scholarly journals Matter and Magneto-electric Action

Nature ◽  
1882 ◽  
Vol 26 (653) ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
HENRY BEDFORD
Keyword(s):  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 507-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Nimtz ◽  
Horst Aichmann

AbstractPresently, nerve pulse propagation is understood to take place by electric action pulses. The theoretical description is given by the Hodgkin-Huxley model. Recently, an alternative model was proclaimed, where signaling is carried out by acoustic solitons. The solitons are built by a local phase transition in the lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) of a biologic membrane. We argue that the crystal structure arranging hydrogen bonds at the membrane surface do not allow such an acoustic soliton model. The bound water is a component of the LLC and the assumed phase transition represents a negative entropy step.


Nature ◽  
1882 ◽  
Vol 25 (649) ◽  
pp. 539-543
Keyword(s):  

The method resorted to by the Author for obtaining a continu­ous voltaic current of equal intensity, is the same in principle as the one employed by Professor Daniell, and described by him in his paper recently presented to the Royal Society, and published in the Philosophical Transactions; namely, the interposition of a thin membrane between the two metals in the voltaic circuit, so as to allow of the separation of the different fluids applied respectively to each metal : the fluid in contact with the zinc being a mixture of diluted sulphuric and nitric acids ; and that in contact with the copper being a solution of sulphate of copper. The author re­serves for a future paper the details of the results he has obtained, with regard to the relations between the intensity of effect, and the extent and disposition of the metallic surfaces : but states that he has obtained powerful electric action by bringing the membrane into contact with the zinc; the latter having no acid applied to it, and the only fluid employed being the solution of sulphate of cop­per.


1871 ◽  
Vol 19 (123-129) ◽  
pp. 324-345

It is well known that the degree of rapidity with which a metal immersed in an acid, alkaline, or saline liquid is corroded varies considerably with the temperature, and that the speed of corrosion usually increases with the heat; also a few experiments have been published (Gmelin’s 'Handbook of Chemistry,’ vol. i. p. 375 ) showing that changes of electrical state occur in metals under such circumstances; but a further examination of the relations of the temperature and chemical change to the electrical state has not, that I am aware, yet been made.


In an attempt to fill up the gap between the shortest ultra-violet light waves hitherto produced and the longest X-ray waves known, Hughes recently made a study of the characteristic X-rays emitted by carbon and by boron when bombarded by electrons. In this investigation the energy of the bombarding electrons was increased by steps, and the critical values were determined that were necessary and just sufficient to cause the bombarded element to emit its characteristic radiations with measurable intensities. These characteristic radiations were detected, and their intensities measured, by their photo-electric action on an insulated electrode of nickel or of silver. The method followed by Hughes in recording his results was to plot curves with the values of the accelerating potentials of the electrons as abscissæ and the measures of the photo-electric effect divided by the corresponding electronic currents as ordinates. At certain critical accelerating voltages it was found that these curves showed marked and abrupt kinks or changes of curvature, and these changes were taken to connote the beginning of the emission by the bombarded element of its characteristic radiations.


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