scholarly journals Kin discrimination allows plants to modify investment towards pollinator attraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Torices ◽  
José M. Gómez ◽  
John R. Pannell
Keyword(s):  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Pollinator Attraction

scholarly journals Kin discrimination promotes horizontal gene transfer between unrelated strains in Bacillus subtilis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Polonca Stefanic ◽  
Katarina Belcijan ◽  
Barbara Kraigher ◽  
Rok Kostanjšek ◽  
Joseph Nesme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Recipient Strain ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
Novel Alleles

AbstractBacillus subtilis is a soil bacterium that is competent for natural transformation. Genetically distinct B. subtilis swarms form a boundary upon encounter, resulting in killing of one of the strains. This process is mediated by a fast-evolving kin discrimination (KD) system consisting of cellular attack and defence mechanisms. Here, we show that these swarm antagonisms promote transformation-mediated horizontal gene transfer between strains of low relatedness. Gene transfer between interacting non-kin strains is largely unidirectional, from killed cells of the donor strain to surviving cells of the recipient strain. It is associated with activation of a stress response mediated by sigma factor SigW in the donor cells, and induction of competence in the recipient strain. More closely related strains, which in theory would experience more efficient recombination due to increased sequence homology, do not upregulate transformation upon encounter. This result indicates that social interactions can override mechanistic barriers to horizontal gene transfer. We hypothesize that KD-mediated competence in response to the encounter of distinct neighbouring strains could maximize the probability of efficient incorporation of novel alleles and genes that have proved to function in a genomically and ecologically similar context.

scholarly journals Kin discrimination and altruism in the larvae of a solitary insect

2006 ◽  
Vol 273 (1599) ◽  
pp. 2381-2386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Lizé ◽  
Dominique Carval ◽  
Anne Marie Cortesero ◽  
Sylvain Fournet ◽  
Denis Poinsot
Keyword(s):  
Kin Discrimination

Kin discrimination in sticklebacks is mediated by social learning rather than innate recognition

Ethology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim G. Frommen ◽  
Corinna Luz ◽  
Theo C. M. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Innate Recognition

Cryptic dioecy in Actinidia polygama: a test of the pollinator attraction hypothesis

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuhiro Kawagoe ◽  
Nobuhiko Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Production ◽  
Sexual System ◽  
Dioecious Species ◽  
Pollinator Attraction ◽  
Cryptic Dioecy ◽  
Actinidia Polygama ◽  
Unisexual Flowers ◽  
Sterile Pollen ◽  
Female Flowers

Female flowers of some dioecious species are known to develop stamens with sterile pollen, a sexual system known as cryptic dioecy. A convincing hypothesis explaining this phenomenon is that stamens in female flowers attract pollinators and so ensure seed production. However, because this hypothesis has rarely been tested experimentally, we tested it in a cryptically dioecious species, Actinidia polygama (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch. ex Maxim. Our findings show that pollinators do not show a consistent preference based on the sex of the flowers, and that the removal of stamens from female flowers results in a significant reduction in the frequency of insect visits and fruit production. These results strongly support the pollinator attraction hypothesis in A. polygama. Given the evident role of stamens in female flowers in A. polygama reproduction, we discuss why cryptic dioecy is a rare phenomenon.Key words: Actinidia polygama, cryptic dioecy, pseudopollen, pollinator attraction, unisexual flowers.

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