INHIBITORY EFFECT OF CERTAIN AMINO ACIDS ON RENAL TUBULAR ABSORPTION OF PHOSPHATE

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred F. Michael ◽  
Keith N. Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Hormone Action ◽  
Basic Amino Acids ◽  
Phosphate Excretion ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Tubular Absorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

Infusion of certain neutral L-amino acids (alanine, glycine, valine, and tryptophan) into dogs resulted in an inhibition of the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate and increased phosphate excretion. This was seen in both the parathyroidectomized animal and under conditions of exogenous parathormone infusion, indicating that the phosphaturia induced by amino acids is independent of parathyroid hormone action. This effect was stereospecific and did not occur with D-alanine; no effect was observed after infusion of the basic amino acids L-arginine and L-lysine.

Effect of parathyroid hormone on renal tubular reabsorption of amino acids

Metabolism ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 715-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Short ◽  
Louis J. Elsas ◽  
Leon E. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

Effect of Various Amino Acids on the Renal Tubular Reabsorption of Inorganic Sulfate in the Dog

1956 ◽  
Vol 185 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Berglund ◽  
William D. Lotspeich
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Acid Inhibition ◽  
Maximal Rate ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Inorganic Sulfate

Various amino acids depress the sulfate-Tm in the dog. The effects of l-alanine, glycine, d-alanine and l-arginine are compared. The capacity of any one of these amino acids to depress sulfate-Tm correlates directly with maximal rate of reabsorption of the amino acid. The nature of the amino acid inhibition, its relation to amino acid reabsorption, the amino-acidurias and some general problems of renal tubular reabsorption are discussed.

Effects of Phenylalanine Analogues on Renal Tubular Reabsorption of Amino Acids in the Rat

1977 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-364
Author(s):  
C. W. I. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Serial Determination ◽  
Forced Diuresis ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

1. A method is described for the serial determination of renal tubular reabsorption of amino acids in the ethanol-anaesthetized rat. It utilizes intravenous radio-labelled inulins, automated amino acid analysis and forced diuresis. 2. Intravenous loading with phenylalanine and infusion of phenylalanine analogues in this preparation decrease reabsorption of endogenous amino acids in accordance with existing concepts of amino acid transport. 3. Maximal tubular reabsorption (Tmax.) could not be demonstrated for phenylalanine at plasma concentrations below 9 mmol/l. 4. Infusion of phenylalanine analogues into phenylalanine-loaded (‘phenylketonuric’) rats did not specifically inhibit tubular reabsorption of phenylalanine and it is unlikely that any of the substances tested have a potential therapeutic use in man. 5. p-Guanidino derivatives of phenylalanine, in contrast to p-amino derivatives, appear to cause a dose-related basic aminoaciduria. 6. Consideration of urinary flow rates and sodium excretion suggests that the ethanol anaesthesia does not modify amino acid reabsorption through effects on sodium transport or antidiuretic hormone.

PARATHYROID FUNCTION IN SPONTANEOUS PRIMARY HYPOTHYROIDISM

1968 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. ADAMS ◽  
T. M. CHALMERS ◽  
B. L. RIGGS ◽  
J. D. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Parathyroid Function ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Renal Tubular

SUMMARY Calcium and phosphorus metabolism were studied in 22 patients with spontaneous primary hypothyroidism. Two patients were found to have hypercalcaemia but the mean serum calcium concentration of the group was significantly less than that of control subjects. The renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate was decreased and could be increased to normal with small calcium infusions. The response to calcium deprivation and to infusions of EDTA was abnormal and suggested an impaired ability to mobilize calcium from bone. There was a significant correlation between the defect in calcium mobilization, as judged from the response to EDTA, and the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. In three patients serum parathyroid hormone concentrations, measured by radioimmunoassay, were in the upper part of the normal range. It is suggested that in patients with hypothyroidism the target cells in bone are less responsive to the effects of parathyroid hormone than normal; as a consequence parathyroid hormone secretion may be increased.

Effects of Parathyroid Hormone on Sodium and Calcium Transport in the Dog Nephron

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. L. Sutton ◽  
N. L. M. Wong ◽  
J. H. Dirks
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Calcium Transport ◽  
Distal Tubule ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Puncture Site ◽  
Calcium Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Selective Enhancement ◽  
Bovine Parathyroid Hormone

1. The effect of purified bovine parathyroid hormone on renal tubular reabsorption of sodium and calcium has been studied by micropuncture in intact and recently thyroparathyroidectomized dogs. 2. Parathyroid hormone increased the rejection of sodium and calcium proportionately at the late proximal tubule in both intact and operated dogs. 3. In both groups of dogs, there was increased delivery of sodium and calcium to the distal tubule after the hormone. However, the Ca/Na ratio decreased, suggesting some selective enhancement of calcium reabsorption before the superficial distal puncture site. 4. In the final urine, the Ca/Na ratio decreased highly significantly in both groups of dogs, indicating a further selective effect of parathyroid hormone on calcium reabsorption in or beyond the distal convoluted tubule.

Diphosphonates and phosphate homoeostasis in man

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. McCloskey ◽  
A. J. P. Yates ◽  
R. E. S. Gray ◽  
N. A. T. Hamdy ◽  
J. Galloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Paget’S Disease ◽  
Paget's Disease ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Serum Phosphate ◽  
Paget's Disease Of Bone ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

1. The effects of three intravenous diphosphonates (etidronate, clodronate and aminohexane diphosphonate) on phosphate homoeostasis were studied in 30 patients with Paget's disease of bone and in three patients with hypoparathyroidism. 2. In Paget's disease, all three diphosphonates induced significant increases in serum phosphate and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. This effect was most marked and persistent after etidronate, whereas in the clodronate- and aminohexane diphosphonate-treated patients the increases were less, of shorter duration and followed thereafter by significant decreases in serum phosphate and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. Unlike etidronate, both clodronate and aminohexane diphosphonate caused a significant reduction in serum and urinary calcium, with appropriate homoeostatic increases in immunoassayable parathyroid hormone. 3. Phosphaturic responses to infused parathyroid hormone were observed in two patients with etidronate-induced hyperphosphataemia. 4. In three hypoparathyroid patients, clodronate induced a more marked increase in serum phosphate and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate than in Paget‘s disease, which was of comparable degree but of shorter duration than that after etidronate in Paget's disease. 5. These findings suggest that all three diphosphonates increase renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate, but that this effect is attenuated with those diphosphonates which induce secondary hyperparathyroidism.

HYPERDIBASICAMINOACIDURIA IN A MENTALLY RETARDED HOMOZYGOTE WITH A PECULIAR RESPONSE TO PHENOTHIAZINES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
Hayato Kihara ◽  
Mario Valente ◽  
Myna T. Porter ◽  
Arvan L. Fluharty
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Basic Amino Acids ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
History Of ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Excretion Rates ◽  
Retarded Patient

A mentally retarded patient believed to be homozygous for the transport mutant, hyperdibasicaminoaciduria, is described. The trait is characterized by increased excretion rates of the basic amino acids, lysine, arginine, and ornithine. Plasma levels of these amino acids are normal, so renal excretion is not the result of increased plasma levels, but is rather due to impaired renal tubular reabsorption of the basic amino acids. Subnormal increase in plasma lysine levels after oral lysine loading implies impaired intestinal as well as renal transport of basic amino acids. The parents of the proband are first cousins of Italian extraction. Their excretion rates of basic amino acids, while modest relative to those of the proband, are considerably higher than in control subjects. This patient came to our attention because of a history of adverse reactions to chlorpromazine (Thorazine), thioridazine (Mellaril), and fluphenazine (Prolixin) consisting of dysarthria, Parkinsonian movement, and bradykinesia. She recovered fully after the chlorpromazine and the thioridazine were discontinued. However, after the fluphenazine was discontinued she was left with a permanent residual of dysarthria and athetosis.

CORRELATION BETWEEN ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE EFFECT AND THE RENAL EXCRETION OF MAGNESIUM AND CALCIUM IN MAN

1964 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bent Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Hormone Effect ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Most Probable Explanation

ABSTRACT The effect of injection of physiological doses of commercial preparations of lysine- or arginine-vasopressin on the renal excretion of magnesium and calcium was studied in 20 hydrated normal subjects. In the majority of the experiments the injections were followed by a rise in the rate of excretion of magnesium as well as of calcium. In 3 subjects endogenously induced antidiuresis produced similar effects. In 1 case no changes were revealed during antidiuresis. The most probable explanation of these results would seem to be that the antidiuretic hormone exerts an inhibitory effect on the renal tubular reabsorption of magnesium and calcium.

Effects of Exogenous Parathyroid Hormone on the Renal Tubular Reabsorption of Calcium in man

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 8P-9P
Author(s):  
J. S. Woodhead ◽  
D. A. Walker ◽  
S. J. Davies ◽  
C. J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular
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