Proactive interference in short-term retention and the measurement of degree of learning: A new technique.

1974 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald H. Nowaczyk ◽  
John J. Shaughnessy ◽  
Joel Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Proactive Interference ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
A New Technique

Tissue augmentation using Bioplastique® as a treatment of leakage around a Provox® 2 voice prosthesis

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Rokade ◽  
J. Mathews ◽  
K. T .V. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Voice Prosthesis ◽  
Effective Procedure ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tissue Augmentation ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Voice And Speech

Rehabilitation of voice and speech after laryngectomy with valve prosthesis has become a well-established practice in recent years. The formation of tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TOF) and the subsequent management of the patient with a voice prosthesis can be associated with a number of problems and complications.We report a new technique of the use of injectable Bioplastique® in the treatment of persistent leakage around Provox® 2 voice prosthesis. Our experience in two cases has shown that it is a relatively simple and effective procedure in stopping the leak around the valve immediately and is without any short-term complications.

Effects of Proactive Interference and Rehearsal on the Primary and Secondary Components of Short-Term Retention

1975 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Turvey ◽  
Robert A. Weeks
Keyword(s):  
Proactive Interference ◽  
Primary Memory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Secondary Memory ◽  
Retention Function ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Proactive Effects

Under the conditions of the distractor paradigm, short-term retention declines to a minimum in a very brief period. The rapid forgetting can be said to reflect the declining contribution of the short-term store or primary memory and the asymptote can be taken as a measure of the contribution of the long-term store or secondary memory. It was shown that manipulating proactive effects by varying the recency of prior material affected only the primary memory component of the short-term retention function. On the other hand manipulating the difficulty of the subsidiary task performed during the retention period with proactive effects held constant affected both the primary and the secondary components. The results were discussed with respect to the relation between the two memory components and the idea that proactive effects are limited to long-term store.

The Role of the Interpolated Task in Short-Term Retention

1966 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Conrad ◽  
A. J. Hull
Keyword(s):  
Proactive Interference ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Interference Theory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Single Set

It has been proposed that a single set of operations based on classical interference theory is adequate to describe the phenomena of both short- and long-term memory. An article by Keppel and Underwood (1962) argues that short-term forgetting is due to proactive interference and, by implication, not a result of trace decay. An experiment which varied retention interval and the nature of the interpolated task, gave results which indicate that when the amount forgotten and the nature of errors are considered, a decay model is supported, the proactive interference suggestion being untenable.

scholarly journals A new technique for short-term forecast of auroral activity

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Y. Lui ◽  
W. W. Lai ◽  
K. Liou ◽  
C. I. Meng
Keyword(s):  
New Technique ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Forecast ◽  
Auroral Activity ◽  
Term Forecast ◽  
A New Technique

Proactive Interference and Intertrial Interval in Short-Term Retention of Temporal Visual Information

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 839-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Guay
Keyword(s):  
Proactive Interference ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Retention Intervals ◽  
Variable Errors

The main purpose was to examine the role of proactive interference in temporal short-term memory when subjects experienced time under a conscious cognitive strategy for time estimation, made without time-aiding techniques. Visual durations of 1, 4, and 8 sec. were estimated by 18 subjects under the method of reproduction. Three retention intervals were used: immediate reproduction, 15, and 30 sec. of rest. The three intertrial intervals were immediate, 15, and 30 sec. Constant error was used as an index of bias. The constant errors provided no indication that proactive interference was operating in temporal short-term memory. The lack of proactive interference was not associated with intertrial intervals; even when the intertrial intervals were shortened to 1 sec. no proactive interference was observed. Variable error was used to evaluate effects of forgetting. The variable errors for the 4- and 8-sec. durations seemed amenable to a trace-decay explanation.

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