Spotty sunspot record gets a makeover

Nature ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Witze
Keyword(s):  
Sunspot Record

scholarly journals Sunspot Record Reveals Little to Space Weather Watchers

Space Weather ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a
Author(s):  
Irene Klotz
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Sunspot Record

Periodicity and aperiodicity in solar magnetic activity

1990 ◽  
Vol 330 (1615) ◽  
pp. 617-625 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Activity ◽  
Convective Zone ◽  
Magnetic Cycle ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Solar Magnetic Activity ◽  
Hydromagnetic Dynamo ◽  
Dynamo Waves ◽  
Plausible Theory ◽  
Sunspot Record

Solar activity varies irregularly with an 11-year period whereas the magnetic cycle has a period of 22 years. Similar cycles of activity are seen in other slowly rotating late-type stars. The only plausible theory for their origin ascribes them to a hydromagnetic dynamo operating at, or just below, the base of the convective zone. Linear (kinematic) dynamo models yield strictly periodic solutions with dynamo waves propagating towards or away from the equator. Nonlinear (magnetohydrodynamic) dynamo models allow transitions from periodic to quasi-periodic to chaotic behaviour, as well as loss of spatial symmetry followed by the development of complex spatial structure. Results from simple models can be compared with the observed sunspot record over the past 380 years and with proxy records extending over 9000 years, which show aperiodic modulation of the 11-year cycle.

scholarly journals Modeling of Atmospheric Radiocarbon Fluctuations for the Past Three Centuries

Radiocarbon ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
P E Damon ◽  
R S Sternberg ◽  
C J Radnell
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Magnetic Field Intensity ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Solar Modulation ◽  
Geomagnetic Index ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dipole Magnetic Field ◽  
Climatic Time Series ◽  
Sunspot Record

Relatively precise quantitative observations of geophysical parameters are available to evaluate the fluctuations of atmospheric 14C activity during the past three centuries. As reviewed by Damon, Lerman, and Long (1978), these fluctuations seem to result from three factors: 1) changes in the earth's dipole magnetic field intensity, which has been decreasing since the first measurements by Gauss (McDonald and Gunst, 1968); 2) solar modulation of the cosmic-ray production, which has been correlated with the sunspot record of Waldmeier (1961), and more recently, to the Aa geomagnetic index by Stuiver and Quay (1980); and 3) the combustion of fossil fuels (Suess, 1955). A relationship between the climatic time series and the 14C-derived record of solar change has not yet been demonstrated (Stuiver, 1980).

scholarly journals The Revised Sunspot Record in Comparison to Cosmogenic Radionuclide-Based Solar Activity Reconstructions

Solar Physics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 291 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 3025-3043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimund Muscheler ◽  
Florian Adolphi ◽  
Konstantin Herbst ◽  
Andreas Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmogenic Radionuclide ◽  
Sunspot Record

scholarly journals What the Sunspot Record Tells Us About Space Climate

Solar Physics ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 224 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Hathaway ◽  
Robert M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Sunspot Record

scholarly journals Deciphering Solar Magnetic Activity: 140 Years Of The ‘Extended Solar Cycle’ – Mapping the Hale Cycle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott William McIntosh ◽  
Robert J Leamon ◽  
Ricky Egeland ◽  
Mausumi Dikpati ◽  
Richard C Altrock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Magnetic Activity ◽  
Magnetic Cycle ◽  
Fundamental Feature ◽  
Superposed Epoch Analysis ◽  
Consistent Picture ◽  
Solar Magnetic Activity ◽  
Epoch Analysis ◽  
Observational Record ◽  
Sunspot Record

Abstract We investigate the occurrence of the ``extended solar cycle'' (ESC) as it occurs in a host observational data spanning 140 years. Investigating coronal, chromospheric, photospheric and interior diagnostics we develop a consistent picture of solar activity migration linked to the 22-year Hale (magnetic) cycle using superposed epoch analysis (SEA) using previously identified Hale cycle termination events as the key time for the SEA. Our analysis shows that the ESC and Hale cycle, as highlighted by the terminator-keyed SEA, is strongly recurrent throughout the entire observational record studied, some 140 years. Applying the same SEA method to the sunspot record confirms that Maunder's butterfly pattern is a subset of the underlying Hale cycle, strongly suggesting that the production of sunspots is not the fundamental feature of the Hale cycle, but the ESC is. The ESC (and Hale cycle) pattern highlights the importance of 55\degree\ latitude in the evolution, and possible production, of solar magnetism.

Fine Structure in the Sunspot Record

1993 ◽  
pp. 345-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Buck ◽  
Vincent A. Macaulay
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Sunspot Record

Historical evidence concerning the Sun: interpretation of sunspot records during the telescopic and pretelescopic eras

1990 ◽  
Vol 330 (1615) ◽  
pp. 499-512 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Solar Activity ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Activity Trends ◽  
Sunspot Record

The value of sunspot observations in investigating solar activity trends - mainly on the centennial to millennial timescale — is considered in some detail. It is shown that although observations made since the mid-eighteenth century are in general very reliable indicators of solar activity, older data are of dubious quality and utility. The sunspot record in both the pretelescopic and early telescopic periods appears to be confused by serious data artefacts.

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