Systemic Haemodynamics in Mild Arterial Hypertension before and after Physical Training

1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (s1) ◽  
pp. 145s-149s ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sannerstedt ◽  
H. Wasir ◽  
R. Henning ◽  
L. Werkö
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Before And After

1. Five men with borderline, latent arterial hypertension of the hyperkinetic type were studied haemodynamically at rest and during dynamic exercise before and after a 6-week period of supervised physical training. 2. Tendencies to lower heart rate, cardiac output and arterial blood pressure, both at rest and during a standardized work-load, were observed after the training period, with significant differences between paired observations for the heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure during exercise. The systemic vascular resistance being unchanged, there was a certain trend to an increased widening of the arteriovenous oxygen difference, both at rest and during exercise. 3. The present findings from a small number of subjects indicate that physical conditioning of patients with latent hypertension of the hyperkinetic type contributes to a normalization of their circulation toward a normokinetic one, thereby also normalizing their blood pressure level and achieving a more economic energy expenditure in the cardiovascular system.

Heart rate and blood pressure effects during caloric vestibular testing

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 616-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
A V Kasbekar ◽  
D M Baguley ◽  
R Knight ◽  
P Gomersall ◽  
R Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Phase Velocity ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Slow Phase ◽  
Slow Phase Velocity ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Before And After

AbstractObjectives:To determine whether the caloric vestibular test causes significant changes in heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure.Materials and methods:Changes in heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure before and after caloric irrigation were compared with the degree of nystagmus (as measured by maximum slow phase velocity) and the patient's subjective dizziness (scored from 0 to 10). A cardiologist reviewed each patient's heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure changes. Patients' anxiety levels were also assessed.Results:Eighteen patients were recruited. There were no adverse events in any patient. There were no overall significant differences between the heart rate and mean arterial pressure before and after each irrigation. There was a significant correlation between the maximum slow phase velocity and patients' subjective dizziness scores.Conclusion:Heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure are not significantly influenced by the caloric vestibular test. This preliminary study will enable patients with stable cardiovascular disease to be recruited for further risk determination.

Aging, opioid-receptor agonists and antagonists, and the vestibulosympathetic reflex in humans

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1761-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chester A. Ray ◽  
Kevin D. Monahan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Endogenous Opioids ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vestibulosympathetic Reflex ◽  
Older Subjects

Animal studies indicate that opioids inhibit the firing rate of vestibular neurons, which are important in mediating the vestibulosympathetic reflex. Furthermore, this inhibition appears to be greater in more mature rats. In the present study, we tested the hypotheses that opioids inhibit the vestibulosympathetic reflex in humans and that endogenous opioids contribute to the age-related impairment of the vestibulosympathetic reflex. These hypotheses were tested by measuring muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), arterial blood pressure, and heart rate responses to otolith organ engagement during head-down rotation (HDR) in young (24 ± 2 yr old) and older (63 ± 2 yr) subjects before and after administration of either an opioid-receptor antagonist (16 mg naloxone in 9 young and 8 older subjects) or an opioid-receptor agonist (60 mg codeine in 7 young and 7 older subjects). Naloxone did not augment the reflex increase in MSNA during HDR in young (Δ7 ± 2 vs. Δ4 ± 2 bursts/min and Δ81 ± 23 vs. Δ60 ± 24% change in burst frequency and total MSNA before and after naloxone, respectively) or older subjects (Δ2 ± 2 vs. Δ1 ± 2 burst/min and Δ8 ± 7 vs. Δ8 ± 9% before and after naloxone). Similarly, codeine did not attenuate the increase in MSNA during HDR in young (Δ8 ± 1 vs. Δ7 ± 2 bursts/min and Δ53 ± 4 vs. Δ64 ± 16% before and after codeine) or older subjects (Δ6 ± 4 vs. Δ3 ± 3 bursts/min and Δ38 ± 21 vs. Δ33 ± 20%). Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate responses to HDR were not altered by either naloxone or codeine. These data do not provide experimental support for the concept that opioids modulate the vestibulosympathetic reflex in humans. Moreover, endogenous opioids do not appear to contribute the age-associated impairment of the vestibulosympathetic reflex.

scholarly journals Comparison of intraocular pressure, tear production and cardiorespiratory variables before and after induction of anaesthesia with either propofol or ketofol in dogs premedicated with midazolam

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
H. Imani Rastabi ◽  
A. Baniadam ◽  
A. Ronagh ◽  
A. Khajeh ◽  
M. Kamyabnia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Depression ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Tear Production ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of propofol and ketofol on intraocular pressure, tear production and cardiorespiratory variables in dogs premedicated with midazolam. Six castrated adult mixed-breed dogs were used in a cross-over design with a one-week interval. Twenty minutes after premedication with midazolam (0.2 mg/kg), animals were assigned randomly to two groups and received either propofol (6 mg/kg) or ketofol (3 mg/kg; 1 : 1 mg/ml ratio) treatments intravenously. Intraocular pressure, tear production, heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature and direct mean arterial blood pressure were measured at base (before induction), and at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 min after induction of anaesthesia. Blood gas samples were obtained at base (before induction), and at 5, 15 and 30 min after administration of treatments. Intraocular pressure showed significantly higher values at 5 min after induction in ketofol compared with propofol (16.1 ± 4.5 mm Hg vs 8.2 ± 1.2 mm Hg, respectively). There were no significant changes in tear production in either group. Significantly higher heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure were detected in ketofol at several time points. Respiratory depression occurred in both groups with no significant differences between them. In conclusion, although ketofol improved heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure and did not elicit more pronounced respiratory depression than propofol, it resulted in significantly higher values of intraocular pressure at 5 min after administration in dogs. Despite the small number of dogs in this study, our results indicate that ketofol should not be recommended for ophthalmic surgical procedures in dogs. Appropriate oxygenation should be provided when propofol is used for ophthalmic surgeries.

Acute Haemodynamic and Hormonal Effects of Captopril are Diminished by Indomethacin

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Witzgall ◽  
F. Hirsch ◽  
B. Scherer ◽  
P. C. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Hormonal Effects ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Excretion Rates

1. The acute haemodynamic and hormonal effects of 100 mg of captopril (SQ 14.225) orally were tested in twelve healthy men in the sodium replete state before and after indomethacin pre-treatment. 2. Without indomethacin, mean arterial blood pressure was reduced at 30 and 60 min after captopril (P < 0.02). Heart rate did not change during the whole experiment. Although plasma renin activity (PRA) increased (P < 0.002), plasma and urinary aldosterone and plasma 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OH-B) decreased after captopril (P < 0.02). Prostaglandin (PG) E2, sodium and potassium excretion rates remained constant after captopril. 3. Under indomethacin pretreatment, the fall in mean arterial blood pressure was less than without indomethacin at 30 and 60 min after captopril (P < 0.05). Heart rate was constantly lower than without indomethacin during the whole experiment (P < 0.05). Indomethacin pretreatment decreased basal PGE2 excretion (P < 0.02) and baseline PRA as well as the increase in PRA after captopril (P < 0.05). Control mineralocorticoid levels were significantly lower than without indomethacin. In indomethacin-pretreated subjects, aldosterone did not further decrease after captopril, and 18-OH-B fell only slightly. 4. Without indomethacin pretreatment a significant, positive correlation was found between PRA values before captopril and the maximum decrease of mean arterial blood pressure after captopril. Under indomethacin pretreatment this correlation was no longer demonstrable. The results suggest that prostaglandins may contribute to the haemodynamic and hormonal actions of captopril.

Compression Stocking Length Effects on Arterial Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Following Head-Up Tilt in Healthy Volunteers

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Tanaka ◽  
Shiori Tokumiya ◽  
Yumiko Ishihara ◽  
Yumiko Kohira ◽  
Tetsuro Katafuchi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Compression Stocking ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Length Effects

Comparative study on effect of neutral spinal bath and neutral spinal spray on blood pressure, heart rate and heart rate variability in healthy volunteers

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arundhati Goley ◽  
A. Mooventhan ◽  
NK. Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Instantaneous Heart Rate

Abstract Background Hydrotherapeutic applications to the head and spine have shown to improve cardiovascular and autonomic functions. There is lack of study reporting the effect of either neutral spinal bath (NSB) or neutral spinal spray (NSS). Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effects of both NSB and NSS in healthy volunteers. Methods Thirty healthy subjects were recruited and randomized into either neutral spinal bath group (NSBG) or neutral spinal spray group (NSSG). A single session of NSB, NSS was given for 15 min to the NSBG and NSSG, respectively. Assessments were taken before and after the interventions. Results Results of this study showed a significant reduction in low-frequency (LF) to high-frequency (HF) (LF/HF) ratio of heart rate variability (HRV) spectrum in NSBG compared with NSSG (p=0.026). Within-group analysis of both NSBG and NSSG showed a significant increase in the mean of the intervals between adjacent QRS complexes or the instantaneous heart rate (HR) (RRI) (p=0.002; p=0.009, respectively), along with a significant reduction in HR (p=0.002; p=0.004, respectively). But, a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p=0.037) and pulse pressure (PP) (p=0.017) was observed in NSSG, while a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p=0.008), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) (p=0.008) and LF/HF ratio (p=0.041) was observed in NSBG. Conclusion Results of the study suggest that 15 min of both NSB and NSS might be effective in reducing HR and improving HRV. However, NSS is particularly effective in reducing SBP and PP, while NSB is particularly effective in reducing DBP and MAP along with improving sympathovagal balance in healthy volunteers.

The Study of Dynamic Response to Acute Hemorrhage by Pulse Spectrum Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 449-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hsin Chang ◽  
Chia I Tsai ◽  
Jaung Geng Lin ◽  
Yue Der Lin ◽  
Tsai Chung Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Pulse Spectrum ◽  
Acute Hemorrhage ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Before And After

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) holds that Blood and Qi are fundamental substances in the human body for sustaining normal vital activity. The theory of Qi, Blood and Zang-Fu contribute the most important theoretical basis of human physiology in TCM. An animal model using conscious rats was employed in this study to further comprehend how organisms survive during acute hemorrhage by maintaining the functionalities of Qi and Blood through dynamically regulating visceral physiological conditions. Pulse waves of arterial blood pressure before and after the hemorrhage were taken in parallel to pulse spectrum analysis. Percentage differences of mean arterial blood pressure and harmonics were recorded in subsequent 5-minute intervals following the hemorrhage. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Duncan's test for pairwise comparisons. Results showed that, within 30 minutes following the onset of acute hemorrhage,the reduction of mean arterial blood pressure was improved from 62% to 20%. Throughout the process, changes to the pulse spectrum appeared to result in a new balance over time. The percentage differences of the second and third harmonics, which were related to kidney and spleen, both increased significantly than baseline and towards another steady state. Apart from the steady state resulting from the previous stage, the percentage difference of the 4th harmonic decreased significantly to another steady state. The observed change could be attributed to the induction of functional Qi, and is a result of Qi-Blood balancing activity that organisms hold to survive against acute bleeding.

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