Sponge-like ionic liquids: a new platform for green biocatalytic chemical processes

Hydrophobic ILs based on cations with long alkyl side-chains are switchable ionic liquid/solid phases with temperature that behave as sponge-like systems (Sponge-Like Ionic Liquids, SLILs), being applied for producing pure liquid compounds (e.g. biodiesel, etc).

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Ion conformation and orientational order in a dicationic ionic liquid crystal studied by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85021-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Debashis Majhi ◽

Sergey V. Dvinskikh

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Ionic Liquids ◽

Liquid Crystals ◽

Bond Order ◽

Van Der Waals ◽

Orientational Order ◽

Smectic Phase ◽

Side Chains ◽

Dicationic Ionic Liquid ◽

Ionic Liquid Crystals

AbstractIonic liquids crystals belong to a special class of ionic liquids that exhibit thermotropic liquid-crystalline behavior. Recently, dicationic ionic liquid crystals have been reported with a cation containing two single-charged ions covalently linked by a spacer. In ionic liquid crystals, electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions in ionic sublayer and van der Waals interaction in hydrophobic domains are the main forces contributing to the mesophase stabilization and determining the molecular orientational order and conformation. How these properties in dicationic materials are compared to those in conventional monocationic analogs? We address this question using a combination of advanced NMR methods and DFT analysis. Dicationic salt 3,3′-(1,6-hexanediyl)bis(1-dodecylimidazolium)dibromide was studied. Local bond order parameters of flexible alkyl side chains, linker chain, and alignment of rigid polar groups were analyzed. The dynamic spacer effectively “decouples” the motion of two ionic moieties. Hence, local order and alignment in dicationic mesophase were similar to those in analogous single-chain monocationic salts. Bond order parameters in the side chains in the dicationic smectic phase were found consistently lower compared to double-chain monocationic analogs, suggesting decreasing contribution of van der Waals forces. Overall dication reorientation in the smectic phase was characterized by low values of orientational order parameter S. With increased interaction energy in the polar domain the layered structure is stabilized despite less ordered dications. The results emphasized the trends in the orientational order in ionic liquid crystals and contributed to a better understanding of interparticle interactions driving smectic assembly in this and analogous ionic mesogens.

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Ionic liquids as an enabling tool to integrate reaction and separation processes

Green Chemistry ◽

10.1039/c9gc02553g ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (24) ◽

pp. 6527-6544 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Rocio Villa ◽

Elena Alvarez ◽

Raul Porcar ◽

Eduardo Garcia-Verdugo ◽

Santiago V. Luis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Ionic Liquids ◽

Microfluidic Devices ◽

Chemical Processes ◽

Membrane Reactors ◽

Separation Processes ◽

Catalytic Systems

This tutorial review highlights representative examples of ionic liquid (IL)-based (bio)catalytic systems integrating reaction and separation, as a tool for the development of sustainable chemical processes (e.g. IL/scCO2 biphasic reactors, membrane reactors, nanodrop systems, microfluidic devices, supported IL phases, sponge-like ILs, etc.).

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Influence of different branched alkyl side chains on the properties of imidazolium-based ionic liquids

Journal of Materials Chemistry ◽

10.1039/b807119e ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (43) ◽

pp. 5267 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

Tina Erdmenger ◽

Jürgen Vitz ◽

Frank Wiesbrock ◽

Ulrich S. Schubert

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Side Chains ◽

Alkyl Side Chains

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Percolation Phase Transition from Ionic Liquids to Ionic Liquid Crystals

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-49493-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shen Li ◽

Yanting Wang

Keyword(s):

Phase Transition ◽

Ionic Liquid ◽

Ionic Liquids ◽

Chain Length ◽

Complex Fluids ◽

Dynamics Simulation ◽

Coarse Grained ◽

Side Chain ◽

Side Chains ◽

Side Chain Length

Abstract Due to their complex molecular structures and interactions, phase behaviors of complex fluids are quite often difficult to be identified by common phase transition analysis methods. Percolation phase transition, on the other hand, only monitors the degree of connection among particles without strict geometric requirements such as translational or orientational order, and thus suitable for pinpointing phase transitions of complex fluids. As typical complex fluids, ionic liquids (ILs) exhibit phases beyond the description of simple liquid theories. In particular, with an intermediate cationic side-chain length, ILs can form the nanoscale segregated liquid (NSL) state, which will eventually transform into the ionic liquid crystal (ILC) structure when the side chains are adequately long. However, the microscopic mechanism of this transformation is still unclear. In this work, by means of coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation, we show that, with increasing cationic side-chain length, some local pieces of non-polar domains are gradually formed by side chains aligned in parallel inside the NSL phase, before an abrupt percolation phase transition happens when the system transforms into the ILC phase. This work not only identifies that the NSL to ILC phase transition is a critical phenomenon, but also demonstrates the importance of percolation theory to complex fluids.

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Ionic Liquids: A Review on Greener Chemistry Applications, Quality Ionic Liquid Synthesis and Economical Viability in a Chemical Processes

American Journal of Physical Chemistry ◽

10.11648/j.ajpc.20160503.14 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 74 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Dejene Disasa Irge

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Ionic Liquids ◽

Chemical Processes

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Evaluation of imidazolium-based ionic liquids towards vermicidal activity: in vitro & in silico studies

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra13469b ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (92) ◽

pp. 75415-75424 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

K. T. Prabhu Charan ◽

Prabodh Ranjan ◽

Kasina Manojkumar ◽

Nellepalli Pothanagandhi ◽

Prakash C. Jha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

In Silico ◽

Side Chains ◽

In Silico Studies ◽

Alkyl Side Chains

A series of six different ionic liquids (ILs) tailored with different N-alkyl side chains (ethyl, butyl, octyl) were synthesized and evaluated for their vermicidal activity against the Indian earthworm, Pheretima posthuma.

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Green Biodiesel Production Catalyzed by Basic Ionic Liquid

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.379 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 291-294 ◽

pp. 379-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yong Gang Guo ◽

Bao Hua Huang ◽

Na Shi ◽

Xiao Zhong Ma ◽

Yan Ping Huo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Ionic Liquids ◽

Microwave Irradiation ◽

Processing Time ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Efficient Catalyst ◽

Basic Ionic Liquid ◽

Alkyl Side Chains ◽

Biphasic Systems ◽

Operational Simplicity

Transesterification were carried out under microwave irradiation conditions and the effects of imidazolium hydroxide with different branched alkyl side-chains ([Cnmim]OH, n = 2, 3, 4) were investigated. The results showed that less than conventional amount of NaOH, and the alkaline ionic liquids formed clearly biphasic systems immediately after the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol was finished. The method offers significant improvement over conventional techniques in terms of operational simplicity, processing time reduction and excellent yields. Among the imidazolium salts studied, [C2mim]OH proved to be the most efficient catalyst, affording 96 % yield.

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