Renal tubular absorption of β2 microglobulin

Abstract Bence Jones proteinuria, a common clinical manifestation of multiple myeloma, can also be seen in patients with other B-cell–derived neoplasms. Measurement of pretreatment levels is a useful adjunct in the diagnosis and staging of multiple myeloma, whereas serial levels reflect response to therapy. Serum concentrations of β2-microglobulin, a small-molecular-weight protein associated with the major histocompatibility complex class I antigens, are often elevated in hematopoietic neoplasms and are also commonly measured at baseline, before treatment, and serially throughout therapy in patients with multiple myeloma and other lymphoproliferative disorders as a marker of tumor burden. Urinary concentrations, however, are considered an indicator of renal tubular function. High urinary levels are found in tubular proteinuria, a frequent sequela of long-standing multiple myeloma. A case is described in which a high urinary concentration of β2-microglobulin interfered with Bence Jones protein quantification by electrophoresis studies.

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INHIBITORY EFFECT OF CERTAIN AMINO ACIDS ON RENAL TUBULAR ABSORPTION OF PHOSPHATE

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y67-011 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 103-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alfred F. Michael ◽

Keith N. Drummond

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Tubular Reabsorption ◽

Hormone Action ◽

Basic Amino Acids ◽

Phosphate Excretion ◽

Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽

Tubular Absorption ◽

Renal Tubular

Infusion of certain neutral L-amino acids (alanine, glycine, valine, and tryptophan) into dogs resulted in an inhibition of the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate and increased phosphate excretion. This was seen in both the parathyroidectomized animal and under conditions of exogenous parathormone infusion, indicating that the phosphaturia induced by amino acids is independent of parathyroid hormone action. This effect was stereospecific and did not occur with D-alanine; no effect was observed after infusion of the basic amino acids L-arginine and L-lysine.

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Determination of carbonic anhydrase C and β2-microglobulin by radioimmunoassay in urine of heavy-metal-exposed subjects and patients with renal tubular acidosis

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/0013-9351(79)90094-x ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 154-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Naoyuki Taniguchi ◽

Masato Tanaka ◽

Chiaki Kishihara ◽

Hideki Ohno ◽

Takahito Kondo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Carbonic Anhydrase ◽

Renal Tubular Acidosis ◽

Β2 Microglobulin ◽

Renal Tubular

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Amino acids enhance renal tubular absorption of the los-molecular-weight proteins insulin and growth hormone

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.1982.242.6.f745 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 242 (6) ◽

pp. F745-F749

Author(s):

R. Rabkin ◽

T. I. Gottheiner ◽

T. S. Tsao

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Molecular Weight ◽

Growth Hormone ◽

Human Growth ◽

Metabolic Effect ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Insulin Absorption ◽

Tubular Absorption ◽

Renal Tubular ◽

Isolated Rat

The effect of amino acids(AA) on the tubular absorption of low-molecular-weight (LMW) proteins was studied in isolated rat kidneys. Kidneys were perfused with an albumin-electrolyte solution that contained insulin or human growth hormone (hGH) and, unless otherwise stated, the following L-amino acids: glycine, isoleucine, serine, alanine, methionine, proline, arginine, and aspartic acid. In kidneys perfused without AA, fractional urinary insulin clearance (FCi) averaged 7.4 +/- 1.54%, whereas in the presence of multiple AA the FCi was significantly lower (0.68 +/- 0.2%, P less than 0.01). Addition of glycine or alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) alone also reduced the FCi significantly (1.79 +/- 0.66 and 1.59 +/-1.06%, respectively). By contrast, perfusion with the other AA individually did not alter the FCi. The fractional urinary hGH clearance was also significantly lower in kidneys perfused with multiple AA (0.94 +/- 0.47%) than in those perfused without AA (9.07 +/- 1.2%). We conclude that tubular absorption of filtered insulin and hGH is enhanced by the presence of AA. The mechanism is unclear, but enhancement of insulin absorption can be produced by glycine and AIB alone. This raises the possibility of a link between the absorption of insulin and the glycine and AIB shared transport system, but excludes a primary metabolic effect because AIB is nonmetabolizable.

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Urinary Endothelin-1-Like Immunoreactivity in Young Male Patients with Testicular Cancer Treated by CIS-Platinum: Comparison with other Urinary Parameters

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0860703 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 86 (6) ◽

pp. 703-707 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Masayuki Takeda ◽

Takeshi Komeyama ◽

Toshiki Tsutsui ◽

Takaki Mizusawa ◽

GO Hideto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Testicular Cancer ◽

Urinary Excretion ◽

Young Male ◽

Tubular Injury ◽

Endothelin 1 ◽

Β2 Microglobulin ◽

Male Patients ◽

Urinary Parameters ◽

Renal Tubular

1. Urinary excretion of endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity and urinary excretion of other parameters (β2-microglobulin, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase and microalbumin) were measured before, within 1 week after and 2 weeks after the administration of cis-platinum in five young male patients with testicular cancer (mean age 33.0 years) and were compared. 2. Urinary endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity/creatinine during, 1 week after, and 2 weeks after cis-platinum treatment was significantly higher than before cis-platinum. There was no difference in urinary endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity/creatinine during, 1 week after and 2 weeks after cis-platinum. 3. Among the four parameters, urinary endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity/creatinine showed the highest level after cis-platinum treatment. Urinary β2-microglobulin/creatinine most rapidly returned to normal levels after cis-platinum. 4. Although urinary endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity/creatinine did not show any significant correlations with urinary N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (r = 0.291, not significant) or urinary microalbumin/creatinine (r = 0.076, not significant), it showed a significant correlation with urinary β2-microglobulin/creatinine (r = 0.475, P < 0.05). 5. These results suggest that endothelin-1 may be a sensitive urinary parameter in detecting cis-platinum-induced renal tubular injury.

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HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC RICKETS WITH RENAL HYPERGLYCINURIA, RENAL GLUCOSURIA, AND GLYCYL-PROLINURIA

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.34.3.357 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 357-371

Author(s):

Charles R. Scriver ◽

Richard B. Goldbloom ◽

Claude C. Roy

Keyword(s):

Muscle Weakness ◽

Tubular Secretion ◽

Hypophosphatemic Rickets ◽

Late Childhood ◽

Hydroxyproline Content ◽

Tubular Absorption ◽

Renal Tubular

A syndrome of hypophosphatemic rickets, hyperglycinuria, and glucosuria has been found in an adolescent boy. No familial or acquired cause was discovered. The condition began in late childhood. Nine years after its onset dramatic alleviation of extreme osteomalacia and muscle weakness was obtained with phosphorus supplementation of the diet. A number of additional observations were made: 1. The hypophosphatemia was the result of diminished net tubular conservation of phosphorus. On several occasions there was also evidence compatible with net tubular secretion of phosphorus. Hyperparathyroidism was not a factor in this phenomenon. 2. Impaired renal tubular absorption of transport of glycine and glucose was also demonstrated. The inhibition of transport was probably non-competitive in nature. 3. A newly described peptide, glycylproline, was excreted in urine before treatment. The bound hydroxyproline content of urine was also elevated. Both findings disappeared progressively as remineralization of bone occurred.

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Proteinuria in Patients with Cirrhosis: Relationship between Renal and Hepatic Function

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0630387 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 387-392

Author(s):

L. Milani ◽

A. Gatta ◽

C. Merkel ◽

A. Ruol

Keyword(s):

Liver Damage ◽

Hepatic Function ◽

Glomerular Permeability ◽

Acid Glycoprotein ◽

Β2 Microglobulin ◽

Protein Excretion ◽

Α2 Macroglobulin ◽

Class B ◽

Fractional Clearance ◽

Renal Tubular

1. In 37 patients with cirrhosis of the liver of different severity (11 in class A, 18 in class B, and 8 in class C, according to Child's criteria modified by Hobbs), inulin and p-aminohippurate clearances, total fractional protein excretion and the fractional clearances of α1-acid glycoprotein, albumin, transferrin, α2-macroglobulin and β2-microglobulin (in 20 patients) were determined. 2. Inulin clearance was lower than 70 ml/min in 19 patients and p-aminohippurate clearance was lower than 300 ml/min in 20 patients. Total fractional protein excretion was above normal in 19 patients; α1-acid glycoprotein fractional clearance was above normal in 11, albumin fractional clearance in 10, transferrin fractional clearance in five, α2-macroglobulin fractional clearance in three, and β2-microglobulin fractional clearance in 10. 3. The increases in protein excretion were independent of any impairment of renal tubular function. An inverse relationship between protein excretion and the clearances of inulin and p-aminohippurate was found. No difference in protein excretion was found between the three groups of patients with different degrees of liver damage. 4. The results suggest that in cirrhosis an increase in glomerular permeability is frequent, though generally slight; it is correlated with an impairment of kidney function and is independent of the severity of the liver damage.

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