat menyebabkan data luas lahan yang dihasilkan menjadi kurang akurat. Hal ini menyebabkan kebingungan pada pemilik lahan maupun pemilik lahan disekitarnya. Sehingga perlunya data pembanding antara dua alat ukur berbeda dengan metode berbeda untuk memperkaya data perhitungan luas tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghitung luas lahan Gedung Pejuang Veteran Banjarmasin dengan Metode Trilaterasi (pendekatan luasan segitiga dengan ketiga sisi diketahui) menggunakan Pesawat Penyipat Datar (PPD) dan dengan Metode Koordinat menggunakan GPS. Hasil perhitungan tersebut akan dibandingkan dengan data resmi luas lahan yang diperoleh dari BPN. Pengukuran dengan PPD diperoleh luasan sebesar 10.025,476 M2 dan dengan GPS sebesar 10.100,720 M2 dimana luas resmi lahan adalah 11.183 M2. Sehingga diperoleh persentase terhadap luas resmi berturut-turut sebesar 89,65 % dengan pengukuran menggunakan PPD dan sebesar 90,32 % dengan pengukuran menggunakan GPS. Berdasarkan hasil diatas, penggunaan kedua alat tersebut kurang disarankan untuk pengukuran luas lahan secara teliti serta perlunya memastikan batas tanah akurat di lapangan sebelum pengukuran. Abstract The awareness of land owners to protect their ownership status against the mismatch condition between land percil and the data in the documents resulted the increasing need for land re-measurement. Using tools with low accuracy and improper methods causes the result of land area data less accurated. This causes confusion among land owner and its nearby. The data comparisons are needed between two different measuring instruments with different methods to enrich the area calculation data its self. This research aims to calculate the land area of ​​the Pejuang Veteran Banjarmasin Building with the Trilateration Method using an Automatic Level and the Coordinate Method using GPS. The results of these calculations will be compared with official land area data obtained from National Land Agency. Measurement with Automatic Level obtained an area of 10.025,476 M2 and with GPS is 10.100,720 M2 where the official land area is 11.183 M2. The percentage amount between the official area versus Automatic Level and GPS consecutively are 89,65 % and 90,32 %. Based on that results, the use of these tools is less recommended to detailed land measurement and its important to ensure accurate percil boundaries in the field before measurement.

Stealing Thunder in Negative Political Advertising: The Persuasive Impact of One-sided and Two-sided Negative Messages on Partisan Individuals

Although two-sided persuasion is a common technique in political speeches, few research has reported the relative persuasiveness of a one-versus two-sided message in the context of negative political advertising. Participants ( N = 116) viewed a negative political ad, varying in message sidedness (one-sided vs. two-sided) and partisan match (partisan-match vs. partisan-mismatch vs. unaffiliated). Multivariate results revealed the relative advantage of two-sided persuasion in the partisan-match condition where participants viewed a negative ad targeting their supporting party candidate. One-sided persuasion was more effective in the partisan-mismatch condition where participants viewed a negative ad criticizing the opposition party candidate. Implications for the practice of strategic negative political campaigns were discussed.

Software-Based Adaptive Protection Control Against Load Mismatch for a Mobile Power Amplifier Module

A closed-loop protection method for a radio frequency (RF) power amplifier (PA) module applicable to mobile handsets has been introduced. The load impedance of the PA was adaptively sensed by an embedded impedance detector which was digitally controlled and the system adjusted PA power using a feedback circuit to keep the PA safe based on a load mismatch detection. For verification, a two-stage hetero junction bipolar transistor (HBT) PA module for handsets was fabricated and tested against load mismatch. Measurement results showed that the technique could help PA survive at a 0.5V larger collector bias voltage condition than when the technique was not applied for the same mismatch condition with an acceptable RF performance degradation at nominal condition.

Using Eye-Movements to Track Bilingual Activation

Recent research found that the languages of bilingual listeners are active and interact, such that both lexical representations are activated by the spoken input with which they are compatible. However, the time course of bilingual activation and whether suprasegmental information further modulates this cross-language competition are still not well understood. This study investigates the effect of stress placement on the processing of English–Spanish cognates by beginner-to-intermediate Spanish-speaking second-language (L2) learners of English and intermediate-to-advanced English-speaking L2 learners of Spanish using the visual-world eye-tracking paradigm. In each trial, participants saw a target (asado, ‘roast’), one of two competitors (stress match: asados, ‘roast (pl)’; stress mismatch: asador, ‘rotisserie’), and two unrelated distracters, while hearing the target word. The experiment included a non-cognate condition (asado-asados-asador) and a cognate condition, where the stress pattern of the English word corresponding to the Spanish competitor in the stress-mismatch condition (inventor) instead matched that of the Spanish target (invento, ‘invent’). Growth-curve analyses revealed cognate-status and stress-mismatch effects for Spanish-speaking L2 learners of English, and cognate-status and stress-mismatch effects, and an interaction for English-speaking L2 learners of Spanish. This suggests that both groups use stress for word recognition, but the English stress pattern only affects the processing of Spanish words in the English-speaking L2 learners of Spanish.